PENAN TRIBE by THE PENAN PEOPLE https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe en-us 2016-09-21 00:27:35 UTC 2023-07-17 08:55:22 UTC hello@padlet.com WHO ARE THEY? nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125264298 The Penan are tribes of hunter-gatherers—they rely heavily on the forest they live in for their continued survival. The Penan are the only true nomadic people in Sarawak and are amongst the last of the world's hunter-gatherers. Penan people is estimated to be around 2,357,500 people (Source: Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2006) ]]> 2016-09-21 00:42:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125264298 WHERE DO THEY LIVE? nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125264404 The Penan people live deep in the rainforests of Sarawak. Sarawak has a population of almost 2.5 million, made up of some 26 different ethnic groups. 31% of Sarawak's population consists of two biggest ethnic groups, Dayak and Iban, while the rest of the population consist of other ethnic groups which includes Penan, Bidayuh and Kelabit (Source: Minority Rights, 2016).]]> 2016-09-21 00:43:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125264404 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125265433 2016-09-21 00:55:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125265433 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125265765 The Penan recognises two main groups among them, East Penan and the West Penan; the groups are culturally distinct and are geographically separated by the Baram River. Most of the Penan are located around Baram (in the Miri Division) and around Belaga (in the Kapit Division). Smaller populations can be found in the Bintulu and Limbang Districts.]]> 2016-09-21 00:58:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125265765 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125266768 The Penan before the early 19th century occupied settlements on the Hiahm Suai & Buk rivers. They are believed to have arrived at that location by traveling through the Lio Matu area from Pejungan.]]> 2016-09-21 01:07:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125266768 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125267206 2016-09-21 01:11:15 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125267206 ENJOY THIS VIDEO! ;) https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125267457      ]]> 2016-09-21 01:13:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/125267457 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126761922 2016-09-27 17:43:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126761922 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126764173 2016-09-27 17:50:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126764173 MUSIC nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126764814 Keringot (Nose Flute)]]> 2016-09-27 17:51:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126764814 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126770881 Oreng / Ilut (Hand /Mouth Flute)]]> 2016-09-27 18:06:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126770881 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126771776 - Played by female; happiness & sadness and when in love
- If played by male; lost in the forest
- For guests

- Complicated but produce soft sound
-  Skillful ]]> 2016-09-27 18:08:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126771776 ARCHITECTURE nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126776696 Rumah Penan]]> 2016-09-27 18:21:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126776696 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126777829 2016-09-27 18:24:32 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126777829 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126778296 - Hut
- Has no cement or board floor
- Floor made by bamboo / just the ground]]> 2016-09-27 18:25:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126778296 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126836480 2016-09-28 00:33:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126836480 CRAFT hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126836783 2016-09-28 00:36:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126836783 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837310 2016-09-28 00:42:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837310 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837505 2016-09-28 00:44:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837505 WILD BOAR https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837508 BABUI]]> 2016-09-28 00:44:29 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837508 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837564 - Made by female
- Leisure time]]> 2016-09-28 00:45:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837564 STAPLE FOOD https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837809 2016-09-28 00:48:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126837809 PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAGO https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126838114 2016-09-28 00:52:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126838114 SAGO SEEDS https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126838573 (UVUT FOOD]]> 2016-09-28 00:57:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126838573 MONKEY MEAT https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126840535 2016-09-28 01:17:01 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/126840535 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/128166942 Penan man wearing chawat and body accessories ]]> 2016-10-04 13:49:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/128166942 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/128186541 Penan Woman's ear lobe is quite different from the man's as the hole is much bigger.]]> 2016-10-04 14:27:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/128186541 RELIGION https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129920623 - The Penan follow the religion of animism-- Believe that natural phenomena, spirits and magic are all interconnected.

- The Penan believe in a creator god named Peselong and rely on shaman to cure illnesses by removing illness-causing spirits.  

  • Since the (World War II) 1930s Christianity has spread.
  • Some have been converted to Islam.

]]> 2016-10-11 17:59:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129920623 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129923406 - 30 years ago, more than 400 children were having difficulties to go to school
- Now, over 3000 children are going to school (more than 50 schools altogether; primary and secondary schools - Baram, Bintulu, Niah)
- 20 of them successfully graduated last year
- Penan pursued to Kolej Segi Kuching and Kolej Yayasan Sabah KK
- Nursing, teaching, Petronas geologist, etc.]]> 2016-10-11 18:04:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129923406 CLOTHING zhenloo93 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129923640
- The Penan have some rather colourful clothing. Their traditional dress, mostly worn by elders, is made from chawats (loin cloths).

- They also have accessories such as bands around their legs and wrists and large holes in their earlobes
]]> 2016-10-11 18:05:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129923640 PENAN CREATION MYTHS https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129932611 - In the beginning, there was only sky and water and a sun and moon that didn't move. After eons and eons rocks fell to earth and later came rain which pulverized the rock into mud. Worms emerged from the mud are bore holes in the rock which allowed mother earth to break through the ground.

- As the first man and woman watched the trees in the storm a branch from a tree entered a hole in another tree, giving the first man and woman an idea. Their first child was the result.]]> 2016-10-11 18:25:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129932611 BELIEFS https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129934653  - Festivals are not part of traditional Penan culture, but blood pacts were once undertaken, usually as part of political agreements between Penan leaders and neighbouring tribes. Rituals varied, but in some cases leaders would shed blood onto tobacco and then smoke it together, thus consuming each other's blood and preventing future conflict. A breach of this pact was believed to cause the vomiting of blood and a violent death. 

