There was also a time of change, known as the Enlightenment, where it was concluded that the states would be run reason, over faith. Religion is always allowed to be practiced in the states, but there would be a limitation for just how much faith had power over reason and what really was. John Locke had stated that the government should protect natural human rights.

The Baron of Montesquieu established there to be three branches of government to protect the interference of one political decision from another. It was established to have the liberty and freedom to have a separation of powers.

Popular Sovereignty allows the people to give power and elect who will govern, which leaves the authority with the people of the nation. This ensures the will of the people is reflected in who is in charge.

Limited Government:

There will only be limited power granted by the Constitution to government officials. This prevents any tyranny or government overreach to be at hand.

Separation Of Powers:

The Constitution divided the government into three branches of power. Legislative, Executive, Judicial all hold different power which prevents the possibility of a a singular branch gaining too much power.

Checks and Balance:

Each branch of government has the ability to limit the power of another branch to foster accountability and prevent abuse of power.

Federalism:

A separation of state government and national government. Allows local governance while ensuring unified national policy. Allows the address of local issues and while the national government can handle broader concerns. The Federal government has a difference in powers as well.Enumerated Powers are powers that are specifically granted to the federal government. Reserved Powers are powers that are reserved for the states and not handled by the federal government. Concurrent Powers are both shared by the states and the federal government.

The Legislative Branch- establishes a Congress consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate which defines their powers, including law-making, taxation, and regulating commerce.

Article II:

The Executive Branch- defines the role and powers of the President and the executive branch, including enforcing laws, conducting foreign affairs, and serves as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

Article III:

The Judicial Branch- establishes the Supreme Court and other federal courts, outlining their powers to interpret laws and make out right from wrong.

Article IV:

Addresses the interactions between the states, including the Full Faith and Credit Clause. This requires the states to recognize the laws and judicial proceedings of other states.

Article V:

The Amendments Outline the process for amending the Constitution, requiring a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress or a constitutional convention called by two-thirds of state legislatures.

Article VI:

Talks about the Supremacy Clause which establishes that the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land, requiring state judges to adhere to the Constitution, even if state laws disagree.

Article VII:

Specifies the process for the ratification of the Constitution, requiring approval from nine of the thirteen states for there to any process.

Guarantees the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

Second Amendment:

Protects the right to keep and bear arms.

Third Amendment:

Stops the quartering of soldiers in private homes without consent during peacetime.

Fourth Amendment:

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. The government requires warrants to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause.

Fifth Amendment:

Provides for the rights of individuals accused of crimes, including protection against double jeopardy and self-incrimination, and guarantees due process.

Sixth Amendment:

Ensures the right to a fair trial, including the right to a speedy trial, an impartial jury, and the right to counsel.

Seventh Amendment:

Guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases.

Eighth Amendment:

Prohibits excessive bail and fines, as well as cruel and unusual punishments.

Ninth Amendment:

Asserts that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not mean that other rights do not exist.

Tenth Amendment:

Affirms that powers not delegated to the federal government nor prohibited to the states.

Eleventh Amendment:

Limits lawsuits against states in federal courts.

Twelfth Amendment:

Revises the procedure for electing the President and Vice President.

Thirteenth Amendment:

Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude.

Fourteenth Amendment:

Grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. and equal protection under the law.

Fifteenth Amendment:

Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color, or previous conditions of servitude.

Sixteenth Amendment:

Allows Congress to impose an income tax without apportioning it among the states.

Seventeenth Amendment:

Establishes the direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.

Eighteenth Amendment:

Prohibits the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquors.

Nineteenth Amendment:

Grants women the right to vote.

Twentieth Amendment:

Changes the dates for the start of presidential and congressional terms.

Twenty-First Amendment:

Repeals the Eighteenth Amendment, ending Prohibition.

Twenty-Second Amendment:

Limits Presidents to have only two terms in office.

Twenty-Third Amendment:

Grants residents of Washington, D.C. the right to vote in presidential elections.

Twenty-Fourth Amendment:

Prohibits poll taxes in federal elections.

Twenty-Fifth Amendment:

Addresses presidential succession and disability.

Twenty-Sixth Amendment:

Lowers the voting age to 18 years.

Twenty-Seventh Amendment:

Prohibits changes to congressional pay from taking effect until after the next election.