https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs Cengage Biology 15.1 en-us 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC 2026-01-16 18:58:40 UTC hello@padlet.com cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380364 ~discovered how some bacteria resist infection by bacteriophage
~have enzymes that chop up injected viral DNA before it integrates into bacterial chromosome
~discovery of restriction enzymes helped researchers:
1) cut chromosomal DNA into manageable chunks
2) combine DNA fragments from different organisms
How? Many restriction enzymes leave single-stranded tails on DNA fragments ]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380364 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380365 DNA molecule that can accept foreign DNA and be replicated inside a host cell]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380365 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380366 DNA molecule that contains genetic material from more than one organism]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380366 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380367 enzyme that uses mRNA as a template to make a strand of cDNA]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380367 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380368 set of methods that uses living cells to make many identical copies of a DNA fragment]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380368 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380370 type of enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380370 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380371 ~eukaryotic DNA contains introns
~not easy to determine which parts of eukaryotic DNA encode gene products
~start with mature mRNA, because introns are removed during post-transcriptional processing]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380371 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380372 ~excitement over discovery of DNA’s structure became to frustration
~no one could determine order of nucleotides in DNA
~identifying single base among lots turned was huge technical challenge]]> 2018-03-05 22:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238380372 cgdaniel811 https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238403311 DNA cloning uses living cells to mass-produce particular DNA fragments. Restriction enzymes cut DNA into fragments, then DNA ligase seals the fragments into cloning vectors. Recombinant DNA molecules result. A cloning vector that holds foreign DNA can be introduced into a living cell. When the host cell divides, it gives rise to huge populations of genetically identical cells (clones), each with a copy of the foreign DNA.]]> 2018-03-06 00:15:35 UTC https://padlet.com/cgdaniel811/qxqsj6yhypjs/wish/238403311