.

All of these techniques were inherited from the Polish director Jerzy Grotowski, including the use of psychophysical conditioning exercises for actors, the “collaging” of texts, and the shaping of theatre space. 

        - music
        - dance 
        - abstract design 
        - poetic dialogue 
        - supernatural elements
        - breaking the 4th wall 
          * only some elements will be
             used at a time; not all at 
             once because selective 
             realism must still contain 
             most of the core elements 
             in basic realism

       - testified in front of the House
         Un-American Activities 
         Committee [investigative 
         committee made up of the US
         House of Representatives that
         investigated alleged disloyalty
         & subversive activities] 
         * testified because of his 
            "political leanings" 

        - where he first majored in 
          journalism & then later on 
          switched to English 

        - first Tony award for Best
          Author & became an 
          established playwright 

        - when Monroe & Miller first
          started experiencing issues
        - Monroe was taking drugs to
          help her both fall asleep &
          wake up
          * led to Monroe arriving late
            on set & barely remembering
            her lines
       - Monroe & Miller divorced
         shortly before the film's
         premiere in 1961
       - Monroe OD'ed 19 months later

        - considered among the 3
          foremost playwrights of 20th 
          century American Drama, 
          along with Arthur Miller &
          Eugene O'Neill 

         - closely reflected his own
           unhappy family background 
         - opened up a string of 
           successes 
           * A Streetcar Named Desire
                            (1947) 
           * Cat On A Hot Tin Roof 
                            (1955) 
           * Sweet Bird of Youth 
                            (1959) 

        - they called him shy, socially 
          awkward, & a loner that spent 
          most of his time at the 
          typewriter 

        - had a sister named Rose that
          was diagnosed with
          schizophrenia @ a young age
          * Rose had horrible results
             after a lobotomy & was
             institutionalized for the rest
             of her life
          * once Williams was
             financially stable, he had her
             moved to a private
             institution & gave her a
             percentage interest in
             several of his most
             successful plays [royalties
             were applied toward her
             care]

age 5 in Clarksdale, MS

        - The Zoo Story (1958) 
        - The Sandbox (1959) 
        - Who's Afraid of Virginia
          Woolf? (1962) 
        - A Delicate Balance (1966) 

        - his middle period comprised
          plays explored psychology of
          maturing, marriage, & sexual 
          relationships 

         - expelled from Lawrence 
           School in NJ 
         - dismissed in [less than a 
           year] from Valley Forge
           Military Academy in Wayne, 
           PA 
        - expelled from Trinity College 
          in Hartford, Connecticut 
          * skipping classes, refusing to
             attend compulsory chapel, 
             etc. 
       - left home at 18 because his 
         parents wanted him to 
         become a "corporate thug" & 
         didn't approve of his dreams in
         becoming a writer 
         * adoptive parents that he 
            never got along with 

        - John Osborne
          * wrote Look Back in Anger to
             express what it felt like to
             live in England during the
             1950s; impatience with the
             status quo, refusal to be
             involved with a bankrupt
             society, & an instinctive
             unity with lower classes
         * famous for the concept of
            "kitchen sink drama" [British
            cultural movement that
            developed in theatre, art,
            novels, film, & TV plays;
            protagonists usually could
            be described as Angry
Young Men
       - Kingsley Amis
         * wrote Lucky Jim, which 
            reacted against conventional
            British life, though he never 
            stated that was the purpose 

Fun Facts: 

The Miller family lost almost everything in the Wall Street Crash of 1929, and had to move from Manhattan to Flatbush, Brooklyn. After graduating high school, Miller worked a few odd jobs to save enough money to attend the University of Michigan. While in college, he wrote for the student paper and completed his first play, No Villain, for which he won the school's Avery Hopwood Award. He also took courses with playwright and professor Kenneth Rowe. Inspired by Rowe's approach, Miller moved back East to begin his career as a playwright.

 He earned widespread praise for Death of a Salesman, which opened on Broadway in 1949 and won the Pulitzer Prize along with multiple Tonys. He received more acclaim for his award-winning follow-up, The Crucible, which reflected his unwavering refusal to cooperate with the House Un-American Activities Committee. Miller's public life was painted in part by his rocky marriage to Hollywood sex symbol Marilyn Monroe. The playwright died in 2005 at the age of 89, leaving a body of work that continues to be re-staged internationally and adapted for the screen.