SECTION

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

   a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

   b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

   c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

1. Sir Gawain

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

3. King Arthur

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

6. Morgan le Faye

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

1. Romantic chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

a. Greetings between characters

When I read the story, I noticed that greetings were always formal and filled with respect. Characters bowed, spoke politely, and seemed to value courtesy as much as strength. It felt like every meeting was a chance to show honor and good manners, which made me realize how deeply politeness was tied to a knight’s reputation.

b. Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle

When Gawain met the lord, I could tell there was immediate mutual respect. The lord welcomed him warmly and even offered a deal where they’d exchange what each gained during the day. For me, it showed how trust and keeping one’s word were key parts of knightly honor.

c. Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle

The lady greeted Gawain with charm and playful conversation, but I could see she was testing him. She pushed boundaries just enough to challenge his loyalty to her husband. I admired how Gawain managed to stay polite without giving in to temptation, balancing courtesy with integrity.

2. Romantic chivalry vs. modern chivalry

To me, romantic chivalry in the medieval sense feels like a mix of bravery, loyalty, religious devotion, and idealized respect for women. Modern chivalry is a lot simpler—it’s more about kindness, equality, and everyday respect without the strict codes of honor. Nowadays, being chivalrous doesn’t mean following a knight’s rulebook; it just means treating people well.

3. Christian references or symbolisms

1.The pentangle on Gawain’s shield stood for the five knightly virtues, which reminded me of Christian moral values.

2. Gawain’s prayer to the Virgin Mary showed how much knights depended on divine help.

3. The three days of testing felt like a biblical trial, where resisting temptation mattered just as much as fighting.

4. Gawain’s confession before meeting the Green Knight reflected the Christian belief in repentance.

5. The Green Chapel felt like a place of judgment, similar to the Last Judgment where truth comes out.

4. Symbolism of the green lace/girdle

For me, the green girdle first stood for Gawain’s fear of death and his human weakness—he took it for protection instead of fully trusting in God. After the Green Knight forgave him, it became a reminder of his imperfection. But in the end, when the other knights wore it too, it turned into a shared symbol of humility rather than shame.

5. Importance of adventure in the Arthurian mythos

I think adventure is the heart of the Arthurian stories because it’s where knights prove who they really are. It tests not just their strength but their morals, loyalty, and courage. Every quest they take brings honor to themselves, King Arthur, and the Round Table.

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

1. Sir Gawain

When I think of Sir Gawain, I see him as the ideal knight—or at least that’s what I thought at first. In Arthurian lore, he’s known for his loyalty, bravery, and courtesy, which made him one of the most respected members of the Round Table. In the story, though, I saw his human side. He’s polite and honorable, but he also struggles with fear and temptation, especially when he takes the green girdle to save his life. For me, that made him feel real—not just a perfect knight, but a man who tries to live up to impossible standards.

2. The Green Knight

The Green Knight was one of the most mysterious characters I’ve ever read about. In Arthurian lore, he’s often connected to magic, nature, and tests of character. In the story, he’s this huge, intimidating figure—completely green from head to toe—who rides into King Arthur’s court with a strange challenge. At first, he seems almost inhuman, but by the end, I realized he was testing Gawain’s honesty and courage, not just his fighting skill. I liked how his presence felt like a living symbol of nature’s power and moral judgment.

3. King Arthur

King Arthur in the story is still the noble and legendary leader I’ve read about in other Arthurian tales, but here he feels more approachable. In lore, he’s the ultimate ruler—wise, just, and courageous. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, he’s curious and adventurous, encouraging his knights to take on challenges like the Green Knight’s game. I noticed he valued honor and reputation, but he also seemed genuinely proud of Gawain for facing the trial, even with its flaws.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

Lord Bertilak seemed like the perfect host when Gawain first met him—generous, cheerful, and full of life. In the story, he welcomes Gawain into his home, offers him food and shelter, and proposes their hunting-and-exchange bargain. Later, I learned he was actually the Green Knight in disguise, which blew my mind. Looking back, I can see how his friendly personality was part of a bigger test, making me realize he was clever, strategic, and more than just a “side character.”

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

Lady Bertilak was one of the most intriguing characters for me. In Arthurian lore, ladies often play the role of temptresses or testers, and she fit that perfectly. In the story, she’s beautiful, charming, and persistent, visiting Gawain’s chamber and pushing him to accept her advances. I could tell she was part of the test, but she played her role so well that it made Gawain’s situation even more difficult. She reminded me that temptation in chivalry isn’t always about battle—it’s about moral choices too.

6. Morgan le Faye

Morgan le Faye has always been a fascinating figure in Arthurian legends—a powerful sorceress, often portrayed as Arthur’s half-sister and sometimes his enemy. In this story, she’s revealed to be the mastermind behind the entire challenge, using her magic to disguise Bertilak as the Green Knight. Her goal was to test Arthur’s knights. Even though she doesn’t appear much in the story, her influence is everywhere, and to me, she represents the unpredictable, mystical side of the Arthurian world.

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

I would say that the knights behave politely toward one another and the other visitors to the castle, as it reflects their "code." It was also seen when the Green Knight first appears in the castle, he praises King Arthur's court for having a reputation of not just bravery but courtesy that made him challenge it. In King Arthur's court, politeness is the standard.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

When Sir Gawain arrives at the lord's castle, they warmly welcome him with generosity, offering him food and shelter. This greatly reflects the chivalric duty of a host to treat guests with honor. Chivalry is also seen when the lord of the castle proposes a challenge for Sir Gawain; for 3 days, the lord will give him something in exchange for whatever Sir Gawain will receive inside the castle, and Sir Gawain accepted it. This scenario tests Sir Gawain's honesty and commitment, which reflects the knightly ideal of truthfulness and loyalty in their "code."

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

This encounter with the lady of the castle is a complex test for Sir Gawain's chivalry. The lady's flirtation with Sir Gawain serves as a deliberate challenge to his virtue. Despite all the tactics and the charm of the lady, Sir Gawain manages to balance politeness with moral integrity; he never insults her, but he also never fully gives in. Not until she offers him the green girdle, which greatly compromises his honesty, which is against to their chivalric ideals.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

In the past, romantic chivalry was focused on gender, with males serving as protectors and women as idealized representations of virtue. However, in the present, this is no longer the case. Nowadays, everyone—men and women—equally. In order to create wholesome connections between spouses, chivalry today emphasizes reciprocal care and obligations.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• The Pentangle- it represents the five virtues of the knights which is also connected to five wounds of Christ. It was made to somehow give protection to Sir Gawain as he embarks to his journey of finding the Green Chapel.

• Christmas- which is one of the Christian holidays that reflects a time for spiritual reflection for Christians.

• Mary- which Sir Gawain prays to and guided him to a shelter. It was made to show that faith and prayer can lead you to good thing.

• Saint Julian- Saint of Travelers whom you can pray to when you are finding a shelter or safety on your journey.

• The Confession- which represents one of the key sacrament of Christianity.

  
  

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

At first it represents hope for Sir Gawain, as it is said that it will protect him. Then, as the Green Knight discovers his dishonesty, it now represents Sir Gawain's cowardice and dishonesty as a knight. In the later part of the story, the green girdle represents the knight's love and support for Sir Gawain.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

For the knights, it is important because it allows them to uphold their identity as knights, to utilize and to demonstrate their chivalric traditions. Through an adventure, the knights' bravery, honor, loyalty, and faith are put to the test. The knights will be able to preserve these principles by setting off on an adventure.

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

In Arthurian lore, he is one of the most prominent knights of the Round Table; he is known as a symbol of loyalty, as it was seen in his loyalty to his uncle, King Arthur. He is also associated with the "sun" because it was said that his strength is connected to the sun's position. In the story, Sir Gawain describes himself as the lowest knight because he did not yet prove himself, but when he accepts the Green Knight's challenges to protect King Arthur's honor, he is now described as courteous and loyal. Although he is not a perfect character, but a flawed one, he is as remarkable as ever because of his relatable nature and self-awareness.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

As a distinct character in the narrative and a change from the traditional Arthurian antagonist in his function as the "challenger" to put the knights to the test, the Green Knight stands in for literal power. In the story, as he appears to King Arthur's court, he is described as a giant-like figure, entirely green, and carries an axe. This feature of him automatically represents his supernatural being, which is also proven as he detaches his head from his body after being beheaded.

3. King Arthur

In Arthurian lore, he is a representation of a legendary king, the one who established Camelot and the Round Table. He is the epitome of the true nature of a brave warrior and a wise leader. In the story, he is portrayed as a "bored" king who is initially eager for an adventure to happen. He is the one who accepts the challenge of the Green Knight at first, which demonstrates his courage. He is also seen as a kind uncle to Sir Gawain, as he told the other knights to wear the green lace as a sash to show love for Sir Gawain.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

As demonstrated when he invited Sir Gawain to his castle, Lord Bertilak is a kind and hospitable individual. He has a big, bushy beard and is a strong, hospitable, and an interesting man. He comes across as a kind host when he challenges Sir Gawain to trade winnings every day for three days. His personality as a lord of the castle is somewhat at odds with his identity as the Green Knight himself, which is revealed later in the narrative. Also, it is Morgan le Fay's sorcery that transforms him to be the Green Knight.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

Lady Bertilak serves as Sir Gawain's temptation. More beautiful than Queen Guinevere, she is said to be. She deftly seduces Sir Gawain when he is staying at the castle. A crucial component of the moral dilemma that Sir Gawain encountered, which caused him to compromise his knightly vows, was Lady Bertilak.

6. Morgan le Faye

She is known as a powerful sorceress in Arthurian lore and King Arthur's half sister. In the story, Morgan le Faye was seen as an old woman in the castle at first. But later, it was revealed that she is the one behind the idea of the Green Knight challenging the knights in King Arthur's court. She is the one responsible for the transformation of Lord Bertilak into the Green Knight. Her motive for her idea is to test the knights in King Arthur's court.

BSED-English 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another.

The greetings in the story are a perfect example of romantic chivalry. They're never just a simple the word hello. Instead, characters like Gawain and the Green Knight, or Gawain and the lord of the castle, exchange elaborate, polite greetings that are filled with respect and deference. They use formal titles, bow, and offer one another hospitality. It's about showing that you recognize the other person's status and worth, and that you're committed to the social code that governs their interactions. It’s almost like a formal dance, where every step and word has a specific meaning.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle.

Gawain’s encounter with Bertilak, the lord of the castle, is a masterclass in chivalric courtesy. Gawain is a guest, and Bertilak is an incredibly generous host. Their pact where they exchange whatever they win during the day is the ultimate expression of this. They treat each other with great respect and generosity, almost like brothers. They are both knights of high standing, and their behavior towards each other is a showcase of what the chivalric ideal looks like when it's at its best. It's about loyalty, honesty, and treating others as you would want to be treated.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

This is where things get really interesting, and a little tricky for Gawain.

The lady of the castle represents a different, and perhaps more dangerous, kind of romantic chivalry the courtly love tradition. She tries to tempt Gawain and test his loyalty and virtue. Gawain's responses show him trying to navigate the complex rules of chivalry: he has to be polite and deferential to a lady of the court, but he also has to remain faithful to his host and his own principles. He uses courtly language and polite excuses to avoid her advances, demonstrating the tension between the knight's duty to his host and his duty to be courteous to a lady.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

I think the biggest difference is that romantic chivalry, as seen in "Sir Gawain," is based on a rigid, formalized code of conduct. It's all about public reputation, honor, and loyalty to a specific lord or king. Modern "chivalry," if we can even call it that, is much more about individual kindness and respect. We don't have to follow a strict set of rules about how to greet people or what to say to a lady. Instead, we have a more generalized idea of being a good person, which includes things like respect for everyone regardless of gender, class, or status. The core idea of treating others well is still there, but the specific behaviors and social structures around it have completely changed.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

The story is deeply rooted in Christian symbolism. Here are a few that stand out to me:

1. The Pentangle:The pentangle on Gawain's shield is explicitly a symbol of his Christian virtues. Each of the five points represents five different things: his five senses, his five fingers, his faith in the five wounds of Christ, his faith in the five joys of Mary, and the five knightly virtues (generosity, fellowship, purity, courtesy, and pity). This symbol is there to show that Gawain's chivalry isn't just a social code; it's a reflection of his deep Christian faith.

2. The Christmas/New Year's setting: The story begins and ends around the Christmas season, a time of rebirth, grace, and judgment. This sets up the story as a spiritual test for Gawain. The Green Knight's challenge, and the journey that follows, are framed as a kind of spiritual journey to test Gawain's faith and virtue.

3. The Confession: When Gawain is in the Green Chapel, he confesses his sin of accepting the girdle to a priest. This act of confession and repentance is a central part of Christian faith. It's through this confession that he seeks forgiveness, even though he still feels shame for his failure.

4. The Virgin Mary: Gawain's shield also features an image of the Virgin Mary on the inside. This shows his devotion to her and his reliance on her as a source of protection and purity. In the Christian tradition, Mary is seen as the ultimate symbol of purity and grace, and Gawain's devotion to her reflects his own desire to live a pure and honorable life.

5. The Green Chapel as a kind of tomb/hell: The Green Chapel, far from being a beautiful church, is a mysterious, wild place that feels more like a tomb or a place of pagan sacrifice. This can be seen as a symbol of the place where Gawain has to confront his sin and his mortality. It's a place of judgment, where his spiritual integrity is put to the ultimate test.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

The green girdle is one od the perfect symbol because its meaning changes so dramatically throughout the story.

