The Chesapeake Bay Watershed by Delaney Mickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz Transboundary Watershed Project - SOE 110 en-us 2019-07-13 16:38:47 UTC 2019-07-23 05:33:26 UTC hello@padlet.com Physical Parameters: Size & Volume of the Drainage djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046529 The Chesapeake Bay Watershed is the largest estuary in the United States and is home to over 17 million people (Federal, pg. 2).  The watershed is 64,000 square miles and is located in six states (Federal, pg 2).  The volume of the drainage of the Susquehanna river alone is half of the freshwater input into the Bay and comes with approximately 100 million metric tons of sediment (Goetz, et al, pg. 263).  According to Goetz and colleagues, "Because it is relatively shallow, just over 6 meters on average, the Chesapeake is rapidly flushed by tidal currents and freshwater inputs from its 168,000km2 watershed" (Goetz, et al, pg. 263).  The Chesapeake Bay Watershed is a large watershed that provides for not only the ecosystems, but a large amount of U.S. residents as well.
References:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf  
Goetz, S. J., Jantz, C. A., Prince, S. D., Smith, A. J., Varlyguin, D., & Wright, R. K. (2004). Integrated analysis of ecosystem interactions with land use Change: The Chesapeake Bay watershed. Ecosystems and Land Use Change Geophysical Monograph Series, 263-275. doi:10.1029/153gm20]]> 2019-07-13 16:43:38 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046529 Physical Parameters: Current Precipitation & Projected Changes djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046562 Timothy Hawkins simulated the hydrology of the Chesapeake Bay to assess the projected changes in precipitation.  Currently, the Chesapeake Bay Watershed "average 10.8oC and 103.7 cm" (Hawkins, 2015) for temperature and precipitation. When considering the factor of climate change, "Annual total precipitation is projected to increase between 5.2 percent and 15.2 percent by 2080 to 2099, with the largest increases generally occurring in winter. Average evapotranspiration and rainfall are projected to increase while snowfall, snow water storage, and snowmelt decrease" (Hawkins, 2015). The changes in precipitation are worrisome for the watershed because it will likely cause a rise in sea level.
Reference:
Hawkins, T. W. (2015). Simulating the Impacts of Projected Climate Change on Streamflow Hydrology for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Annals of the Association of American Geographers,105(4), 627-648. doi:10.1080/00045608.2015.1039108]]> 2019-07-13 16:44:55 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046562 Physical Parameters: Water Quality Issues djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046563 According to the Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, "In 2009, however, water quality in the Bay was extremely poor, meeting only 24 percent of goals established by the Chesapeake Bay Program.  Stream quality in the watershed was also degraded, with 52 percent of the streams having a rating of poor or very poor" (pg. 4).  The water quality in the region is currently poor with “89 of the 92 segments of the Bay and its tidal waters are impaired” and the stream water quality rater the “Current condition: 45 percent of sampled streams rated fair, good, or excellent” (Federal, pg. 4).  This means that the majority of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed is filled with water that is significantly poor in the water quality.
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf]]> 2019-07-13 16:44:56 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046563 Social Parameters: Residents Reliant upon the Watershed djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046565 There are currently over 17 million residents reliant upon the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (Federal, pg. 11).  The Watershed is home to cities such as Washington D.C. and New York City. These cities alone have millions of residents who rely upon the water from the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf  ]]> 2019-07-13 16:45:02 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046565 Social Parameters: Water Usage djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046574 The Chesapeake Bay Watershed water is utilized by urban areas, agriculture, and residential developments.  The majority of the water being taken out of the watershed is for commercial or agricultural uses.  The majority of the water that re-enters the watershed is surface runoff.  "By combining land use, hydrologic processes, watershed position, soil P status, and N balance information for agricultural land, the major source areas for P and N are predictable and identifiable" (Pionke). By looking at specific agricultural areas within the watershed the researchers are able to gain a better understanding of the amount of surface runoff and the amount of additional nutrients being put into the watershed.
