Republican Party-  the younger of two major political parties in the United States; GOP is an acronym for grand old party.
Historical Context: The Republican Party was founded in 1854.
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Secession- formal separation from an alliance or federation.
Historical Context: The secession of states in the South led to the Civil War.
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Confederate States of America-  the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861.
Historical Context: The Confederate States of America was formed in 1861 during February.
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Emancipation- freeing someone from the control of another.
Historical Context: The Emancipation Proclamation freed thousands of slaves from slavery.
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Habeas Corpus-  writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge.
Historical Context: Back during his term President Lincoln suspended the right of habeas corpus.
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Reconstruction- the activity of building something again.
Historical Context: The Reconstruction period in the United States took place after the Civil War.
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Impeachment- a formal document charging a public official with misconduct.
Historical Context: In the United States, President Johnson was the first president to be impeached.
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Ku Klux Klan- a secret society of white Southerners in the United States.
Historical Context: The Ku Klux Klan was very popular during segregation times.
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Poll Tax- a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote.
Historical Context: Poll tax was required in many states until 1966.
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Segregation-  the act of keeping apart.
Historical Context: Racial segregation ended in 1964 thanks to the Civil Rights Act.
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Capitalist- of an economic system based on private ownership.
Historical Context: Capitalist makes millions of dollars overtime.
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Siege- an action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place
Historical Context: There were many sieges during the Civil War.
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Emancipate-  free from slavery or servitude.
Historical Context: The Emancipation Proclamation emancipated all slaves in the United States.
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Inflation- a general and progressive increase in prices.
Historical Context: The inflation in prices can cause the number of consumers to go down.
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Draft- compulsory military service.
Historical Context: The first military draft was held in 1940.
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Martial Law- the body of law imposed by the military over civilian affairs (usually in time of war or civil crisis); overrides civil law.
Historical Context: Martial Law is only declared if a war becomes very severe.
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Famine- a severe shortage of food resulting in starvation and death.
Hitorical Context: People today still suffer due to famine.
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Urbanization- the social process whereby cities grow.
Historical Context: Urbanization in America began in 1790.
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Telegraph- apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire.
Historical Context: The first telegraph was invented in 1844.
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Ironclad- a wooden warship of the 19th century plated with armor.
Historical Context: On March 9, 1862, the first ironclad battle took place. 
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Discrimination- unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice.
Historical Context: Even though racial segregation ended a while ago, black people still receive discrimination.
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Casualty- someone injured or killed in an accident.
Historical Context: During the Civil War there were many casualties.
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