- Similar rituals relate to banishing bad luck in hunting trips or to end a period of unsuccessful hunts. By smearing their blood onto a sago leaf, folding it and burying it some hunters believe they can change their fortune.

]]> 2016-10-11 18:30:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129934653 zhenloo93 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129998977 2016-10-12 00:21:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/129998977 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000029 Nowadays, the Penan natives are making the tattoos by themselves which is almost like prison tattoos. ]]> 2016-10-12 00:32:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000029 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000358 2016-10-12 00:34:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000358 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000514 2016-10-12 00:35:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130000514 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130001678 Loin Cloths]]> 2016-10-12 00:46:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/130001678 EDUCATION nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131524681
- Sekolah K9
  - reduce cost
  - stable lifestyle for the children
  - teachers and staffs adaptation problems

- Starts from parents
  - communications
  - moral values
  - tradition
through experiences and examples.]]> 2016-10-18 15:51:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131524681 Local Norms and Taboos hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663129 Forest Etiquette:
As one group goes ahead another group, messages will be left behind to lead them where to go and warn any possible danger.]]> 2016-10-19 00:28:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663129 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663134 2016-10-19 00:28:04 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663134 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663211 2016-10-19 00:29:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663211 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663397 2016-10-19 00:31:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663397 nikamaniehafizi https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663796 - 38 years old
- State Administrative Officer
- He is believed that he was the right person for the job in that he understood the community better than outsiders.
- He also stood as a great role model and influence for the Penans, especially the youths.]]> 2016-10-19 00:35:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131663796 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664456 9Marriage:
- Usually done without ceremony9
- Used to be sealed with payments of bride-price such as blowguns, swords or money.
- East Penan allows first cousin marriage
- Polygyny allowed but rare
- Divorce initiated by any party]]> 2016-10-19 00:41:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664456 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664585 -Women are believed to be born without a soul until they are married
- Unwanted child will be aborted with a special plant
- Husband have can decide to retrieve the soul by hunting an animal's head

]]> 2016-10-19 00:42:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664585 Local Norm/Taboo hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664798 2016-10-19 00:44:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/131664798 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132899423 2016-10-25 03:52:01 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132899423 Spare https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132899482 They used these tools to hunt animals. ]]> 2016-10-25 03:52:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132899482 Blowguns with poisoned dart https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132900107
  • Hunters develop a equipment known as the "lepud"  or  blowpipe, about 6feet long made from the Bilian tree and curved with a bone drill.
  • Their darts are made from sago palm and are tipped with deadly poisonous latex from the Tajem tree, which kills a man in less than 3 minutes.
  • They use blowpipes to hunt, but killing a bearded pig with a blowpipe is very difficult and requires strong poison unless you want to track it for days before it falls (more difficult in secondary forest). Shotguns are obviously more efficient, but are far more expensive to own and permits are needed.
    • ]]>     2016-10-25 03:59:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132900107     https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132900410 Fish are caught with hook and line, as well as poisoned with derris root. ]]> 2016-10-25 04:03:01 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132900410 Economic Activities https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132901177
  • The Penan trade with Kenyah people at the latter's longhouses 3 times annually, giving such things as hornbill feathers, wild latex, damar, and anteater scales. In return, they receive, at a disadvantageous rate, spearheads, knives, cookware, jewelry, matches, etc. Goods that they receive in trade are not shared. 
  • Barter System
  • Most trade is conducted with remote Kayan, Kenyah and Kelabit longhouse communities on the edge of the forest.
    • ]]>     2016-10-25 04:12:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132901177     https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132901589
  • A Penan, bringing baskets full of rotan to a Kenyah or Kayan longhouse to sell, may end up exchanging his produce for one bullet or shotgun cartridge. 
  • In his way of thinking, a bullet will kill one wild boar which will last his family 10 days.
    • ]]>     2016-10-25 04:17:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132901589     Knives https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132903725 Penan hunters carry with them two knives. One is called the poeh is large and used frequently. The darhad, the much smaller knife, is used for cutting meat, sharpening darts and some other works. ]]> 2016-10-25 04:41:49 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/132903725 SOCIETY STRUCTURE https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133186859
  • Penan society is organized around nuclear families and camp groups. 

    • In Penan society, the natives are highly developed in an egalitarian society and little gender division. It means that the social stratification among the men and women are almost equal. 

    ]]>     2016-10-25 22:48:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133186859     hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133198740 2016-10-26 00:50:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133198740 hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133199319
    • In Penan society proper social behavior is learned by example rather than by rigorous discipline, and the importance of sharing is instilled in children from the earliest age.
    ]]>     2016-10-26 00:56:07 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133199319     hidayahs95 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133199660 2016-10-26 00:59:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133199660 Hunting zhenloo93 https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133201957 Penan hunt by tracking, but February through to April they sometimes use a hunting technique called mejong. A hunter hides in a tree close to a fruiting tropical oak and waits for the evening when he can prey upon feeding bearded pigs.]]> 2016-10-26 01:18:24 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/133201957 Penan? More like Penis! https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/193493114 2017-10-03 15:35:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nikamaniehafizi/penantribe/wish/193493114