Reference:
Pionke, H. B., Gburek, W. J., & Sharpley, A. N. (2000). Critical source area controls on water quality in an agricultural watershed located in the Chesapeake Basin [Abstract]. Ecological Engineering,14(4), 325-335. doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(99)00059-2]]> 2019-07-13 16:45:14 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046574 Social Parameters: Threats to Water Security djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046696 One of the major social parameters and land uses of the region is urban development, however, the Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay mentions that another is agricultural lands.  According to the Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, “Of the approximately 8 million acres of agricultural working lands in high-priority watersheds, approximately 4 million acres are identified as having soils with the highest potential for leaching and runoff, which may affect water quality” (pg. 4).  This means that within the Chesapeake Bay area, a main concern would be how the agriculture and urban areas are using their water and treating the watershed.  If the water quality is already affected and “forests in the region are converted to other land uses at the rate of 100 acres each day” while farmland has lost approximately that many acres due to urban and residential development (Federal, pg. 7).  Between agricultural land and urban development, the Chesapeake Bay Watershed has drastically changed from its original state. 
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf]]> 2019-07-13 16:48:53 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046696 Major Land Uses: Urban djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046709 Over the last several decades, there has been an increase in urban development in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.  According to the article, Integrated Analysis of Ecosystem Interactions With Land Use Change, "watersheds and priority resource lands most vulnerable to future urbanization, as predicted with the land use change models, can be more adequately protected and negative impacts can be minimized" (Goetz et al, pg. 274).  The increase in urban development has altered the original landscape of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed region.
Reference:
Goetz, S. J., Jantz, C. A., Prince, S. D., Smith, A. J., Varlyguin, D., & Wright, R. K. (2004). Integrated analysis of ecosystem interactions with land use Change: The Chesapeake Bay watershed. Ecosystems and Land Use Change Geophysical Monograph Series, 263-275. doi:10.1029/153gm20]]> 2019-07-13 16:49:13 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046709 Political Conflicts djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046724 The Chesapeake Bay Program and the six states that utilize the Chesapeake Bay Watershed are fighting to continue to receive federal funding for the program.
Reference:
WJZ. (2017, June 08). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZIScXBQVPo]]> 2019-07-13 16:49:37 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046724 Ecosystem Change: Urbanization djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046738 According to the Urbanization and the Loss of Resource Lands in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed journal article based out of the Environmental Management Journal, "Within the watershed, we observed a 61% increase in developed land (from 5,177 to 8,363 km2). Most of this new development (64%) occurred on agricultural and grasslands, whereas 33% occurred on forested land. Some smaller municipalities lost as much as 17% of their forest lands and 36% of their agricultural lands to development, although in the outlying counties losses ranged from 0% to 1.4% for forests and 0% to 2.6% for agriculture" (Jantz, Goetz, & Jantz).  This was based on their in-depth map study of the Chesapeake Bay region and the change in satellite map images from 1990 to 2000.  This urbanization of the region has resulted in a signification amount of habitat loss and habitat fragmentation. 
Resource:
Jantz, P., Goetz, S. & Jantz, C. Environmental Management (2005) 36: 808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0315-3]]> 2019-07-13 16:49:58 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046738 Ecosystem Change: Pollution djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046743 TJ Cooney released a short documentary on Pollution in the Chesapeake Bay and the effects it has had on the Chesapeake Bay Crabbing Industry. This documentary mentions the effects both farming and cities have had on the health and water quality of the Chesapeake Bay.
