Culminating Project: Legal & Ethical Guide by Jazmin Franco https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e Module 7 en-us 2021-07-22 23:49:19 UTC 2024-05-16 20:05:24 UTC hello@padlet.com Slide 1 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1658736055 My name is Jazmin Franco and I am an elementary school counselor.  Before becoming a counselor I taught 5th grade bilingual education for six years.  This is the reason I chose English Language Learners (ELL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) as my topic.  As an ELL teacher, I felt that the systems we had in place were not enough and we were not serving our ELL students as best we could. I felt there was a a lack of support, resources, and a lack understanding of what ELL students are going through. This Legal Guide is for educators and administrators. ]]> 2021-07-22 23:56:55 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1658736055 Slide 2 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1658741535 1) It is important that all educators and administrators are well informed of the laws for the bilingual program.  12% of our campus population is made up of English Learners (TEA, 2019).  ELL STAAR performance is low.  According to the TAPR report (2019-2020) 36% of ELLs were at approaches for all grades and subjects, 11% of ELLs were at meets and only 1% in masters. 2) With these numbers and information, educators and administrators need to make sure they are following all bilingual education laws. They need to ensure that they are properly serving the ELL population or adjust accordingly.  Being in compliance is very important and highly beneficial for the whole campus and ELL population.  Not every ELL student is in a bilingual classroom.  This is why all teachers need to know the legalities and strategies to properly serve their ELL students.

Texas Education Agency. 2019-2020. Texas Academic Performance Report. ]]> 2021-07-23 00:03:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1658741535 Slide 3 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659046877 This serves as a great resource for educating ELL Students by providing tips and videos for educators. 

National Education Association & Colorín Colorado. (2021). Resources for Educating ELL Students. https://www.nea.org/professional-excellence/student-engagement/tools-tips/resources-educating-ell-students

]]> 2021-07-23 04:02:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659046877 Slide 4 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659067674 This article discusses how personalized learning for English Language Learners across the U.S. is beneficial. 
  • "U.S. students who speak foreign languages at home now total 4million (McIntyre, 2016).
  • Utah has invested $2 million per year for language immersion programs and have seen great improvements.
  •  The teaching methodology for ELL is still divided and continues to change.
  • A study from Stanford University Graduate School of Education and San Francisco has shown that bilingual instruction is best for ELL, but there is a national shortage of qualified bilingual teachers (McIntyre, 2016). 
  • Another effective approach has been to not separate ELL students but keep them in regular classrooms to participate in daily oral-language development. 
  • Schools are providing professional development for ELL teachers. 

McIntrre, Erin. (2016). Innovation in ELL bodes well for K-12 students. K-12 Dive. https://www.k12dive.com/news/innovation-in-ell-bodes-well-for-k-12-students/416365/
]]> 2021-07-23 04:24:49 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659067674 Slide 5 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659683752 This article explains ELL program funding.  
  • DeNisco (2015) states that "ELLs perform better academically and achieve greater language proficiency when they have high- quality English language instruction." and that "extra programs require additional funding."
  • States are provided grants from federal funding through Title III.
  • A survey done in 2012 displayed that funders were helpful but inefficient for ELL services.
  • "46 states provide additional funding dedicated to ELL education" (DeNisco, 2015). 
  • "34 states fund ELL programs through their state's primary funding formula" (DeNisco, 2015). 
  • Several states use funds that are outside of the state's primary funding formula for ELL programs.  Some districts are reimbursed by the state and other states do not provide funding for ELL services at all. 

DeNisco, Alison. 2015. How are ELL programs funded across states? District Administration. https://districtadministration.com/how-are-ell-programs-funded-across-states/

]]> 2021-07-23 22:21:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659683752 Slide 6 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659696904 Statutory Law
Texas Education Code (TEC) §29.051- §29.058 - Bilingual Education and ESL Programs

  • This law states that since English is the primary language of this state, public schools are responsible for providing full opportunities to students who do not speak English to learn how to read, write and speak in English and reach the same academic standards as their peers.  
  • The law requires that schools test students within the first four weeks of schools that may be considered to have a low English proficiency level.  If the district has more than twenty students with a low English proficiency level, they must offer Bilingual education or a special language program. 
  • A full time bilingual program must be established.  The program should be designed to consider the students’ culture and learning experiences.
  • Bilingual education should be provided within the same public school facilities and not singled out.
https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.29.htm#B

]]> 2021-07-23 23:06:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659696904 Slide 7 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697052 Judicial Law -- Castaneda v. Pickard, No. 79-2253 (1981).