It is a symbol of magical protection. The lady of the castle gives it to Gawain, claiming it has the power to protect him from any harm/death. At this point, it represents a shortcut to safety and a betrayal of the chivalric ideal. Gawain knows he should trust in God and his own strength, not in a magical object, but his fear of death makes him take it.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian myth / order of knights?

Adventure is everything for the Arthurian myth. The whole point of the order of the Knights is to go out and test their virtue and courage against the world. Adventures aren't just for fun; they are a way for the knights to prove themselves and to uphold the ideals of their order. An adventure puts a knight in a situation where he has to choose between what's easy and what's right. Gawain’s adventure is the perfect example, it tests his honesty, his faith, his courage, and his loyalty.

BSE - ENG 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”, specifically with: 

1. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another.

• The knights strictly adhere to the code of conduct or chivalric code that governs their actions. As knights, they are also respected not only by one another but by those that surround them as well. They greet each other with respect and courtesy to demonstrate their chivalric nature. 

2. Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle.

• Chivalry was evident in Sir Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle. The lord welcomed him with hospitality. The lord fulfilled his duty as a host of his castle as he offered food as well as shelter to stay until Sir Gawain left to find Chapel Green. Chivalry was also presented in their “game” which would test their honesty and commitment to words.

3. Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle.

• Sir Gawain showed great chivalry with his encounter with the lady of the castle. He politely resisted her seductive acts. He is respectful with the lady but remained firm in rejecting her. However, his acceptance of the green girdle flawed his identity as a knight. 

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Romantic chivalry as a medieval concept was presented as the code of conduct for knights. The knights are obliged to be loyal to their lords and display valor because their honor is tied to his ability to adhere to the chivalric codes. In the modern social context, chivalry is no longer limited to certain gender, it is now a basic human decency that is shown in mutual respect and consideration for everyone. 

3. Give at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• The celebration of Christmas is a direct reflection of Christian values which honors Christ. The pentangle shield represents the five virtues of a knight, Christ’s five wounds, and Mary’s joys. Sir Gawain’s willingness to sacrifice himself in the game of the Green Knight mirrors the sacrifice of Christ to save humanity, which in this story, is the honor of the knights and King Arthur. Sir Gawain’s prayer to Saint Julian reflects the Christian value of seeking protection from the saint whom travelers often pray to for a safe journey. Lastly, the confession of Sir Gawain’s sins shows penance, a confession made with full honesty. 

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• The green lace, when it was first given to Sir Gawain by the lady of the castle, served as a protection for his encounter with the Green Knight . It was due to the girdle why Sir Gawain was only wounded and not killed as the Green Knight struck him for the third time. As the truth about the Green Knight’s identity was revealed, the girdle served as a symbol for his cowardice. In the Camelot, every knight wore a green band to share the weight of Gawain’s sins. By the end of the story, the girdle now served as a symbol for Sir Gawain's journey or adventure. 

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/order of knights? 

• Adventures in Arthurian mythos are essential for it is where the knights are given the chance to prove themselves. Each knight goes through an adventure that tests his loyalty, courage, and other chivalric virtues. Through the quest in search for the Holy Grail, the knights are challenged to face their weaknesses and find their personal identity while upholding a knight’s reputation. 

BSE - ENG 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters  based on the Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story. 

1. Sir Gawain

• Sir Gawain is a prominent figure among the Arthurian Knights who is also the nephew of King Arthur. He is depicted as a chivalric knight as he upholds the virtue of courage when he volunteered to take on the Green Knight’s challenge. However, he failed to fulfill his chivalric codes when he accepted the green girdle and kept it as a secret from the lord of the castle. He showed great honesty as he confessed his sins and cowardice as a form of penance. 

2. The Green Knight

• In the beginning, the Green Knight was described as a half-giant with his long loins and limbs. He is adorned in green, from his garments to his body. He played an essential role in challenging the knights through his "Christmas Jest”. He served as an agent of the test to challenge the pride and honor of the Arthurian Knights. 

3. King Arthur

• King Arthur ruled the Camelot as the head of the Arthurian Knights. He upholds wisdom, honor, and leadership which were evident in his Round Table where no one is above one another. He is also fond of adventurous events, as stated in the story, King Arthur would not eat until he has heard a wondrous tale or witnessed something adventurous which established the Arthurian mythos or adventures of the knights.  

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

• Lord Bernlak welcomes Sir Gawain in his castle with great hospitality. He proposed a game of exchanging their daily gift or wins which served as a test of Sir Gawain’s honesty and integrity as a knight. Later on, he was revealed to be the Green Knight, a central figure to test the Arthurian Knights. 

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

• Lady Bertilak was described as the fairest, is skin, in figure, and in face, even in height and color. She was a temptress whose primary role is to seduce Sir Gawain and test his loyalty. She used Sir Gawain’s fear of death to challenge  his chivalric virtues by offering the green girdle. 

6. Morgan le Faye

• Morgan le Faye is the step sister of King Arthur and aunt of Sir Gawain. She is a powerful sorceress, even more powerful than Merlin, the court wizard. In the story, she was first introduced as the old lady described as “yellow” with plenty of wrinkles. Later on, it was revealed that she orchestrated the Green Knight’s challenge to test the honor of the Knight’s Round Table.

  
  

BSED-English 3A

ENGL 513

1. Sir Gawain

In the beginning of the story, Sir Gawain is presented as the very picture of a perfect knight. He's young, handsome, and described as the most courteous and chivalrous of all the knights at King Arthur's court. He is also a devout Christian, as symbolized by the pentangle on his shield. However, what I find most compelling about him is his humility. When he takes up the Green Knight's challenge, he doesn't do it out of a desire for glory; he does it because he believes he is the least valuable knight at the Round Table, and his life is the most expendable. This act of humility is what sets him apart. .

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

The Green Knight is one of the most well known characters in literature. He is a truly imposing figure—larger than life, and completely green from his skin to his clothes to his horse. He is a force of nature, almost like a pagan god or a mythical forest spirit who has come to challenge the Christian, courtly world of Camelot. His challenge is both a game and a deadly serious test. He seems to represent the wild, untamed forces that lie just beyond the walls of civilization. He is also a trickster figure.

3. King Arthur

King Arthur in this story is a bit different from his more common portrayals. He is the ultimate leader and a symbol of his kingdom's greatness, but he's also somewhat young and hot-headed. When the Green Knight first arrives, Arthur is the one who steps up to the challenge, not because he's the best knight, but because he's the King. He's proud and a bit impulsive. However, when Gawain offers to take his place, Arthur shows his wisdom and grace by allowing it. He is a kind and generous ruler, deeply connected to his knights, and he feels genuine pain and fear for Gawain when he sets out on his quest. He represents the ideal of a chivalric king, but he's not without his human flaws.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

Lord Bertilak is the Green Knight in disguise, and I think he is one of the most fascinating characters. As the lord of the castle, he is the perfect host—charming, generous, and a skilled hunter. He treats Gawain with incredible hospitality and respect. He creates the "game" of the exchange of winnings, which on the surface seems like a friendly gesture of companionship. But, as we learn later, this whole persona is a carefully constructed part of the larger test.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

Lady Bertilak is the beautiful and alluring lady of the castle who tries to seduce Gawain. She is smart, quick-witted, and a great conversationalist. She represents a different kind of challenge for Gawain—one of courtly love and temptation. On the surface, she is just a beautiful, flirtatious woman testing a knight's virtue.

6. Morgan le Fay

Morgan le Fay, though she only appears briefly at the very end of the story, is the puppet master behind the entire plot. We learn from the Green Knight that she is the one who sent him to Arthur's court. Her motivation is twofold: to test the pride of the Round Table and to scare Guinevere to death. This paints her as a powerful sorceress and a schemer, a classic figure of myth and folklore. She represents a kind of dark, ancient magic that is in opposition to the chivalry and Christian fa

ith of Camelot.

BSE ENGLISH - 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" with how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another?

A. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

I notice that romantic chivalry shows in the polite way people greet each other. Even when the Green Knight arrived looking strange and threatening, King Arthur welcomed him with respect. It feels like courtesy mattered more than first impressions.

B. How does romantic chivalry present itself in Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle?

I see chivalry in how the lord of the castle treated Gawain. He was generous, offering comfort, food, and warmth. It gave me the sense that hospitality was an important part of honor.

C. How does romantic chivalry present itself in Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle?

With the lady of the castle, I think Gawain showed chivalry in a different way. He was polite and careful with his words while keeping his integrity. It made me realize that self-control is also a kind of respect.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

Chivalry in the story feels very formal and rule-bound, with honor and loyalty at its core. Today, it seems simpler, more about everyday respect and kindness without strict traditions.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made:

Pentangle on Gawain’s Shield – Represents truth and the five knightly virtues: friendship, generosity, chastity, courtesy, and piety.

Virgin Mary’s Image – A reminder of faith, placed inside his shield so he could look at it for courage.

Chapel Setting – The Green Chapel suggests a sacred place of judgment, linking the test to divine will.

Gawain’s Prayer for Shelter – Shows dependence on God for help and guidance in time of need.

New Year Meeting – Marks renewal and a fresh start, connecting Gawain’s moral lesson to Christian ideas of repentance and new life.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

The green girdle at first seemed like protection from danger. Later, it became a sign of Gawain’s weakness. By the end, it felt like a reminder of the lesson he learned.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

I think adventure matters in Arthurian stories because it’s how knights grow and prove themselves. It tests whether they live up to their code. Without it, their honor would just be words.

BSE-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight"

A. I noticed that characters generally treat one another with respect. As nobles and knights, they all presented themselves with courteousness, pride, and honor. As a host to a visitor, they greet them with great hospitality and generosity.

B. The arrival of Sir Gawain in the lord's castle was welcomed with warmth. The lord held a feast for him, provided a chamber while he stays in the castle, and fine clothes for him to use. They even had a bargain in which the lord will exchange the animals he would hunt to anything that Sir Gawain will receive inside the castle. This reflects loyalty and honesty that represents chivalry as well.

C. Sir Gawain treated the lady with respect and courtesy. Even when she tried to seduce him, he was still polite while indirectly refusing her. This shows that he remained respectful to the lady at the same time avoiding to dishonor the lord.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

The difference between romantic chivalry with our current social context is quite huge. Back then, they represent chivalry as a knight, being loyal to their lords, brave enough to face quests and adventure, and courtesy among women. But in today's time, we expect chivalry with politeness, respect, and equality. Emphasizes less on gender roles but mutual respect with one another.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

The celebration of Christmas in King Arthur's court, this symbolizes Christianity and celebration of Christ's birth. The Pentangle that was said to be on Gawain's shield. It symbolizes the five virtues of a knight that is connected to five wounds of Christ. Prayers of Gawain to Mary. This symbolizes his faith and reliance to a divine when he is in need. Prayers for Saint Julien. He is a patron saint that Sir Gawain needed for his safe journey. Lastly, the confession of Sir Gawain. This symbolizes the belief of Christians that the Lord will accept and forgive them if they repent for their sins.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

When the green lace or girdle was given by the lady, it symbolizes as a protection for Sir Gawain. But later on, feeling ashamed of himself it symbolize as his cowardice and failure. However, it was changed again when he came back to Camelot as it now symbolizes his journey as a knight.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

Quests or adventure is important as for the Arthurian mythos because it represents bravery, courage, and chivalry. Through their journey, it will build their pride and honor. This will contribute to their reputation and how they uphold their virtues as a knight.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• The moment I read Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, I observed a consistent use of respect and manners in greetings. Considering social standing or hierarchy appears in the story, greetings differ depending on your social status. The story displays formal and well-mannered greetings. 

  
  

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• Sir Gawain is greeted warmly upon his arrival at the Lord Castle. This situation demonstrates the chivalry of being warm and accommodating to guests. Another characteristic observed in the story is that Lord Castle offered challenges to Sir Gawain, which Sir Gawain accepted, symbolizing confidence, pledges, and dedication.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• Sir Gawain's interaction with the lady of the castle differed from others. Seduction was present, the lady of the castle attempted to seduce Sir Gawain, which acted as a moral test for him. Sir Gawain remained calm and respectful despite the temptation.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Romantic Chivalry was portrayed as a primitive societal position with a significant level of gender discrimination. It also conveys the concepts of religion, dedication, and respect. Even while discrimination persists, gender is now granted equal opportunity. Our culture evolved to be universal and inclusive.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbols in the story and explain why they were made.

• Christmas - The story was set during the Christmas season. Christmas is a significant event in Christianity since it commemorates the birth of Christ. In the context of the story, it represents the sacredness of Sir Gawain's journey through faith and character.

• The pentagon's five sides reflect the five virtues of a knight: generosity, fellowship, chastity, courtesy, and piety. The Virgin Mary represents his faith and dependence on her guidance. This is reflected in the Christian religion with respect.

• Confession - At the end of the story, Sir Gawain admits his failure to Bertilak. This act spoke to the Christian context. Christians admit their mistakes through confessions.

• Mary - Sir Gawain prays or seeks guidance from Mary. It is a symbol of faith and commitment. In Christian arcs, Mary is a well-known figure.