Reference: 
Cooney, T. (2011, December 16). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqUK2oS6bzc]]> 2019-07-13 16:50:10 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046743 2. Restoring the Bay djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046764 The Chesapeake Bay Program is focused on returning the Chesapeake Bay to its former glory.  This program wants to make the residents of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed more environmentally sustainable through conservation and habitat recovery.  The program also incorporates the idea of social responsibility for the residents of the Bay region and those who may not realize they are a part of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. The members and advocates for the Chesapeake Bay Program are either residents of the watershed who feel a social responsibility to better the Bay for the future, both ecologically and for the next generations. Due to the loss of fisheries and industries from the poor water quality, this restoration effort is focused on aiding the economic vitality of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed and its residents.
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf
Program, C. B. (2018, December 08). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og4gYUR_m94
]]> 2019-07-13 16:50:44 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046764 1. Executive Order 13508 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046766 In May of 2009, President Obama issued Executive Order 13508 which is intended "to protect and restore the health, heritage, natural resources, and social and economic value of the nation's largest estuarine system and the natural sustainability of its watershed" (Federal, pg. 1).  The Executive Order is simultaneously focused on the triple-bottom line of environmental sustainability, social responsibility, and economic vitality.  The Executive Order has four main goals: "Restore Clean Water, Recover Habitat, Sustain Fish and Wildlife, and Conserve Land and Increase Public Access" (Federal, pg. 3). The Restore Clean Water goal is to decrease the pollutants that reach the Chesapeake Bay and to improve the water quality which is both environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. The focus of the Recover Habitat goal is to "Restore a network of land and water habitats to support priority species and to afford other public benefits, including water quality, recreational uses and scenic value across the watershed" (Federal, pg. 5). The Recover Habitat goal will be both environmentally sustainable and socially responsible by protecting the land and water for the current ecosystems and species as well as the future generations of humans and species. The Sustain Fish and Wildlife objective is both environmentally sustainable as well as economically valuable. The goal is to "Sustain healthy populations of fish and wildlife, which contributes to a resilient ecosystem and vibrant economy" (Federal, pg. 6). The final goal to Conserve Land and Increase Public Access meets all of the triple bottom line factors. The goal is to "Conserve landscapes to maintain water quality, habitat, sustainable working forests, farms and maritime communities; and cultural, community and indigenous values. It will also expand public access to the Bay and its tributaries through the existing and new federal, state, and local parks, refuges, reserves, trails and partner sites" (Federal, pg. 7). Executive Order 13508 is a solution in progress for bringing the Chesapeake Bay Watershed back to what it once was.
References:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf]]> 2019-07-13 16:50:53 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046766 3. Subsurfer Solution djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046768 A solution that is agriculture focused is the subsurfer solution. This has been tested within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed and shows promise for reducing the amount of surface runoff of additional nutrients from manure and fertilizer. This will be a solution that benefits the environment, the people, and the economy. By reducing the amount of additional nutrients entering the watershed, the process of manure spreading is becoming more environmentally sustainable. The farmers are becoming more socially responsible for the way in which they are interacting with the land and the watershed. The idea of a subsurfer solution is an economic vitality because it allows the farmers to continue their way of life and earn their living while leaving a smaller footprint on the watershed.
Reference:
Wpsu. (2011, April 25). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6IHAS4Ng6o]]> 2019-07-13 16:50:56 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371046768 Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804499 2019-07-21 20:22:05 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804499 Cline, Ernest. (2011). Ready Player One. New York: Crown Publishers. Print. djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804521 2019-07-21 20:22:36 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804521 Official Trailer djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804944 Competition was one major theme that became evident to me when reading Ready Player One.  The impact of competition was noticeable from the minute Wade began discussing Halliday’s Egg and the hunt that would ensue.  When comparing Ready Player One to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, I found that competition was present in both the book and the watershed. 