A Mexican-American family, Roy Castaneda in southern Texas filed a case against Mrs. Pickard, the president of RISD for discriminatory practices towards Mexican American students and staff. 
  • Argued that there were not enough employees of Hispanic origin nor were they being promoted fairly.  
  • Misappropriation of funds towards the ELL program and that English Language Learners were not being served adequately. 
  • Teachers who were not prepared sufficiently to give ELL students proper instruction or meet their needs.  
  • As a result, the courts decided Bilingual education programs must be based on sound theory. 
  • Bilingual programs should be monitored for ineffectiveness and changed as necessary to meet the needs of the students. 
  • It is necessary to hire the necessary staff and provide effective resources (Castaneda v. Pickard, 1981). 


]]> 2021-07-23 23:07:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697052 Slide 8 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697086 Statutory Law -- Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

  • Title VI prohibits any discrimination based on race, color, or national origin in programs or activities in school that receive federal funding. 
  • It gives ELL students the right to participate and be given equal opportunities to participate in activities.
  • Title VI allows ELL students to be given valuable education and receive federal funding for valuable resources. 

https://www2.ed.gov/policy/rights/guid/ocr/raceoverview.html


]]> 2021-07-23 23:07:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697086 Slide 9 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697131 Administrative Law

Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 (ESSA). 

  • Ensures ELLs will attain English language proficiency and meet academic standards. 
  • Ensures that teachers and school leaders will implement effective language instruction specifically designed for English learners. 
  • Provides federal money to the states for EL students. 

]]> 2021-07-23 23:07:44 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697131 Slide 10 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697283 Local Law -
According to the Monahans High School handbook which serves the district, English learners from all grade levels will be tested to check their English proficiency and a Language Proficiency Assessment Committee (LPAC) will determine whether the student qualifies for services or not.  The LPAC committee is composed of district personnel and at least one parent representative.  Upon qualifying, a parent may consent or deny services.  If the parent agrees to receive instructional accommodations, the LPAC will place the student where they see fit in order for them to become more proficient in their grade level work in English.  The LPAC will monitor the student’s progress and continue with ongoing assessments.  They will also determine if any testing accommodations need to be made for STAAR, EOC, and TELPAS.  If an English learner receives special education services as well, their ARD committee will make assessment decisions in conjunction with the LPAC. (Monahans Handbook, 2020).

Monahans High School Handbook (2020 - 2021) https://s3.amazonaws.com/scschoolfiles/274/2020-21_mhs_student_handbook_for_publishing.pdf


]]> 2021-07-23 23:08:07 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697283 Slide 11 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697627 American School Counselor Association. (2016). ASCA Ethical Standards for School Counselors.
A. Responsibility to Students
A.1. Supporting Student Development 
Counselors should have a primary obligation to their students and respect their differences, uniqueness, culture and ethnicities. They should also value their parents/guardian and families. Counselors must not discriminate any student and help them all equally even if they speak a different language or come from a different cultural background. ELs should have the same opportunities to receive help from their counselor, as well as their parents. ]]> 2021-07-23 23:08:51 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697627 Slide 12 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697852 TEA - Supporting English Learners in Texas is a great resource specifically for English Language Learners.  It provides several tools to help teach ELLs, professional development videos, information regarding the bilingual program, addresses frequently asked questions and much more.  In addition, the website provides information for educators and parents.  ]]> 2021-07-23 23:09:20 UTC https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697852 Slide 13 jarriola12 https://padlet.com/jarriola12/r48bkh0ne6qbz69e/wish/1659697927 Best Practices for ELL Compliance 
  • Know your students.  Know which students in your classroom are ELLs. 
  • Be familiar with laws and regulations regarding ELL education.  
  • Acknowledge and respect the different cultures your students may bring to your classroom.  Familiarize yourself and make them feel safe. 
  • Do not single out any students for speaking a different language. 
  • Encourage parental involvement even if there is a language barrier.
  • Advocate for your students when you know the district is not providing adequate tools for your ELLs. 
  • Ask questions when you are not sure if you are doing something correctly in your classroom regarding your ELLs, check with your bilingual coordinator or administrator. 
  • Attend professional development opportunities to learn more about ELL students.

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