• The green chapel is a place of judgment where truth is revealed, and it is where Christians admit their mistakes or seek guidance.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it

changed at the end, twice.

• Initially, the lady of the castle presents the green girdle to Gawain as a courtesy or favor that acts as protection. The girdle's symbolism changes over time to reflect Sir Gawain's fear. In the end, this represents shame and serves as a reminder of his failures and failings. 

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/order of knights?

• In the Arthurian Mythos, knights' adventures are important because they preserve their identities and serve as symbols of their traditions. It tests a single knight's integrity, loyalty, and responsibility. It is more than just a survival test, it is also an exploration of moral character.

BSE-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

A.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

- The characters treat each other with respect and honor. For instance, the moment when Sir Gawain said, ‘be this adventure mine,’ where he politely asks King Arthur to take the challenge of Green Knight. I observed how Gawain values the King’s authority while also showing bravery and a sense of responsibility.  Also, when the lord and ladies kiss Gawain, ‘From lords and ladies fair lightly his leave besought. They kissed the knight, his soul commending to Christ’s care,’ here I noticed how greetings and farewells are filled with blessing and religious devotion which define romantic chivalry. 

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

- The moment when Sir Gawain entered the castle of the lord, instead of throwing Gawain out of the castle, the lord warmly welcomed him, saying, ‘Be welcome here to stay as likes ye still.’ He even gave Gawain the clothes, food, and other things that he needed. And from that, I can say that romantic chivalry is also about hospitality, generosity, and respect toward guests, and even those who are strangers.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

- Sir Gawain treated the Lady of the castle with gentleness and courtesy. He used wise words particularly when he was being seduced. He rejected her in a nice way without insulting her. With that, I can say that romantic chivalry includes showing respect to women, maintaining honor, and avoiding rudeness even in uncomfortable situations. 

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

- Before, romantic chivalry was about having honor, bravery, and loyalty to a lord. It is mostly like a relationship between the lord and knight’s formal code of conduct. While on today’s time, it is about kindness, respect, and equality for everyone.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

- First is the pentangle on Sir Gawain’s shield that symbolizes the Christian morality which Gawain possesses, the frankness, fellowship, cleanness, courtesy, and pity. Second is the prayer of Gawain, ‘To Mary made his prayer…Where he might shelter share,’ which symbolizes the faith of Gawain to a divine grace. Third is the Mass, ‘his Mass he heard straightway, On the high altar there an offering meet did lay,’ where before his journey, Gawain hears mass and gives an offering on the altar that shows his faith in God’s protection. Fourth is the Green Chapel where Gawain learned about the truth of the challenge which symbolizes divine judgment. Lastly is the mention of bible characters in the latter part like Adam, Solomon, Samson, and David wherein these characters were also deceived by women in their life like Sir Gawain had experience which shows that all humans like Sir Gawain and the greatest men in the bible are imperfect and in need of God’s grace. 

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

-  At first, the green girdle symbolizes protection when the Lady of the court generously gave it to Sir Gawain, saying that it will shield him from hurt or harm. However when the Green Knight revealed that he knew about Gawain’s acceptance of the girdle, it transformed into a symbol of cowardice.  But by the time he returned to Camelot, King Arthur and the court’s people celebrated Gawain’s journey, so it transformed again into a symbol of honor and humility. 

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos?

- The adventure is important for the Arthurian mythos as it will test the knight’s bravery, courtesy, and loyalty. For instance, the journey of Sir Gawain which tested his courage, bravery and honesty. Adventure is important as it allows the knights to prove themselves through the challenges they will face along their journey. From that, the ideals of knighthood are preserved and honored.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain 

• Sir Gawain is King Arthur's nephew and a member of the Round Table, known for his bravery, courtly manners, and religious beliefs. He is portrayed as a noble and virtuous knight who courageously accepts the Green Knight's challenge to defend the reputation of his king and court. Throughout his trip, his values are tested, revealing him to be a genuinely human character who, despite striving for perfection, is ultimately vulnerable to fear.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

• The Green Knight is a mysterious, supernatural entity with a completely green appearance that serves as both a formidable rival and a moral judge. The true identity of the Green Knight is Lord Bertilak, who has been magically captivated by Morgan le Fay, and whose mission is to undermine Camelot's pride and integrity. His mercy at the conclusion emphasizes themes of forgiveness and the value of honesty over strict obedience to the chivalric code.

3. King Arthur 

• King Arthur is the proud and courageous ruler of Camelot, and his court symbolizes chivalry and celebration. He is a youthful king thirsty for adventure stories who initially accepts the Green Knight's challenge to defend his kingdom's dignity. Although he is the central figure in Arthurian mythology, he functions mostly as the court's figurehead, whose reputation is defended by his knights. His acceptance of Gawain's confession and adoption of the green girdle demonstrate his compassion and wisdom as a leader.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

• Lord Bertilak, the positive and compassionate host of the castle where Gawain stops during his voyage, is famed for his love of hunting and hospitality. He is a talented and respectable lord who challenges Gawain to a game of switching daily gains. In a surprising revelation, he is revealed to be the Green Knight, enchanted by Morgan le Fay to put the Round Table knights to the test.

  
  

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

• Lady Bertilak, Lord Bertilak's attractive and seductive wife, is mostly responsible for tempting Gawain at the castle. She tests his chastity and devotion to his host by using her humor and appealing language. Her attempts to seduce Gawain are an important aspect of the moral test, forcing him to choose between his knightly vows and courtly love. She presents Gawain the green girdle, which he takes, resulting in his solitary moral failure in the saga.

6. Morgan le Faye

• Morgan le Faye, a strong and mysterious sorceress, is the true mastermind of the Green Knight challenge. She is an ancient, crone-like woman in the castle, frequently seen with Lady Bertilak. Her motivation is to put the Round Table's honor to the test and to frighten Queen Guinevere, whom she despised. She is a primeval, magical power who opposes the Christian and chivalric values of Arthur's court.

BSE-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

B.

1. Sir Gawain

- Sir Gawain was known as a brave and loyal knight of King Arthur. In the story, he was described as a brave, humble, loyal, and responsible knight where he said, ‘Be this adventure mine…Methinks, the weakest I, the feeblest here of wit, The less loss of my life,’ which shows his strengths. He was also depicted as a man of deep faith who listened to Mass and prayed to Mary and Christ for guidance. However despite Sir Gawain’s qualities of being a hero, he still possesses human weaknesses like his fear of death so he kept the green girdle. In the end, he admitted the fault he had done to Lord Bertilak which shows his humility and acceptance of his weakness. 

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

- The Green Knight was known as someone who is mysterious and possesses power to challenge a knight’s honor and bravery. In the story, the Green Knight was described as “Highest in stature he, of all on earth who dwell!… Half giant upon earth, I hold him to have been… the merriest in his might that e’er a joust might ride.” It means he has this great size, strength, and authoritative presence. On top of that, he was green from the color of his skin to the color of his horse. Lastly, he was the one who challenged the knights of King Arthur to the beheading game.

3. King Arthur

- King Arthur was known as the ruler of Camelot and leader of the knights of the Round Table. In the story, ‘fairest was Arthur all, and boldest, so men tell,’ which means that he was not only noble in appearance but also courageous in spirit. He was also a role model of chivalry to his knights as he is the first person who willingly accepts the challenge of the Green Knight but allows Gawain to take his place which shows not only his courage but also wisdom. 

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

- Lord Bernlak was the one who shows generosity and hospitality in the story as he warmly welcomes Gawain in his castle, ‘be welcome here to stay as likes ye still.’ He gave the necessities and company of his wife, ‘thou shalt lie long in bed, and…my wife with thee a while shall stay.’ He also proposes an exchange game that will test Gawain’s honesty as they will trade whatever they win that day in the forest or castle.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

- Lady Bernlak was described as youthful, beautiful, and graceful, ‘Fairest was she in skin, in figure, and in face… The cheeks of one were red, e’en as the rose doth glow… Whiter they were than snow that on the hills doth lie. E’en Gaynore [Guinevere], the queen, might scarce with her compare.’ She was also the temptress as she flirted and seduced Sir Gawain, testing his courtesy and strength. In the end, she gave the green girdle to him, which he accepted. 

6. Morgan le Faye

- Morgan le Faye was a sorceress. In the story, she was portrayed as aged and unattractive, ‘Yellow, the older dame… wrinkles rough… her chin so black was swathed in milk-white folds’ and her figure is “short and thick… and wide.” In the end, she was revealed as the mastermind behind the challenge. She uses her magic to disguise Lord Bertilak as the Green Knight. The reason behind that is to scare Queen Guineverre and test Sir Gawain’s honor.

BSE ENGLISH - 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

Sir Gawain is the most courteous of King Arthur’s knights. He is known for his honor, loyalty, and noble bearing. He wears bright, polished armor and carries a shield painted with a golden pentangle, a symbol of truth and the five virtues of a knight.

2. The Green Knight

The Green Knight is a huge, strong man whose skin, hair, and beard are all green. He is dressed in fine green clothes, rides a green horse, and holds a massive green axe decorated with carvings.

3. King Arthur

King Arthur is a young and spirited ruler who sits among his knights during the New Year feast at Camelot. He wears rich clothing, greets visitors with warmth, and speaks with the authority of a true king.

4. Lord Bertilak

Lord Bertilak is a tall and broad-shouldered man with a thick red beard. He wears rich garments, moves with energy, and speaks in a welcoming and confident way.

5. Lady Bertilak

Lady Bertilak is a beautiful woman with light skin and bright eyes. She dresses in richly decorated gowns and carries herself with grace and elegance.

6. Morgan le Faye

Morgan le Faye is an older noblewoman with wrinkled skin but a proud and commanding presence. She wears fine clothes yet her beauty is less than that of Lady Bertilak.

BSE-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

In Arthurian Lore, Sir Gawain is usually depicted as King Arthur’s nephew. He is one of the most loyal and courteous in the round table. He is known for his chivalric attitude. In the story, he represents honor of a knight. He showed his bravery when he step up for his King to take over decapitating the head of the green knight. However, he was ashamed for his cowardice during his adventure showing him as human with imperfections.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

The Green Knight is a supernatural figure, usually presented a tester of knights, or a representation of the “Green Man” from Celtic myth. In the poem, he appeared at Arthur’s court as a green man from his hair, skin, and clothing. He rides a green horse, carrying a huge axe. His challenge, to behead him, tests Gawain’s courage.

3. King Arthur

Legend presents King Arthur as the ruler of Camelot and the founder of the Round Table. He symbolizes justice and chivalry. In the story, he is portrayed as eager for adventure tales. He warmly welcomes the Green Knight and shows no fear in accepting the challenge before Gawain steps forward. Arthur’s court in the story is depicted as, courteous, and with strict ideals of honor.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdeser

Arthurian lore shows Bertilak (or Bernlak) as the true identity of the Green Knight, which transformed by Morgan le Faye. In the story, as Lord of Hautdesert, he is a generous, and welcoming host who hunts animals and in the game of exchanging winnings with Gawain. He treats Gawain with great hospitality, having courtesy with his status as a knight while actually testing his virtue.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

The wife of Lord Bertilak that seduced Gawain during his stay in the castle. In the story she is presented as a fair lady, beautiful, and skilled in flirtation. She visits Gawain’s chamber three times, offering intimacy to test his chivalry and moral. Her gifts, including the green girdle, are key to the story’s turning point.

6. Morgan le Faye

She is often portrayed as a powerful enchantress, half-sister to King Arthur, and sometimes an antagonist to Camelot. In the story, she is revealed as the cause behind the Green Knight’s challenge and Bertilak’s transformation. It was said that her motive is to test the fame of the Round Table and King Arthur's authority, showing her as a cunning manipulator who uses magic and deception to achieve her goals.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight", especially with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet another.

• I would say that people in that time uses very polite manner in a way that it often has formal way of delivering or expressing their thoughts, ideas, even when they conversing with one another. They treat another individual depending on their what we call "labels". People will meet you at your level, if you are with the same level as them they will treat you with the kindest act, on the other hand if you like in the level above them they will treat and greet you highly because I believe that in those times, your position or label was vital in determining how people around you would treat you.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle.

• Their encounter at the castle, I believe, is the warmest encounter in the story. As it is stated in the story many people in the castle approach sir Gawain the moment he stepped inside the castle and greet him with the peak positivity and joy. The lord, however, is one of the happiest person in the scenario as he honor the presence of sir Gawain inside his castle, lord treats him at very best in every possible way. His and his peoples actions are the depiction of their feeling and emotions how happy they are being around the "SIR GAWAIN"

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle.

• The moment sir Gawain saw the fair lady of the castle, he was flabbergasted because of her beauty. They had several interactions inside the castle and I would like to highlight the part where the fair lady had few attempts to seduce sir Gawain. However, sir Gawain respected her so much and he said that such knight did not deserve the love of a such fair lady.

2. How does romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• I noticed the huge difference between the meaning of the chivalry before and now in our previous discussion. Before, the chivalry refers to your loyalty to you liege, the things that you can do and offer as knight, especially protecting those someone who can protect themselves regardless of the gender. Now, chivalry refers to how good you treat women. People expect man to do things for women.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they are made.

• The pentangle on sir Gawain's shield - his shield represent set of fives virtues. This shows sir Gawain's devotion to God and the idea that his strength and honor come from Christian values.