Reference: 
Pictures, W. B. (2017, December 10). Retrieved July 21, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSp1dM2Vj48 ]]> 2019-07-21 20:32:24 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804944 Pictures, W. B. (2017, December 10). Retrieved July 21, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSp1dM2Vj48 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804970 2019-07-21 20:33:35 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804970 Theme: Competition djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804978 The competition for land within the Chesapeake Bay region and Ready Player One are fairly similar.  Ernest Cline uses Wade’s thoughts to mention how his world became what it is now.  He states: “Our tribes got much bigger, and we spread across the entire planet like an unstoppable virus.  Then, after fighting a bunch of wars with each other over land, resources, and our made-up gods, we eventually got all of our tribes organized into a ‘global civilization.’… Also, it turns out that burning those fossil fuels had some nasty side effects, like raising the temperature of our planet and screwing up the environment” (Cline, pg. 24-25).  The competition factor is present even before Wade’s search begins and it directly connects back to what is occurring in our own world today.  
Reference:
Cline, Ernest. (2011). Ready Player One. New York: Crown Publishers. Print.]]> 2019-07-21 20:33:55 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371804978 Direct Connection to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805087 In connection to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, our desire to be better than those around us has lead us to make unsustainable decisions and has caused conflict between groups of individuals and nations.  The current status of the Bay region is a precursor to what happens in the book.  It may not be to this extent within our lifetime, but Cline’s depiction of the future of our planet is alarming and should not be taken lightly.  Another example of competition within Ready Player One is the friendship and rivalry between Wade and Aech.  Cline states “Over the years, a friendly rivalry had gradually developed between us” (Cline, pg. 59).  Wade and Aech seem to be held together by their rivalry within their quest to find Halliday’s egg.  The presence of competition can be seen throughout the book and the quality of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
References:
Cline, Ernest. (2011). Ready Player One. New York: Crown Publishers. Print.
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf  ]]> 2019-07-21 20:37:47 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805087 Competition Connection: Ready Player One djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805283 The Chesapeake Bay Watershed is located in Delaware, Maryland, New York, West Virginia, Virginia, and Pennsylvania and is approximately 64,000 square miles and the Bay (Federal, pg. 11).  Within this region, there is the drive to expand and build faster than those around you.  Through the rapid expansion of the region, both today and through the last century, there has been a decline in the health and water quality of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.  According to the Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, “Poorly planned development increasingly pressures both natural and cultural lands. Forests in the region are converted to other land uses at the rate of 100 acres each day. Cropland and pasture land in the Chesapeake Bay watershed have also been influenced by alternative land uses, with approximately 100 acres a day lost to development between 1982 and 2003” (Federal, pg. 7). The competition for land within the Chesapeake Bay region and Ready Player One are fairly similar. 
References:
Cline, Ernest. (2011). Ready Player One. New York: Crown Publishers. Print.
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf  

]]> 2019-07-21 20:43:21 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805283 Map of the Watershed djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805422 The Chesapeake Bay Watershed is located in Delaware, Maryland, New York, West Virginia, Virginia, and Pennsylvania and is approximately 64,000 square miles and the Bay (Federal, pg. 11). 
References:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf
Photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Chesapeakewatershedmap.png/350px-Chesapeakewatershedmap.png ]]> 2019-07-21 20:47:33 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371805422 Jantz, P., Goetz, S. & Jantz, C. Environmental Management (2005) 36: 808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0315-3 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371807061 2019-07-21 21:23:50 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371807061 Goetz, S. J., Jantz, C. A., Prince, S. D., Smith, A. J., Varlyguin, D., & Wright, R. K. (2004). Integrated analysis of ecosystem interactions with land use Change: The Chesapeake Bay watershed. Ecosystems and Land Use Change Geophysical Monograph Series, 263-275. doi:10.1029/153gm20 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371809353 2019-07-21 21:50:14 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371809353 Introduction to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371942609 Nutrien released a video this past January that introduces the Chesapeake Bay Watershed to those who live there.  The video discusses how many people utilize the watershed and how you should be aware of the amount of water you are using.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuNBP3UYykg 
Reference:
Nutrien. (2019, January 02). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuNBP3UYykg]]> 2019-07-22 22:15:07 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371942609 Nutrien. (2019, January 02). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuNBP3UYykg djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371943624 2019-07-22 22:28:56 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371943624 Cooney, T. (2011, December 16). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqUK2oS6bzc djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371944895 2019-07-22 22:42:55 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371944895 Agriculture djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371945638 NASA released a video in 2016 that show the strides that farmers are making to better protect the land and the watershed. The video explains the change in land management that have allowed for less runoff and sediment erosion. If farmers continue to take notice of their efforts and work to conserve water and soil, then the future of the watershed will be better off. It will take a collective effort and a far less competitive mindset to achieve the goal of a more healthy Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
Reference:
NASAEarthObservatory. (2016, November 30). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzPkK1JQ7c8&t=1s]]> 2019-07-22 22:52:31 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371945638 NASAEarthObservatory. (2016, November 30). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzPkK1JQ7c8&t=1s djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371945731 2019-07-22 22:54:17 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371945731 Program, C. B. (2018, December 08). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og4gYUR_m94 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371947351 2019-07-22 23:15:12 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371947351 Ecosystem Change: Species Diversity djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371974011 One of the major challenges within the watershed is the ecosystem and species diversity change.  There are more than 250 fish species and 300 bird species that are found throughout the watershed (Federal, pg. 6).  According to the Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, “Habitat loss as a result of poor water quality, land use and urbanization, climate change, and other human activities is threatening the sustainability of fish and wildlife species… Over 5,000 miles of fish spawning habitat on Bay tributaries remain blocked buy man-made obstructions” (pg. 6).  The human interactions with the land have altered the ecosystem and species diversity within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf
]]> 2019-07-23 02:42:33 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371974011 Ecological Parameters djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371974979 The ecological parameters of the area include migratory areas for fish populations of the Atlantic Coast and birds that migrate along the Atlantic Flyway (Federal, pg. 5).  The Chesapeake Bay Watershed consists of wetlands, forests, and many streams that are critical for fish migration and reproduction.
Reference:
Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay. Strategy for Protecting and Restoring the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Executive Summary. Federal Leadership Committee for the Chesapeake Bay, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2019. https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo24653/file.pdf]]> 2019-07-23 02:47:48 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371974979 Hawkins, T. W. (2015). Simulating the Impacts of Projected Climate Change on Streamflow Hydrology for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(4), 627-648. doi:10.1080/00045608.2015.1039108 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371986881 2019-07-23 04:18:06 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371986881 WJZ. (2017, June 08). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZIScXBQVPo djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371990565 2019-07-23 04:44:44 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371990565 Competition for Jobs djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991086 This video shows one man's perspective of the competition within the Pumping Industry in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed area.  This connects back to the theme of competition that is present throughout the book Ready Player One.
References:
Cline, Ernest. (2011). Ready Player One. New York: Crown Publishers. Print.
PumperMagazine. (2019, July 17). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7VeoDViwpo]]> 2019-07-23 04:51:02 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991086 PumperMagazine. (2019, July 17). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7VeoDViwpo djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991136 2019-07-23 04:51:44 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991136 Wpsu. (2011, April 25). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6IHAS4Ng6o djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991821 2019-07-23 05:00:03 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371991821 Pollution & Eutrophication djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993079 This NASA video shows the work that is being done to monitor the Chesapeake Bay and its water quality.
Reference:
NASAeClips. (2010, March 18). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htggO_QOIEc]]> 2019-07-23 05:13:36 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993079 NASAeClips. (2010, March 18). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htggO_QOIEc djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993232 2019-07-23 05:15:39 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993232 Pionke, H. B., Gburek, W. J., & Sharpley, A. N. (2000). Critical source area controls on water quality in an agricultural watershed located in the Chesapeake Basin [Abstract]. Ecological Engineering, 14(4), 325-335. doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(99)00059-2 djmickelsen https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993768 2019-07-23 05:23:53 UTC https://padlet.com/djmickelsen/qrsbsokajoxz/wish/371993768