The ocean is one of Earth's most valuable natural resource. Oceans are considered flow resources because the water moves around the earth. The water is pushed by winds and by spinning of the earth on it's axis. Also, the ocean provides minerals. The minerals have to be mined. Some minerals found in the ocean are salt, sand, gravel, and some manganese, copper, nickel, iron, and cobalt . It is also drilled for crude oil. The ocean removes carbon from the atmosphere and provides oxygen.

Animal Food Pyramid

 

The most important life forms in the ocean are the smallest. Phytoplankyon are so tiny. These plants are able to take minerals out of that water. Zooplankton eat Phytoplankyon. Zooplankton are eaten by larger animals such as herring and blue whales. Flesh eating animals like sharks and dolphins eat the animals that eat Zooplankton.  

The process of cutting even just one tree, creates 60 to 123 percent more of damage. It is because when one mature tree is cut down, vines that grow between it and other trees 

causes it to pull down other trees beside it. Another reason why it is harmful is because machinery cutting down the mature tree, can seriously damage the nearby ones. Also, when the tree is cut down, the vines that have grown, causes other trees to lose stability.

There are many steps that lead to mining. Geologists used field surveys and maps to find possible locations of mineral deposits. Some samples are collected at the surface.In some cases minerals are identified by a low flying aircraft's lowering instruments. Core samples are drilled to find the quality of the mineral in the surrounding rock. Mining operations will only launch if there has been a valuable deposit that can be brought to the surface and shipped to customers for money. There two main types of mining and they are open-pit and underground. Mining is a very dirty business. Huge amounts of rock are blasted and dragged from the earth and crushed and refined. Mineral concentrations usually range from 1 percent upward to 30 percent, which is leaving big quantities of waste that are called mine tailing. A Lot of the waste is used to fill holes that were already mined. Dangerous compounds that are found in the rock can pollute lakes, rivers and groundwater's. Canadian mines had improved because now they cut down on air pollution and water pollution, and continuing  to reduce environmental impact of mining. Non renewable resources are those that they are gone forever once they are taken from the environment.

Open Pit Mining

Open pit mining is a surface mining technique where you extract minerals from an open pit.

Underground Mining

Underground mining is a technique of mining to extract hard minerals, especially those minerals which consist of metal such as ores containing silver, gold, iron, etc. However the use the same technique for gem mining like  diamonds.

Expansion:
Minerals in Oceans
The oceans provide us with many minerals. Some of those minerals are salt, sand, copper, nickel, iron, and cobalt. Humans mine the ocean floor for diamonds, gold, silver, metal ores like manganese nodules and gravel mines. Metal compounds, gravels, sands and gas hydrates are also mined in the ocean. Oceans are a great resource for providing minerals but mining the oceans can be devastating to the natural ecosystems. Dredging of any kind pulls up the ocean floor resulting in widespread destruction of marine animal habitats, as well as wiping out vast numbers of fishes and invertebrates. As minerals found on land are exploited and used up, mining of the ocean floor will increase. Deep sea mining is a relatively new mineral retrieval process that takes place on the ocean floor. Ocean mining sites are usually around large areas.

REDUCE:  making less waste, fewer stuff to go into the incinerator and making less will increase your health because a dangerous chemical goes into the air called dioxins  

 

 

 

 

REUSE: instead of throwing them away you can find other uses for them example: food scraps can be compose. Seeing if it still has a purpose/life in it. A computer can be upgraded and a car can be resold 

 

 

 

RECYCLE: old broken garbage can be made into new stuff example: jeans can be made into pencils key chains where soda cans

but is there 4?...




waste materials for the recovery of the energy values contained within the waste material such as BTUs or protein. 

Complex or mixed materials that cannot easily be recycled back into the raw commodity may be recovered for their energy values. 

 

 

Freshwater are important renewable resources.

There are two types of waters

 

 

 

Groundwater can turn polluted or depleted and most is used.

99 percent is freshwater and 1 percent is groundwater.

Most people rely on groundwater supplies of water. We need water and food to survive and groundwater are 1 percent is remainder,while most of the freshwater is stuck in form of glaciers and ice caps.

 

We mostly need water to drink,feed pets or animals in general  and plant trees.

 

   

 Some continents are going through drought

A new study by the David Suzuki foundation says Canada is not environmentally friendly. In fact, in the OECD, Canada is rated the 28th out of 30 worst country in the organization. The study looked at 29 different areas in Canada and rated Canada high in nuclear waste, carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds. It was 29th in water consumption per capita, sulfur oxide emissions and energy use. Canada failed 24 out of 29 categories and only Belgium and the US got lower grades.

 

In Canada, most of the greenhouse gases come from industry. Industry is the use of raw materials to make goods/products. Some goods that releases a lot of greenhouses gases when being made is plastic.

The greenhouse effect is when certain gases traps heat in the atmosphere, which warms the Earth. When people use plastics, they encourage the plastic industry. Also if people throw out plastic, it won’t go into the ground and it will stay there forever. Another nonrenewable good is gasoline. When gasoline is used in cars, it releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide traps heat from leaving the atmosphere, this causes global warming. Also if there is a lot of cars, there will be some smog. A key pipeline in Canada is the TransCanada pipeline. This pipeline transports natural gases. Natural gases are hydrocarbon compounds. This means natural gases are compounds with only hydrogen and carbon. A popular  natural gas is methane. Methane is a greenhouse gas and if methane leaks out of pipes it warms the Earth .

Logging industries cut down the trees to make products that use the woods natural strength and durability. The different trees being cut depends on the type of wood products produced. Selective logging is only cutting down the matured trees and leaving behind the younger trees. The cutting and transporting of the trees can damage half of the forest. Most companies don’t use selective logging because it’s too expensive and takes time to locate the matured trees.

Expansion:
Main forest industry subsectors

Solid wood product manufacturing: Firms in this area engage in both primary (such as softwood lumber and structural panels) and secondary (such as millwork and engineered wood products) manufacturing for domestic consumption and export. This subsector accounted for approximately 44% of the forest sector’s contribution to the Canadian economy in 2013.

Pulp and paper product manufacturing: Companies in this area produce a wide range of products, covering everything from newsprint and household tissues to dissolving pulp for rayon production. This subsector accounted for approximately 36% of the contribution of the forest sector to the Canadian economy in 2013.

Forestry and logging : Firms in this area are responsible for field operations and harvesting of timber, including felling and hauling it to the mill. In 2013, this sector accounted for 20% of the forest sector’s contribution to the Canadian economy.