• The virgin Mary's image on his shield - He carries an image of virgin Mary on his shield for comfort and guidance. This act shows that he looks to Mary for help, protection, and moral strength just like in medieval Christian did.

• The five wounds of Christ - He believes to the power of Christ's wounds from the Crucifixion. It reminded him the sacrifices and motivates him to be brave enough to face various challenges.

• The green chapel as a place of judgment - We can consider the green chapel as the judgment day the moment sir Gawain reached it.

• The prayers - very evident Christian reference is whenever having festivities sir Gawain and people in the story prayed or having doubts, asking for guidance and strength, they often pray to a God.

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  4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in story and explain why they were made.

• The green lace in the story at first is a symbolism of protection because the fair lady stated that the person who wears it will not be vulnerable to any attacks. Then it turns as a symbolism of shame because he knows that he didn't fulfill his words towards the Green knight and in the latter part when he went back to the castle of Camelot it became the symbolism of triumph even people knew that he didn't fulfill his words, his bravery is enough to be celebrated.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/order of knights?

• Adventure is important in the Arthurian stories and for the knights because it’s how they show courage, honor, and loyalty. In the story, knights don’t just stay in Camelot or sitting in round table waiting for fame—they go on quests to face danger, help people in need, and show their faith. These journeys let them follow the rules of chivalry.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. SIR GAWAIN

• Sir Gawain is one of King Arthur’s most loyal knights. He is brave, polite, and always tries to follow the code of chivalry. He respects women, keeps his promises, and values honesty. Even though he makes mistakes, he admits them and learns from them, showing he is humble and honorable.

2. THE GREEN KNIGHT AS "THE GREEN KNIGHT"

• is a strange and magical man who comes to King Arthur’s court to test the knights. His green skin, hair, and clothes make him seem tied to nature, life, and the cycle of death and new life. He is both kind and scary, giving a dangerous challenge but also showing respect. In the story, he judges Sir Gawain’s bravery, honesty, and loyalty to the knight’s code. In the end, he teaches that real honor comes from telling the truth and being humble.

3. KING ARTHUR

• King Arthur is the legendary ruler of Camelot and leader of the Knights of the Round Table. He is known for his fairness, bravery, and commitment to justice. In many stories, he protects his kingdom, leads his knights on quests, and works to keep peace. Arthur is often shown as a wise and noble king who follows the code of chivalry and inspires others to do the same.

4. LORD BERTILAK/ BERNAK OF HAUTDESERT

• Lord Bertilak, or Bernlak of Hautdesert, is the lord of the castle where Sir Gawain stays during his journey. He is friendly, generous, and loves hunting. He makes an agreement with Gawain to exchange whatever they win each day—Bertilak will give what he hunts, and Gawain will give what he receives in the castle. Later, it is revealed that Lord Bertilak is actually the Green Knight in disguise, testing Gawain’s honesty and courage.

5. LADY BERTILAK/ BERNLAK

• Lady Bertilak, or Bernlak, is the wife of Lord Bertilak. She is beautiful, charming, and clever. While Sir Gawain stays at their castle, she tries to tempt him to test his loyalty and honesty. Her actions are part of the Green Knight’s plan to see if Gawain will stay true to the code of chivalry.

6. MORGAN LE FAYE

• Morgan Le Faye is a powerful sorceress and the half-sister of King Arthur. She knows magic and often uses it to test, trick, or scare the knights of the Round Table. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, she is the one who planned the Green Knight’s challenge to test Arthur’s court and to frighten Queen Guinevere. She is clever, mysterious, and sometimes an enemy, sometimes an ally, in Arthurian stories.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”, specifically with:

A. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another 

– Most of the characters in the story are part of what we call the Arthurian Knights, and just by that, we can observe that formally greeting one another is part of their duty because of their idea of "chivalry." When the characters encounter one another, it is expected of them to give a formal greeting and bow, especially for knights and nobles. This reflects their commitment to honor, respect, and courtly manners in every interaction.

B. Gawain’s encounter with the Lord of the Castle 

– Chivalry is seen in their encounter, specifically in the way the Lord of the Castle welcomes Sir Gawain. He greets Sir Gawain with great courtesy and generosity, offering him rest and comfort during his stay in the castle. He also offers to tell him where the Green Castle is if he agrees to his challenge, which highlights the chivalric traits of honesty and trust. Unfortunately, Sir Gawain was not able to fully fulfill this duty.

C. Gawain’s encounter with the Lady of the Castle

– One characteristic of chivalry is respecting a woman. Sir Gawain’s encounter with the Lady of the Castle challenges this idea because she is persistent to seduce him, even though he resists. He politely says words to stop the Lady of the Castle, and maybe that highlights how gentleman he is that even in an awkward situation, he manages to compose himself and dare not to offend the Lady of the Castle. 

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• In our last discussion, it was mentioned that “chivalry” was often seen only in men because they were expected to protect women, and some women even had to hide their gender to become knights. Today, however, it is less about men serving women and more about mutual respect and shared responsibility. Women are no longer confined to the kitchen but can freely pursue careers in any field, including the army or criminology.

3.  Give me at least five Christian references or symbols in the story and explain why they were made.

Special Occasions

– The story is structured around Christmas, New Year’s Eve, and Halloween. As Christians, these celebrations are moments we commemorate for Saints, and our Lord,  especially Christmas, which we know as the celebration of His birth. These sacred times mark key turning points in Sir Gawain’s journey, reinforcing the idea that his quest is not just physical but also moral and spiritual.

The Pentangle 

–  The pentangle in the story is not just an ornament,  it is a symbol of perfection because it represents the virtues of a perfect knight that embodies generosity, fellowship, purity, courtesy, and pity. These virtues are meant to be unbroken and whole as part of their idea of chivalry. However, the story shows us that even someone who embodies these ideals, like Sir Gawain, can still make mistakes and break another's trust. 

Praying to Mary, and Saints 

– Praying to Mary and the saints shows that Sir Gawain embodies the morals of a Christian. He seeks guidance as he travels, prays for relief, and thanks Christ when good things happen. This devotion reflects his reliance on faith to guide and strengthen him throughout his journey.

Green Girdle
– In the story, the green girdle is a strong magical shield that could protect Sir Gawain, however it’s also something that could make him the weakest of all. As Sir Gawain accepts it as a way to save his life, he is now breaking his vow of complete honesty. So at the end, it becomes both a reminder of his failure and a lesson in humility.

The Color Green
– Green represents nature, life, and renewal, and I have also read an article suggesting that the true color of love is green rather than red. At the same time, it can signify mystery and unpredictability. In the story, through both the Green Knight and the green girdle, the color becomes a powerful symbol of nature’s beauty and danger, as well as the challenges and temptations that test human virtue.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

– At first, the green girdle symbolizes fear because of the Green Knight, and his failure to uphold complete honesty because of the Green Girdle. However, its color shifts from representing secrecy and weakness to a mark of humility and self-awareness. When the knights of Camelot wear it in solidarity, green comes to symbolize unity, forgiveness, and the shared humanity of even the noblest knights.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

– I believe because it is a way to please King Arthur. In our discussion it was mentioned that King Arthur wants to hear the adventure of his knight that will show how brave and honorable they are. Adventure that serves as a way for knights to prove their courage, honor, and loyalty to the chivalric code.  

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• The characters exhibit and uphold their values aligned with the code of chivalry throughout the poem. They show deepest respect and courtesy even in challenging circumstances. The story shows chivalric values in their choice of words and ,manner of treating each other.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• The presence of chivalry can be observed in Sir Gawain’s search for Green Chapel to fulfill a promise. On his journey, he looked for a place to stay and then he saw the castle. He was welcomed with great hospitality and the lord even prepared a banquet, clothes and shelter. Then the lord even asked for him to stay 3 more nights for he knew his destination was near and proposed a game that challenged Sir Gawain’s truthfulness to his word. 

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• In his stay in the castle, his character was tested by the young lady of the castle. As she tried to provoke or seduce him, he remained calm and composed. He showed his respect to the lord and the lady by politely rejecting. However, in the end, the act of accepting the girdle showed his weakness and dishonesty especially when he did not give it to the lord as part of their agreement for it was something he received in the castle.

1. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Romantic chivalry in medieval times as shown in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight" revolved around the code of chivalry which is honesty, honor, valour and loyalty. These are expected from the knights of the round table which basically consists of men. However, in the current social context, romantic chivalry is gender-neutral and is not only expected to people of a certain group but rather from anyone. 

2. Give me at least five Christian references or symbols in the story and explain why they were made.

• Pentangle on Gawain’s Shield which represents the virtues of a night and also the five wounds of Jesus. Sir Gawain praying to Saint Julian is an act of faith to saints which Christians practice. Also the chapel, the Green Chapel, where they agreed to meet and fulfill the promise. Sir Gawain’s acknowledgment of his failure to fulfill a promise symbolizes the act of confession.

3. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• The girdle in the story at first symbolizes protection or acknowledging a gift, love and protection. Then, it changed when Sir Gawain failed to fulfill his agreement with the lord as he kept it to himself. It then symbolized Sir Gawain’s flaw and dishonesty. When he faced the Green Knight, it symbolized protection from the danger. Lastly, when he returned to Camelot, the people also wore the same girdle that now symbolized humility and vulnerability as humans.

4. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• It is important as it is like a test of their character as members of the round table. Adventure symbolizes a way to strengthen their values that will recognize their courage, loyalty and honesty. It also challenges a knights’ valour or the courage to face danger as these adventures are typically of challenging purpose.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

Sir Gawain
– Sir Gawain for me is the kind of knight who tries to live up to impossible ideals, even when the world throws him into moral gray zones. He’s brave enough to sacrifice for others, yet coward to face death, humble enough to admit his flaws, and honest enough to learn from them. His journey is really about the tension between being perfect and being human—and he chooses honesty over pride.

The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

– The Green Knight is both terrifying and loves to mock and trigger his opponent. A magical figure who doesn’t just test strength, but tests character. He’s not out to kill Sir Gawain, but to reveal what kind of man he really is when no one’s watching.

King Arthur

– King Arthur is the kind of leader who values his people, especially his knights. This is shown when he refuses to eat until everyone in his court has been served. He inspires loyalty but also trusts his knights to uphold the court’s honor, as seen when he allows Sir Gawain to strike the Green Knight.

Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

– Lord Bernlak is a friendly and hospitable man who runs the castle with kindness and strength. He offers food, fun, and comfort to Sir Gawain, making him feel welcome. However, behind his cheerful personality, he is smart and uses simple games to test people’s loyalty.

Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

– She is the wife of Lord Bernlak and she is a seductress. She tests Sir Gawain’s ability to navigate desire, duty, and deception. What makes her powerful is how she forces Gawain to confront the limits of his own virtue by giving him the green girdle.

Morgan le Faye

– A powerful sorceress from Arthurian legend, and she is King Arthur’s half-sister. She is the hidden manipulator of the entire story, subtly pulling the strings from the shadows. Her goal is not destruction but to expose the truth that Arthur’s knights are not as perfect as they appear.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

   Sir Gawain is King Arthur’s nephew and one of the most respected members of the Round Table. Known for his bravery, loyalty, and politeness, he still remains humble, even calling himself the “least” of the knights. In the story, he takes on the Green Knight’s challenge with courage, showing both the strength and the flaws of a true human hero. In Arthurian tradition, he is also famous for gaining strength as the sun rises and weakening as it sets, linking him to the cycle of nature.

   
   

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

   The Green Knight is a very tall man with green skin, green hair, green clothes, and a huge green axe. He seems brave and mysterious, speaking in a strong and certain way. He stands for the power of nature and the test of a knight’s honesty and bravery. In Arthurian legend, he is sometimes seen as a magical protector of the forest or a character from old Celtic stories.

   
   

3. King Arthur

   King Arthur is portrayed as a young but wise ruler, known for his fairness and generosity. He warmly welcomes guests into Camelot and enjoys the stories and adventures of his knights. His leadership inspires loyalty, as he leads not through fear, but through respect and noble character. In Arthurian legend, he wields the legendary sword Excalibur and rules from the Round Table, which symbolizes equality among his knights.

   
   

4. Lord Bertilak /  Bernlak of Hautdeser

   Lord Bertilak is a strong and hospitable ruler who lives in a grand castle. Generous and full of energy, he enjoys hunting and creating friendly challenges. The story reveals that he is actually the Green Knight in disguise, transformed by Morgan le Faye’s magic to test Sir Gawain. In Arthurian lore, his name is sometimes connected to “Bercilak de Hautdesert,” a figure who represents the wild, untamed side of the chivalric world.

   
   

5. Lady Bertilak / Bernlak

   Lady Bertilak is a beautiful, graceful, and intelligent woman. She speaks with charm and confidence, often using her wit to test Gawain’s loyalty and self-control. Though her actions seem playful, they are part of a greater plan to challenge the knight’s honor. In the broader Arthurian tradition, she is one of the many courtly ladies used in stories to test the values of knighthood and courtly love.

   
   

6. Morgan le Faye

   Morgan le Faye is a powerful sorceress that is believed more powerful than Merlin. She is the half-sister of King Arthur. Skilled in magic and strategy, she often plays the role of a challenger or enemy in Arthurian tales. In this story, she is the mastermind behind the Green Knight’s challenge, aiming to frighten Queen Guinevere and test the integrity of Arthur’s court. In Arthurian legend, she is trained by Merlin and is sometimes depicted as both a healer and a dangerous rival to Camelot.

   
   

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513
1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight," especially with:

— In the story, greetings are done with great respect and kindness. People bow, speak politely, and use warm words when meeting. Guests are treated with honor, given the best seats, food, and gifts. This shows how important hospitality is in knightly culture. Respect is shown even to strangers, as a sign of good manners and noble character. These greetings help create trust between people before any challenge or deal begins.

A. How characters generally treat one another when they greet another.

— When Gawain meets the lord, he is welcomed with open arms and treated like family. The lord offers him food, a place to rest, and entertainment. He also makes a fair deal where they will exchange whatever they gain each day. This shows friendship, trust, and the value of keeping promises. The lord treats Gawain as an honored guest, showing that kindness is an important part of chivalry.

B. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle.

— The lady greets Gawain politely, speaking in a charming and playful way. She tries to test his loyalty by offering him gifts and making flattering comments. Gawain is careful to answer with respect, avoiding words or actions that could harm his honor. This scenario shows the knight’s challenge of staying polite while also refusing temptation.

C. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle.

— The lady greets Gawain politely and speaks in a charming way. She tries to test his loyalty through gifts and compliments. This shows chivalry as both respect and resisting temptation.

1. How does romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

— In the story, greetings are done with respect and kindness. Guests are welcomed warmly with polite words, food, and the best seats. Even strangers are treated with dignity and care. This shows how important hospitality is in knightly culture.

1. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they are made.

— The pentangle on Gawain’s shield stands for truth, loyalty, and the five knightly virtues of friendship, generosity, chastity, courtesy, and piety, all connected to Christian values. Gawain’s prayers to God and Mary show his trust in their help, as people in medieval times believed faith gave strength in hard times. His confession before meeting the Green Knight shows repentance and readiness, like preparing for God’s judgment. The three days of testing in the castle show the Christian idea of resisting temptation, and the Green Chapel represents a place where one must answer for their actions before God.

1. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in story and explain why they were made.

— The green lace is given to Gawain by the lady as a charm to protect his life. At first, it shows his fear of death and his choice to keep it secret, proving that even a noble knight can be tempted. Later, it reminds him of his weakness and the value of honesty, since he did not give it to the lord as promised. In the end, the other knights wear it as a sign of unity, turning it from shame into a symbol of learning and forgiveness.

1. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

— Adventure allows knights to prove their bravery, loyalty, and honor. It challenges both their strength and their moral values just like what happened with Sir Gawain's adventure. Through adventure, knights gain wisdom and respect. Without it, the ideals of knighthood would not be tested or upheld.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

• Sir Gawain, was a nephew to King Arthur. He is one of the most recognized members of the Arthurian knights. In the story, he volunteered to the challenge of the Green Knight that shows his bravery and loyalty. His journey to fulfill the challenge reveals his vulnerability and weakness. He was dishonest when he kept the girdle to himself yet also humble and brave enough when he acknowledged his weakness to fulfill a promise.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

• The green knight in the story was described to be humongous and has a green hue to his skin, thus his name, the Green knight. He came to Camelot and proposed a challenge that will test a knight’s character and truthfulness to the code of chivalry. In the end of the story, he teaches Sir Gawain the value of honor and honesty by acknowledging failure to fulfill a promise.

3. King Arthur

• King Arthur is the ruler of Camelot, the leader of the Knights of the table. Known for his chivalric values exhibited in his own adventure. In the story, he showed bravery and eagerness to partake on the challenge. He shows authority as king and leader throughout the story.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

• Lord Bertilak as described in the story has a thick red beard. He is the one who welcomed Sir Gawain to his castle and even prepared a banquet. He is hospitable and the one who proposed a game that will later on be revealed to be a test of Sir Gawain’s Chivalric values. He teaches us the value of honesty and humility.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

• Lady Bertilak was Lord Bertilak’s wife. In the story she was described to be fair-skinned. In Sir Gawain’s stay in the castle, she tried to seduce Sir Gawain as part of their plan to test his honor, honesty and truthfulness. She was also the one who gave Sir Gawain the kiss in the castle. On the third day, she gave Sir Gawain a Green girdle whom she said will protect him of any danger.

6. Morgan le Faye

• Morgan le Faye is King Arthur’s half-sister. In the story, she was described to be an old lady with plenty of wrinkles that Sir Gawain met when he stayed in the castle of Sir Bertilak. She was known to be a powerful sorceress, much more powerful than Merlin. In the end, It was also revealed that she was part of the plan to challenge Sir Gawain, to test his Chivalric value and honor of the round table.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

In Arthurian lore, Sir Gawain is one of the most loyal Knights of the Round Table. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, he is portrayed as brave enough to step forward when no other knight accepts the Green Knight’s challenge. This bravery is tempered by human fear and hesitation, especially when it is his turn to receive a blow from the Green Knight. He also shows perseverance and determination during his long, cold journey to find the Green Chapel.

Gawain strives to be honest—he exchanges the kisses he receives from Lady Bertilak with Lord Bertilak as agreed—but he is not completely truthful, since he hides the green girdle she gives him, believing it will protect his life. This reveals his weakness, as he chooses self-preservation over total honesty. In the story, he is described as noble, well-mannered, strong, and admirable, yet flawed—making him a more realistic and relatable character.

2. The Green Knight

In Arthurian lore, the Green Knight is often seen as a supernatural figure, mysterious and otherworldly. In the story, everything about him is green—his skin, hair, clothing, and even his horse. His character in the story is both mocking and bold—he enters King Arthur’s court uninvited, challenges the knights with a strange beheading game, and seems to taunt them when no one steps forward. However, he is also fearless and powerful, enduring his own beheading without dying, and later revealing that his purpose was to test Gawain’s honor, courage, and truthfulness. His role blends the challenger, the trickster, and the moral examiner.

3. King Arthur

King Arthur is the noble ruler of Camelot, the embodiment of justice, chivalry, and unity. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, he is described as young, lively, and adventurous, enjoying feasts and games with his court. He refuses to eat at the New Year’s celebration until he has seen something marvelous, which sets the stage for the Green Knight’s arrival. Arthur is also hospitable and gracious, welcoming the Green Knight courteously, even though the stranger’s challenge is unusual and potentially dangerous. While he is ready to accept the challenge himself, Gawain takes his place, showing Arthur’s willingness to protect his knights but also his openness to daring feats.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

In Arthurian lore, Bertilak is a noble lord who is later revealed to be the Green Knight in disguise, transformed by Morgan le Faye’s magic. In the story, as Lord Bertilak, he is generous, warm, and welcoming, hosting Gawain with lavish hospitality. He proposes the “exchange of winnings” game, in which whatever he gains from hunting will be traded for whatever Gawain gains in the castle. In the end, he reveals himself as the Green Knight and shows he is also forgiving, sparing Gawain’s life while pointing out his moral shortcomings.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

Lady Bertilak is portrayed as beautiful, charming, and cunning. She plays a key role in testing Gawain’s virtue by visiting him in his chambers and attempting to seduce him. She is skilled in flirtation and persuasion, using both boldness and cleverness to put Gawain in morally challenging situations. While she manages to get kisses from him. Her role is both a temptress and an agent in the Green Knight’s larger plan.

6. Morgan le Faye

In Arthurian lore, Morgan le Faye is often a powerful sorceress, half-sister to King Arthur, and sometimes an antagonist to Camelot. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, she is revealed at the end to be the one who enchanted Lord Bertilak into the form of the Green Knight. Though she never appears directly in most of the story, her presence as the mastermind behind the events shows her as intelligent, manipulative, and magical.

BSE ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another:

As I read the story of Sir. Gawain and the Green knight, greetings are characterize as a sign of respect and ingrained tradition to each person during those times it's an evidence showing the concept of romantic chivalry. Knights bow their heads, exchange kind words, and honor to each other’s status, even to someone that is new to them. This reflects the knightly code, where respect and honor are as important as bravery.

b. Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle:

In the story When Gawain meets Lord Bertilak, he is warmly welcomed and treated as a very important guest, being known as one of King Arthur knight. Bertilak offers food, shelter, and companionship without hesitation, even celebrate with Gawain during the end of the year. following the chivalric duty of hospitality. Gawain, in turn, responds with humility, politeness and gratitude, showing a rightful behavior as expected of a knight.

c. Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle:

The lady greets Gawain with grace, honored but somehow in a playful conversation, testing both his Chivalry and loyalty. Gawain treats her with respect, being so careful not to put dishonor towards Lord Bertilak. This shows how respect is very important specially to someone who uphold the chivalry code highlight the importance of moral integrity.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

Romantic chivalry in medieval times highlights the idea of serving and protecting ladies or women, showing. In today’s social context, chivalry is less about static gender roles and more about mutual respect, equality,politeness, and kindness between people regardless of gender, focusing on shared respect.

3. Give me at least Five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made:

The Virgin Mary and other Saints – Gawain prays to her on Christmas Eve and immediately finds Lord Bertilak’s castle, although he also prayed to other Saints like Saint John to give him guidance on his journey

Christmas - As the most significant events during Christmas season even in Christmas Eve. Whether it is inside the castle of King Arthur or Lord Bertilak, Christmas is a celebration of Joy, Charity and Christian beliefs.

The Green Chapel – Represents the place of judgment a testing ground that weights the value of once person, Like the spiritual trial before God.

Confession and Absolution – Gawain goes to confession before meeting the Green Knight, showing repentance and the Christian practice of preparing for his final moment believing to be beheaded by the green knight and die.

Lady of The Castle – The lady’s seduction mirrors biblical stories of temptation like Adam and Eve or other stories in the bible, testing Gawain’s loyalty and obedience to God’s moral code.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it can changed at the end, twice.

The green girdle first symbolizes self-preservation and human weakness when Gawain accepts it as a protection to save his life, breaking his words and the rules of his agreement with Lord Bertilak and the chivalry code that he took vow. Later, when the Green Knight spares him, it changes to a symbol of guilt and shame, reminding Gawain of his failure to strive honesty and truthfulness. Finally, when Gawain returns to Camelot, the lace becomes a symbol of honor the other knights as they wear it to recognize Gawain honesty in admitting his fault.

5. Why adventure is important for the Arthurian mythos/order of knights?

Adventure is central to the Arthurian tradition because it allows knights to prove their courage, honor, and loyalty through trials. Quests which is not only physical strength but also moral integrity, fulfilling the chivalry code. These adventures also uphold the essence of King Arthur’s court, showing that the Round Table is made of knights worthy of legend.

B. Give detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

In the story Sir Gawain is depicted as King Arthur’s nephew, a loyal and honorable knight of the Round Table, know for his value in chivalry and loyalty to king Arthur. He is shown as humble yet brave, stepping forward to accept the Green Knight’s challenge to protect King Arthur’s honor. Throughout the story, he continue to uphold the chivalric code but shows human flaws, especially when he conceals the magical green lace out of fear for his life.

2. The Green Knight as “The Green Knight”

In the story, he is described as a towering, strong man entirely green in skin, hair, armor, and even riding a green horse. He challenges the court in the middle of the fiest with a beheading game. After no one responded to the challenge, he mock the court of King Arthur making the King accept the challenge but Gawain step in. He survive Gawain’s blow and later revealing himself as Lord Bertilak in disguise. His role tests Gawain’s honor, courage, and honesty to the chivalric code.

3. King Arthur

In the story , he is spirited and eager for adventure, he values he's people as he wouldn't eat if everyone was not eaten yet. He warmly welcome the Green Knight and was the first one to accept his challenge. He maintains a composed, honorable demeanor, embodying the ideals of leadership and hospitality as a King. Although he got offended by the mockery of the Green Knight about his court.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

In the story, Lord Bertilak is introduced as generous, kind and honorable lord with great hospitable attitude. Offers Gawain to stay at his castle. He is actually the Green Knight in magical disguise, transformed by Morgan le Faye’s sorcery. He is skilled in both physical strength and clever games, who test Gawain’s honesty and loyalty to chivalric code.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

In the story, she is described as beautiful, charming, and intelligent, with a graceful presence. She engages in playful and seductive conversation with Gawain, attempting to tempt him as part of her husband’s test. Despite her flirtations, she operates within the bounds of courtesy, revealing her role in the larger plot later.

6. Morgan le Faye

In the story, she appears disguised as an old woman in Lord Bertilak’s castle. She is revealed at the end as the mastermind behind the Green Knight’s challenge. aiming to test Camelot’s knights and to frighten Queen Guinevere. Her cunning and magical power make her one of the most influential character in the story’s events not j

ust in the story of Sir. Gawain but in every Chivalry knight story.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another.

• In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, people greet each other politely and with respect, showing the values of romantic chivalry. They often bow, speak kindly, and give blessings or good wishes. Even when the Green Knight comes in as a stranger, King Arthur still welcomes him first before talking about the challenge.

b. Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle

• When Gawain meets the lord of the castle, they greet each other warmly and respectfully, showing trust and honor. The lord offers Gawain food, shelter, and friendship without hesitation, which reflects the hospitality valued in romantic chivalry. Gawain, in turn, thanks him politely and accepts his offer, keeping the atmosphere courteous and noble.

c. Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle

• When Gawain meets the lady of the castle, he treats her with great politeness and respect. Even when she flirts with him, he carefully chooses his words so as not to insult her or break the rules of courtesy. This shows romantic chivalry because Gawain remains honorable while still being gracious and respectful toward a lady.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Romantic chivalry in medieval times was about knights following strict rules of honor, bravery, and loyalty. Today, chivalry is more about everyday respect and kindness, like holding the door for someone, helping others, or showing good manners, without the knightly or battle-related duties. In short, medieval chivalry was tied to social rank and duty, while modern chivalry is more about equality and simple acts of respect.

3. Christian references or symbolisms in the story

• In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, there are many Christian references and symbols that show the influence of religion in the story. First, the Green Chapel represents a holy place, similar to a church, where Gawain must face his test. Second, Gawain prays to saints, such as Saint Mary, asking for help and a place to stay during his journey, showing his faith. Third, the story is set around Christmas, which reminds readers of the birth of Christ and the importance of kindness, forgiveness, and hope. Fourth, the number three appears often—like the three days of hunting and the three blows from the Green Knight—which can symbolize the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit). Fifth, the temptation Gawain faces from Lady Bertilak reflects the Christian struggle against sin and the importance of resisting temptation to stay pure in both body and spirit.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• In the story, the green lace or girdle is first a symbol of protection and survival because Gawain believes it will save his life from the Green Knight’s blow. However, at the end, it changes into a symbol of Gawain’s weakness and failure to keep his promise. It reminds him of his human imperfection, but also teaches him humility.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• Adventure is important in Arthurian stories because it lets knights prove their bravery, loyalty, and honor. It gives them challenges that test their faith, morals, and skills. These trials help knights grow stronger in character. They also keep the order of knights respected and united.

‎BSE ENG - 3A

‎ENGL 513

‎

‎A.

‎

‎How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

‎

‎a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

‎- After reading the 'Sir Gawain and the Green Knight', I noticed how formal and polite they are when they needed to greet each other especially in events that they would be altogether. They often exchange respectful bows and kind words, reflecting the respectful manner that a knight possesses. Even when the Green Knight enters King Arthur's hall, his greeting, though challenging, still acknowledges the king's authority.

‎

‎b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

‎- Sir Gawain's encounter with the Lord of the Castle, Bertilak/Bernlak, is a great example of chivalry.The lord welcomes Sir awain warmly, offering him food and also shelter in his quest looking for the Green Knight. They established friendship in a way that they both agreed upon a challenge of they will exchange whatever they win during the day, showing a trust and fairness between two knights. The accommodating manner of the Lord reflects the chivalric idea of hospitality where a knight is expected to be generous and welcoming to a fellow knight, even if they are strangers but in the case of Sir Gawain, he was fortunate enough since he is a well-known knight.

‎

‎c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

‎- The interaction of Sir Gawain and The Lady of the castle tests the chivalric duties of Sir Gawain as the Lady tries to seduce Gawain, and he must navigate this situation while remaining a polite and honorable knight. He respectfully rejects her advances, as Lady asks for love, which demonstrates his loyalty to his host and his commitment to his vows. But not until he needed to fullfil the wish of the Lady to give a kiss challenging his firmness as a knight.

‎

‎2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

‎- Romantic chivalry, shown in the story, was about the rigid or firm honor code that included loyalty to a king or the Lord, respect for women, and a dedication to honoring promises and what they'd agreed upon. It was an official set of guidelines for knights. On the other hand, modern chivalry represents a considerably more casual concept. It typically involves demonstrating respect and compassion towards others, being a decent individual, and advocating for what is just. Modern generation often tell "Chivalry is not dead" after experiencing good things from random people that is far from their concern but still give aid upon people in need.

‎

‎

‎3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

‎- The poem is full of Christian symbols that reflect the religious beliefs of the time. First, Sir Gawain's shield has a pentangle on one side, and an image of the Virgin Mary on the other, representing his purity and devotion. Second, Sir Gawain goes to confession to seek forgiveness for his sins which is a clear depiction of repentance. Third, his journey takes place during the Christian season of Christmas and New Year's, a time of spiritual celebration for christianity. Fourth, the Green Knight's challenge and Sir Gawain's actions are often linked to the idea of Christ's sacrifice, where Sir Gawain takes on a burden for his king. Finally, the Green Knight's castle is shown as a place of temptation, similar to a moral test in a religious story.

‎

‎4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

‎- Initially, the green girdle is a gift from the Lady of the castle to Sir Gawain. It's meant to be a symbol of her affection and, she claims that the magical item will protect him from any harm. For Sir Gawain, it represents his failure to fulfill his duty and words as a knight and a representation of his cowardice. At the end, after he is forgiven by the Green Knight, the girdle's meaning changes for the first time: it becomes a symbol of his shame and his human flaw of being afraid of death. However, when he returns to Arthur's court, the knights of the Round Table adopt the girdle as a symbol of their fellowship. It changes a second time, becoming a sign of collective humility and honor, reminding them that even the greatest knights have their human weaknesses.

‎

‎5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

‎- Adventure is crucial for the Arthurian knights because it is the way for them to prove their honor, courage, and virtue. The challenges and quests they face, like Sir Gawain's journey to the Green Chapel, are tests for them as a kinght. Without adventure, the knights would have no way to demonstrate their loyalty to their king, their commitment to their vows, or their physical and moral strength. It provides the knights with a purpose and is the very foundation of their fame and legendary status.

‎

‎BSE ENG - 3A

‎ENGL 513

‎

‎B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

‎

‎1. Sir Gawain

‎- In Arthurian lore, Sir Gawain is often known as one of King Arthur's greatest knights, a symbol of honor and chivalry. In the story, he is a young but courageous knight who takes on the Green Knight's challenge to save his king's honor. He is described as being brave, polite, and deeply religious, and he is a good example of the perfect knight at the start of the tale.

‎

‎2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

‎- The Green Knight is a massive figure or creature with an entirely green body, from his skin to his hair and beard. He is dressed in green clothes, and his horse is also green. He is an imposing figure, and his entrance into the court is described as being "like a giant" and a "monster." He also wields a giant axe.

‎

‎3. King Arthur

‎- King Arthur, in both the lore and the story, is the powerful and respected ruler of Camelot. He is the head of the Round Table and is seen as the leader of the ideal court. In the story, he is a strong king who is at first ready to accept the Green Knight's challenge himself to protect his court's honor. He still manages the courage of Sir Gawain at the end even if he felt coward after what had just happened holding the green girdle.

‎

‎4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

‎- Lord Bertilak is the friendly and generous lord of the castle where Sir Gawain stayed. He is described as a large, cheerful man who loves hunting and feasting. He welcomes Sir Gawain warmly, offered him guidance to his journey, and engages him in a game of exchanging their winnings. He is later revealed to be the Green Knight, showing how he really plotted the challenge he made to test the knight's loyalty and truthfulness to his words.

‎

‎5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

‎- Lady Bertilak/ Bernlas is depicted as a young, beautiful woman (beautiful than Queen Guinevere) who is very charming and witty. She is described as having a "fair face" and a "perfect body." She tries to tempt Sir Gawain, but she does so with a playful and clever attitude. She is a very good at conversation  and she knows how to use her words to try to trick Sir Gawain. She is also very fond of Sir Gawain, and she offers him a green girdle as a token of her love.

‎

‎6. Morgan le Faye

‎- Morgan le Faye is the old woman who lives at the castle and is revealed to be the person behind the whole plot. In Arthurian lore, she is a powerful sorceress and King Arthur's half-sister. In this story, she is described as a magical witch who used her powers to create the Green Knight and his challenge. Her goal was to test Arthur's court and scare his queen, Guinevere, showing her desire to challenge Arthur's power.

‎agical witch who used her powers to create the Green Knight and his challenge. Her goal was to test Arthur's court and scare his queen, Guinevere, showing her desire to challenge Arthur's power.

‎

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

- According to the Arthurian lore, Sir Gawain is one of the greatest knights of king Arthur that also has a position in the knight's round table. He was described as a handsome looking man that attracts ladies in his lore and was even called the "Maiden Knight" because of his respect for women. In the story, he was depicted as one of king Arthur's nephews along with Agravain. A loyal and mighty knight of the kingdom. A courageous man that challenged the green man in the story that symbolized his bravery and loyalty towards the King and to difficulties.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

- The Green Knight is depicted as the mighty challenger in Arthurian lore. He is also considered as a mysterious and magical creature as he has the ability to live even when decapitated. The color green in literature symbolizes weirdness and otherworldliness, making him somehow have this weird power that came from someone else in the lore which is from Morgan le Fave.

3. King Arthur

- Kind Arthur is considered as the "Greatest of the Great in his own lore. He was throned as the King of Britain in Camelot when his father died. It was prophesized that whoever can pull the sword from the stone will be the next king and he was able to do so. People even debate his story if he is a real person or a fictional character or he is a real person with hyperbolized characteristics and stories. In the story, he is the mighty king of Camelot. Understanding and emphatic king that accepts his men even in time of failure. He almost accepted the Green Knight's challenge but Sir Gawain interfered.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

- Lord Bertilak is the human form of the Giant Green knight. He was not really mentioned that much in the Arthurian Legend but he is one of the majesty that was mentioned in the story. He challenged the loyalty of Sir Gawain, to test if chivalry is not really dead among the knights of King Arthur. In the end, he turned out to be the Green Knight and tought Sir Gawian a lesson he will never forget.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak - Same with Lord Bertilak, she doesn't have any contributing story to the Arthurian Legend, but plays an important role in the Sir Gawain and The Green Knight story. In the narrative, she was considered as a beautiful/ fairest maiden of all. She was a flirtatious type of woman with a motif, not really her nature but to test as well the chivalrous act of Sir Gawain.

6. Morgan le Faye

- Morgan le Faye is one of the known maidens in the Arthurian's lore. She is depicted as a respected woman in authority and as a sorceress with a magical power and part it is healing and shapeshifting. She was said to be King Arthur's half sibling. In the story, she was described as an old woman whom Sir Gawain admired somehow. There was no other mention of her in the story but it was said that she was the one who gave Lord Bertilak the power to shapeshift into a giant green knight with a power.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• Based on what I have read, the characters generally treated each other with respect and politeness. They see each other as equal as each other, even the most noble of them all, King Arthur. The King wouldn’t bulge in the food right away if all of the knights were not settled in as stated in this line, “Arthur, he would not eat till all were served with food.” This depicts the respect and fairness that King Arthur has which became ‘a custom good’ for everyone.

b. Gawain's encounter with the Lord of the Castle

• Gawain’s encounter with the Lord is a good example of romantic chivalry. He is devoted and loyal towards the Lord and their agreement. Even if the things to be given to the Lord are malicious and unconventional, he still gave it because that is what they agreed on. This shows how honorable and loyal knight he is towards his liege.

c. Gawain's encounter with the Lady of the Castle

• Through the conversations that they had, readers can view Gawain as a representation of chivalry. The Lady kept confessing her love and giving him gifts such as the ring and the girdle, distracting him from the challenge. Even though he accepted the girdle—which is understandable because he is scared of what is going to happen,— Gawain still remained loyal from the agreement he had from the lord, avoiding the lady’s motive towards him. This shows consideration and respect to the lord, as well as to the lady.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• While the idea of romantic chivalry and ‘now’ chivalry is still rooted in respect, kindness, fairness and of course, men being the protagonist in this concept, it is now somehow different with each other, especially with the way how chivalry is represented. In the medieval context, chivalry is presented in a dramatic and cliché way. It is shown through the bravery and courage of the knight, following rules and codes of conduct, loyalty and devotion towards their liege, and being the knight and shining armor of their love of life and women. Nowadays, it is much simpler and more inclusive because women now also have their own roles and life unlike before. In today’s social context, chivalry is more about fostering positive, ethical, and respectful interactions rather than focusing on rigid gender roles.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• The Yuletide or Christmas/New Year's Day itself. It is the root of the celebration within the story. As a reader, I believe it was made to become a medium for the significant event of the story which is the challenge of the green knight towards the Arthurian Knights.

• The image of ‘Mary’ painted towards Gawain’s armor. It represents protection and love of a mother. It was made to show that Gawain is guided by Mary, the mother of Jesus.

• The prayers made by Gawain throughout his journey. It was made to show that through his prayers, he was heard by Christ that helped him reach his destination.

• The saints such as Saint Julian and Saint John. Mentioning these figures within the story, it represents that they also contributed to the journey of Sir Gawain which is why they are made—to show the influence and power of these Christian figures to a man’s life.

• The Green Chapel where the Green Knight and Sir Gawain met once again. A chapel is a place for christians or Catholics to repent, deliberate, and reflect upon themselves, and in the story, it was made to represent it. The chapel became a venue for the truth and reflection for Sir Gawain.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• The green lace or girdle is like your pretentious friend. You may see them as the one who will be there in your worst times, but they will also be the one who will cause your downfall. In the story, the green lace or girdle is given to and accepted by Sir Gawain because it was described as a shield, a savior for the upcoming tragic event that will happen to his life in which he believed. Little did he know, instead of being a shield, it became the reason why he had to get that wound instead of getting nothing at all. He trusted the green lace to protect him, yet it did otherwise; he betrayed himself by trusting the green lace. The green lace/girdle pretended to be a companion, but it became an enemy— just like your pretentious friend.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• Arthurian Knights are known for their courage, bravery, and honor. In order to show and present it, there must be a scenario that will trigger these kinds of qualities, and that is adventure. Through an adventure, these knights will face a lot of struggles, challenges, and adversities, and by that, it will create a spark for the knights to be their best in order to survive. It will ignite the qualities that they have within them to show that they are worthy and courageous. Their adventure is their key to execute that they have what it takes to be an Arthurian Knight.

BSE-ENGLISH

ENGL 513

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

The romantic chivalry was shown in some scenes like King Arthur’s courteous welcome to the Green Knight, Gawain’s comfortable stay at Bertilak’s castle, and Lady Bertilak’s playful yet courtly morning visits. These exchanges reflect the knightly ideals of hospitality, honor, and respectful admiration, even toward strangers or potential rivals. The poem shows that chivalric courtesy from the first interaction ls these characters till the end.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle (Bertilak) is shown through their actions of showing hospitality, mutual respect, and honorable agreements they share. When Gawain arrives, Bertilak warmly welcomes and embraces him, offering his needs like the clothing, food, and shelter, fulfilling the chivalric duty of welcoming a guest as an honored friend. Their later exchange-of-winnings agreement further reflects knightly trust and honor, showing that courtesy and loyalty are central to their relationship.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

Romantic chivalry, as seen in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, emphasizes formal courtesy, Elaborating displays of honor, which are often tied to ideals of courtly love and medieval social hierarchy. In today’s social context, chivalry is less about ritualized/traditional gestures or gender-specific roles being practiced and more about mutual respect, equality, and kindness between people regardless of gender or status. While medieval romantic chivalry placed men in the role of protectors and women as figures to be honored, modern chivalry focuses on everyone's capability to be responsible and respectful in relationships and social interactions.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

a. The Pentangle

The pentangle on Gawain’s shield is like his personal reminder to be his best—to be brave, pay attention, keep his faith, honor Mary, and live with kindness, loyalty, and honesty no matter what. It links Gawain’s identity as a knight to Christian faith and virtue, showing that chivalry is rooted in religious morality.

b. Gawain’s Devotion to the Virgin Mary

Inside his shield is an image of Mary, and Gawain prays to her for guidance, especially when lost in the wilderness. This reflects the medieval belief in Mary as a compassionate intercessor and protector for knights, reinforcing the connection between spiritual purity and knightly honor.

c. The Green Chapel

The chapel’s final scene serves as a place of truth, confession, and forgiveness rather than violence. This shows the Christian idea of a church as a sacred place for redemption, tying Gawain’s trial to a moral and spiritual cleansing.

d. The Three Hunts and the Three Temptations

Bertilak’s three hunts (deer, boar, fox) shows the three temptations Gawain faces from Lady Bertilak. Each hunt/temptation echoes the Christian struggle against sin we continuously commit. Innocence tested, courage challenged, and cunning temptation resisted. This structure mirrors biblical patterns of testing faith in Christ's three temptations in the wilderness showing moral battles as spiritual ones.

e. Confession and Absolution Scene

Before facing the Green Knight, Gawain goes to confession and receives absolution, believing he is spiritually cleansed. This reinforces the Christian belief in repentance before judgment and suggests that spiritual readiness is as important as physical courage.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

At first, the green lace symbolizes Gawain’s desire for survival and one's human nature to cling to security, even at the cost of breaking such rules. It represents the subtle power of temptation, as Gawain hides it to protect himself from the Green Knight’s blow. By the end, the same lace transforms into a public token of honesty and moral growth. Gawain wears it not as a charm for safety but as a constant reminder of his weakness, turning it into a sign of humility and the wisdom gained from his trial.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

Adventure is important in the Arthurian mythos and the order of knights because it serves as the primary way knights prove their worth, uphold their vows, and embody the ideals of chivalry. In Arthurian tradition, an adventure isn’t just travel or excitement; it's a quest with moral, spiritual, and often supernatural challenges that test a knight’s courage, loyalty, courtesy, and faith. These journeys keep the knightly order active and honorable, provide stories that inspire others, and reinforce King Arthur’s court as the center of justice and virtue in the realm. Without adventure, the knights would have no trials to demonstrate their honor, and the Round Table would lose its symbolic power as a fellowship dedicated to noble deeds.

BSE-ENGLISH

ENGL 513

B. Give a description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

In Arthurian lore, Sir Gawain is King Arthur’s nephew, celebrated for his courtesy, loyalty, and skill in battle, though some stories show him as imperfect and human. In the poem, he embodies the ideals of chivalry when he steps forward to take the Green Knight’s challenge to protect his king’s honor. His journey reveals both his bravery and his human weakness when he hides the green girdle for his own sake.

2. The Green Knight

In Arthurian tradition, the Green Knight is a mysterious, supernatural challenger who often represents nature’s power or a moral test for knights. In the story, he appears as a gigantic green-skinned man riding a green horse, stating a strange beheading game at Camelot. He is later revealed to be Lord Bertilak, magically transformed to test Gawain’s honor and virtue.

3. King Arthur

Arthurian lore portrays King Arthur as the legendary ruler of Camelot, founder of the Round Table, and a symbol of justice and Christian kingship. In the poem, he is youthful, fearless, and full of festive energy, welcoming the Green Knight with courtesy despite the strange intrusion. His willingness to hear the challenge sets the stage for Gawain’s quest.

4. Lord Bertilak

is a character made for this story and is not well known in other King Arthur legends. His role is inspired by old Celtic myths about magical challengers who test a hero’s bravery and honesty. In the poem, he is the lord of the castle who later turns out to be the Green Knight in disguise.

5. Lady Bertilak

is the charming and clever wife of the lord of the castle where Gawain stays. She’s warm and graceful, but also bold visiting Gawain each morning, teasing and tempting him to see if he’ll stay true to his knightly values. Behind her beauty and kindness is a test, planned with her husband, to see what Gawain’s heart is really made of.

6. Morgan le Faye

In Arthurian lore, Morgan le Faye is a powerful enchantress, often Arthur’s half-sister, known for her shifting roles as healer, schemer, and rival. In the story, she appears disguised as an old woman in Bertilak’s castle, working behind the scenes. She uses her magic to transform Bertilak into the Green Knight to frighten Queen Guinevere and test the knights of Camelot.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a) how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• In the story of "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight", characters often greet one another with respect. They bow and welcome each other in a warm manner. They also speak politely when conversing with one another. It just shows how much they value kindness in treating each other because I believe that is what makes them a true knight.

b) Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• Their encounter was a true testament that the Knights are very honored and celebrated in their country. Sir Gawain was warmly welcomed and greeted and the Lord even threw a banquet in order to honor Sir Gawain's arrival to his castle. In that sense, chivalry was really presented in a way that Sir Gawain was entertained immediaetly upon his arrival and meeting with Lord Bertilak.

c) Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• The Lady of the Castle was very much honored to see Sir Gawain in their castle. She praised Sir Gawain for being a brave knight that serves King Arthur and the Round Table. She was very delighted to have Sir Gawain in their castle.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Back in the times, romantic chivalry was presented to anyone, especially to the people who has a position or has a power. Those people was much very respected and admired. Meanwhile, chivalry in line with our current social context is believed to be served to everyone. It is a presentation of being a good person, being kind, and treating everyone with respect. In simpler terms, chivalry back in the day is served to the people who were influential, but on the other hand, chivalry today is more on treating people with respect and being kind towards one another.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• The pentangle is the first Christian reference I believe was shown in the story, it was presented like a star and was painted with Mother Mary's face symbolizing a call for protection for Sir Gawain's journey. Second, is when he was confessing for his sins, it is a tradition in Christianity to confess for your sins in order for you to be cleansed. Third was when he saw the castle, he prayed for Saint Julian, the patron saint of travellers, he prayed for Saint Julian because alas, he found a shelter for him to reside. The fourth one is I believe when they were celebrating the Yule-tide season, it was known to be Christmas and it is very known that Christmas is a Christian celebration. Lastly, the mentioning of Jesus Christ and other saints was also a Christian reference, because Jesus Christ himself is the symbol of the story that is heavily tied to Christianity.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• It was first a symbol of protection. When Sir Gawain wore it, he believed he will be protected from any harm that the Green Knight may inflict. But all hell loose, that symbol of protection was turned into a symbol of his cowardice. Sir Gawain after his encounter with the Green Knight believed that him, wearing that green girdle was so coward of him. But then again, that green girdle turned into another symbol which is the symbol of honor for Sir Gawain's bravery because he fulfilled his journey on finding the Green Knight.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• Bravery, courage, and honor is an important trait of being a knight in the Arthurian mythos. And what better way to show that traits is to have an adventure. The knights adventure will truly show how they deserved that title, because every adventure of a knight is tied with a lot of challenges that will test their bravery, courage, and also strength.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

• Sir Gawain is King Arthur's nephew and often portrayed as the “perfect knight” in early traditions because of his bravery, courteousness, and unwavering loyalty. It is shown when Gawain steps up to the Green Knight's challenge to protect King Arthur and the reputation of the Round Table. Aside from that, he is also portrayed as a devout Christian, symbolized by the pentangle shield he wears, with each of its five points representing a different knightly virtue. However, just like any human being, he is flawed. He had a moment of weakness that compromises his honesty and a breach of his agreement with Lord Bertilak which ruins his ‘perfect knight’ image.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

• The Green Knight is a powerful, supernatural figure who bursts into Arthur's court on New Year's Day. He's described as a giant of a man, completely green from head to toe—skin, hair, and clothing. He is a symbolism for nature, the unknown, and the testing of human virtue. He is a chill yet prominent figure within the story. He exhibits calmness, yet he is the source of the problem within the story.

3. King Arthur

• He is the legendary king of Britain, founder of the Round Table, and ideal ruler in medieval romance. He is known for justice, valor, and as the center of chivalric fellowship. In the story, he is portrayed as the respected and authoritative leader of Camelot because of his fairness, humility, and humbleness.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

• Lord Bertilak, also known as Bernlak, is the lord of the castle where Gawain stays during his quest. In the Arthurian lore, he is not a major figure. However within the story, he is a hospitable and masterful host. He is a skilled hunter, and his agreement with Gawain—to exchange whatever they win during the day—drives a significant portion of the plot.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

• Lady Bertilak is the beautiful and charming wife of Lord Bertilak, and just like her husband, she is not a known figure in the Arthurian lore; she is an original character in the story. She plays a crucial role in testing Gawain's chivalry and virtue through the attempts of seducing and luring him into her trap. However, it did not work, but still found a way, and that is the green lace or girdle.

6. Morgan le Faye

• Morgan le Faye is King Arthur’s half-sister. She is known for being a powerful enchantress, sometimes benevolent, often antagonistic toward Camelot. She frequently uses magic to test or challenge Arthur and his knights. In the story, she is the mastermind of Sir Gawain’s conflict.

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

A.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• I observed that the knights, as people who are expected to follow the chivalric code, greet one another with respect and in a hospitable manner. They presented themselves with pride and honor. It was seen when the Green Knight entered the hall, where they welcomed him without hesitation and remained formal with each other. It was also shown how they value social hierarchy, as they greet or speak with more respect towards King Arthur.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• Sir Gawain was welcomed by the lord of the castle warmly. Even though Sir Gawain is a stranger, he greets him with great hospitality. The lord even asked him to "feel at home" and arranged a banquet for him to be more relaxed and comfortable. Aside from that, chivalry was also presented when they had a challenge wherein they had to exchange things that they would receive for each day, which also reflects loyalty and integrity.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• As Sir Gawain stays at the castle, the lady tries to seduce him, which he rejects politely. However, he was torn between morals and courtesy. He complies with the kiss from the lady while avoiding a deeper intimacy. Another thing is when the lady offers the red ring, and later the green girdle, which he also rejected but accepted later on with honor. With that, I believe that these actions of Sir Gawain suggest that chivalry is also about setting boundaries.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Back in the day, chivalry was perceived as something that was expected for a knight to possess, such as loyalty, honor, and courtesy. It is more about how a knight treats or acts towards other people because they are bound to be like that. Meanwhile, with the current social context, it is something that everyone should possess: to be respectful, kind, and mindful.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• One of the Christian references or symbolisms in the story is the Christmas celebration. The story opens with the knights having a meal, exchanging presents, and enjoying the music to welcome Christmas, which symbolizes the birth of Christ. Another one is the mass, which shows compliance to the Christian moral order. Aside from that, the pentangle on Sir Gawain's shield, in which the five points represent generosity, fellowship, purity, courtesy, and pity, reflects Christian morality. And the image of Mary in the center of the pentangle implies how they value her as the mother of Christ and also as a spiritual guardian. Lastly, the confession made by Sir Gawain as he failed to exchange the green girdle shows how Christians should repent from their sins.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice. 

• At first, the green girdle was presented as something that will give protection. Sir Gawain failed to exchange it and broke the agreement with the lord, which shows his cowardice. When Sir Gawain faced the Green Knight and knew about the truth, he felt even more ashamed. Sir Gawain went back to Camelot and told his story, which the other knights and even King Arthur viewed as something heroic, an act of courage and humility.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/order of knights?

• Adventure is an important element in Arthurian mythos/order of knights because it shows loyalty, courage, and integrity. Along their journey, they encounter various events that will cause them to showcase these chivalric codes. Moreover, adventure does not just test their chivalric code but also mirrors their faith as they seek protection and guidance throughout their journey.

BSE-English 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

He is the nephew of King Arthur as well as his most loyal and courteous knight. It was seen as he stepped up for King Arthur to fight with the Green Knight. He is also brave and a man of his word, as he decided to follow the challenge even though he was warned by one of the lord’s servants. He is also accountable for his actions, as he admits his faults and accepts their consequences.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight”

He is a supernatural being who is humongous. His body was described as square, his limbs are long, and his belly and waist were fitly formed and small. But his feature that stands out the most is that he is green from head to toe. His horse is even green. He is the one who proposed the Christmas jest, only holding a holly bough and a huge axe.

3. King Arthur

He was described as the fairest and boldest king of Britain. He has a tradition to hear an adventure or a tale or to have someone join him in a joust before eating. He welcomed the Green Knight and was about to accept his challenge before Sir Gawain stepped up. Moreover, he is an ideal leader, as he practices the chivalric code, is wise, and cares for his kingdom and knights.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

He is the lord of the castle where Sir Gawain stayed as he looked for the Green Chapel. Lord Bertilak is very welcoming as he accepts Sir Gawain without hesitation. He enjoys hunting to the point that he challenges Sir Gawain to exchange something in return for an animal that he will hunt that day.

5. Lady of Bertilak/Bernlak 

She is the wife of Lord Bertilak. She is more beautiful than Queen Guenevere. She tried to seduce Sir Gawain throughout his stay in the castle. She gave him kisses. She is straightforward and bold with her thoughts.

6. Morgan le Faye

She is an old lady. She was described by Sir Gawain as someone who is the opposite of the Lady of Bertilak. She is the sorceress who sent the Green Knight to Camelot to test King Arthur’s knights and to scare Queen Guenevere.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• When people meet in the story, they greet each other politely and with respect, and also they have a lot of respect for people who have a high position in the society like the knights. They often use kind words, bows, and warm welcomes, even when they are strangers. This shows that knights and nobles were expected to be gentle and courteous, not rude.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• The lord welcomes Gawain with great honor and kindness, treating him as an important guest. They make a friendly deal where Gawain will exchange what he wins in the castle for what the lord gets while hunting. The lord’s offer of a stay  to Sir Gawain shows trust, friendship, and the knightly rule of keeping one’s word.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• The lady treats Gawain in a sweet and playful way, trying to tempt him. Gawain answers her politely, not insulting her, but also not fully giving in to her. This shows romantic chivalry, he tries to be respectful and loyal at the same time.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Back then, romantic chivalry was about knights following a strict code such as honor, loyalty to the king, protecting ladies, and showing bravery in battle. It also had rules about love, where knights might admire or serve a lady in a noble way. Today, chivalry is less about battles and more about being kind, respectful, and helpful to others regardless of genders .

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• Pentangle- It represents the five virtues of being a knight and in relation to Christian, it represents the five values of Christianity.

• Mary- The figure of Mary is shown on the inside of Gawain’s shield. In Christianity, Mary is the mother of Jesus and is seen as pure, holy, and caring. 

• Three days temptation- When the lady of the castle tries to seduce Gawain—can be linked to Christian ideas. The number three is important in Christianity because of the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) and because Jesus rose from the dead on the third day.

• St. Julian- St. Julian is the patron saint of hospitaller, ferry workers, and hotel keepers. In Christianity, St. Julian is known for giving shelter, food, and kindness to travelers and strangers.

• The Confession- Shows the Christian practice of repentance before facing death.  

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• At first, the green girdle was a symbol of protection and Gawain’s fear of death. He wore it because he did not fully trust God’s will and wanted to save himself. At the end, after learning the truth, it became a reminder of his cowardice, failure, and human weakness. Later, the knights wore it as a sign of honor and learning from mistakes.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• Adventure lets knights prove their courage, skill, and loyalty. It gives them a chance to protect others, keep promises, and live out the code of chivalry. Without adventures, the knights would have no way to show their honor or grow as people.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:


1. Sir Gawain
-Sir Gawain is one of the Knights of k\king Arthur's greatest knights, known for his bravery and loyalty. In the story he is shown as someone who is respectful, loyal, and humble yet easy to lure. Gawain tries to follow the knightly code, but he also shows that he is human by making mistakes, like hiding the green girdle.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"
-The green knight is a massive green human creature that has a green horse. He has this commanding presence because of how big and masculine he is. He comes into King Arthur’s hall on a green horse, holding a huge axe, and challenges the knights to a strange game.


3. King Arthur
-King Arthur in the story, although was not often seen in the story but he is the noble ruler of Camelot and leader of the Knights of the Round Table. He is very welcoming and also upholds the chivalric code because he accepted and welcome the green knight in his castle. He only accepted it because he wanted to prove that he is that knight.


4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert
-In the story, Lord Bertilak is the owner of the castle where Gawain stays before meeting the Green Knight. He is helpful, generous, and loves to hunt. Later, it is revealed that he is actually the Green Knight in disguise, changed by magic. In Arthurian lore, he is a test for knights, sent by Morgan le Faye to challenge Camelot’s honor.



5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak
-In the story, lady Bertilak is beautiful, clever, and a bold woman. She is the wife of the lord of the castle who seduced Sir Gawain and who is also the one who gave kisses to Gawain. Her role shows both romantic chivalry and the challenges a knight faces in staying true to his values.


6. Morgan le Faye
-Morgan le Faye is an old woman who lives together with the lady and lord Bertilak who is behind the game and also the reason why the green knight is green. In Arthurian lore, Morgan le Faye is a powerful sorceress, often the half-sister of King Arthur. She is skilled in magic and sometimes acts as an enemy to Camelot.

BSE - ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain is a member of the Round Table he was also the brother of Sir Agravain, and is a nephew of King Arthur. Sir Gawain describe himself first as the "weakest". But as the story goes on, that perception of him for himself was turned around because he showed bravery and devotion to King Arthur by accepting the challenge of the Green Knight. Also, in the story he was depicted as handsome because he was praised by the Lady of the Castle. I also belive that he is a religious person because he always prayed for the Saints and Christ in order for him to have guidance throughout his adventure. Lastly, Sir Gawain always admits his mistakes and apologizes for it, he always holds accountability for every thing that happened in his adventure.

2. The Green Knight is tall like a giant, has a big body, and is also a bearded Knight. Of course, he is green, his horse is also green. He wields a large axe that is called a "halberd". He has a striking aura and is strong and true to his words. He is bold enough to mock the Knights and King Arthur. He was also depicted as scary and dangerous by the guide.

3. King Arthur is the leader of the Round Table, he was also the King of Camelot. He is a good leader that wants nothing but the best for his knights and people. He does not eat unless food is served to everyone around him, and he still do not eat not after he heard a marvelous story. He cares so much for his Knights, he is willing to take the game of the Green Knight just for the sake of the knights. Lastly, he symphatizes and understands the adventure of Sir Gawain and how it turned out, he still gave him his flowers and recognized him as strong and courageous knight.

4. Lord Bertilak or Bernlak of Hautdesert is the Lord of the castle that Sir Gawain sheltered in. He was hospitable and kind towards Sir Gawain. He offered his castle as a shelter when Sir Gawain was seeking for a place because the weather is too harsh. Lord Bertilak also offered a game for Sir Gawain in order for him to stay in the castle for three days. He was also the one who promised Sir Gawain that he will help him in his pursuit of finding the Green Knight. But in the end, Lord Bertilak was the Green Knight after all.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak is the Lady of the castle or the wife of Lord Bertilak. Her beauty surpasses the beauty of Queen Guinevere. But Lady Bertilak was a seductive lady. She seduces Sir Gawain into acts that Sir Gawain refuses to do so. She was also the one who gave kisses to Sir Gawain during his stay in the castle. In the end, she was the one who gave Sir Gawain the green girdle or lace.

   
   

6. Morgan le Faye she was an old lady in the castle. She was the half-sister of King Arthur. She was depicted as a strong witch in the story, and was also the one who gave Lord Bertilak the power to turn into the Green Knight. She turned him to the Green Knight because she wanted to test the loyalty, devotion, and bravery of the Round Table.

GAILO, JAMES ALBERT C.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another.

- Chivalry was presented in a way where knights show respect to one another as part of respect to their King. The way they present themselves is a sign of honor of where they came from, the kingdom where they belong. In the first part where people acknowledged the existence of the green man instead of attacking him, that shows courtesy to other people despite the weirdness of the being and the situation. Although they got silenced and shocked by the man's appearance, they still welcomed him in the kingdom with respect.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

- Sir Gawain and The Lord of the kingdom's first interaction also shows a romantic chivalry between the two. The Lord warmly welcomed Sir Gawain the moment he saw him enter the gates and even throw a banquet. This just shows that even highnesses show respect to people, even to strangers they never knew.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

- Sir Gawain's response to the flirtatious act of the lady also shows romantic chivalry in the story. The welcoming greetings of the lady in formal tone that also shows respect to the visitor himself. Sir Gawain respects the lady and his loyalty to the lord of the castle as well with integrity.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with the current social context?

Romantic chivalry in old context refers to the respect to the other people, treating them equally no matter what their position is. The knightly conducts that a knight must possess accordingly. In the current social context, it's about being a real man to women. The good manners and attitude men must have to treat women. This only means that the meaning of the chivalry changed overtime, also depending on the social context.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• Pentangle - The shield Sir Gawian brought to his journey symbolizes the list of virtues in christianity. The five pointed stars that depict courage, piety, generosity, chastity, fellowship and friendship. It was included there because it was believed that Sir Gawain is a model of christianity. That no matter what happened, he must stay grounded along with the 5 virtues he must possess.

• Prayer to 'Christ' - When Sir Gawian got lost, he prayed first to Jesus Christ. This symbolizes Gawain's belief in God and his aid, believing that God will save him.

• Prayer to 'Mary' - Same situation when he was seeking for a shelter, he prayed to mary for grace and aw to find something to stay. This symbolizes the belief of Mary as the source of help in times of need.

• Mention of 'Saint Julan' - St. Julian the Hospitaller is the patron saint of travelers. Before he embarked in his journey, he prayed to the patron to guide him in his journey to find the Green Man.

• Celebration of the Yuletide (Christmas Celebration) - This symbolizes the belief of the birth of christ in the story.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

- The introduction of green lace symbolizes protection and defence to any other damage the holder may take. In the latter part, it became the symbol of cowardice and shame as Sir Gawain didn't do the lord's challenge with honesty. In the end, we could also see that the green lace also became the symbol of honor and greatness even though Sir Gawain failed his mission.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

- It was said that a personal account is important for every knight because this would serve as their record of being a knight. Their stories, challenges, and how they conquered those would serve as proof of honor of who they are. This is also important as this would serve as the wisdom they would share to others tested by real experience to shape and inspire young minds.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another.

• As I have noticed, they are respectful toward each other, given the hierarchy, they also greet others even strangers with courtesy. This is shown when King Arthur addresses the mysterious visitor, "Right welcome, Sir, to this my house and hall, Head of this hostel I, and Arthur, men me call. Alight from this thy steed, and linger here, I pray..."  This part shows how they welcomed the Green Knight, a stranger, which reflects the chivalric value of courtesy.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• Chivalry is seen in their  encounter when the lord warmly accepted Gawain as an honored guest in his castle. In these lines, "Be welcome here to stay as likes ye still, for here all is your own to have at your own will." and "Gramercy," quoth Gawain, "Of Christ be payment told," the kindness and generosity  of the lord  and the gratitude of Gawain are shown reflecting the chivalric ideals of hospitality, and mutual honor and respect. 

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• In his encounter with the lady of the castle he was tested. Despite the lady’s flirtation he remained honest and loyal with the lord as he refused to receive romantic favors from the lady which is seen in this line, "I be not such an one as this your tale would tell! To reach such reverence as ye rehearse but now I all unworthy were." he respectfully declined the lady’s offer without offending her. However, when he accepted the green girdle he went against part of the “code”. 
  

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• For me, romantic chivalry in the medieval period is different in the current social context in a way that, before, it mostly focuses on the rules or the code of conduct that the knight must strictly follow. It is more complex because it includes loyalty to the lord, respect for women, and keeping one’s honor in all areas of life. On the other hand, romantic chivalry in the modern context is not limited to any gender and mostly focuses on equality among individuals.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• There are several Christian references in the story and some of them are Christmas, the prayers, Saint Julian, the number three in the final trial, and the Green Knight himself. Christmas is a Christian holiday which marks the celebration of the birth of Christ, and it is used as the setting in the beginning of the story. The prayers reflect the beliefs of Christians to ask for guidance for everyday life, and Saint Julian the Hospitaller is the one whom Sir Gawain prayed to when he was searching for a safe place to stay. The number three in the final trial which I believe symbolizes the Holy Trinity, and it is shown in the Green Knight’s three axe strikes and the three days of testing. Lastly, The Green Knight himself symbolizes the Christian belief that God tests believers to know their character.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• In the beginning, the green girdle symbolizes protection as the Lady gave it as a charm to keep him from any harm. However, the part where he accepted the lace and did not give it to the lord of the castle, the girdle is presented as dishonesty for Gawain. And in the end, when Gawain returned to Camelot, the people wore the same girdle and  it symbolizes the weakness of a human being. 

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos /order of knights?

• Adventure is important for the Arthurian mythos because the Knights are known for their courage and bravery. Through adventure, the knights will be tested. These trials help them to prove their honor and uphold the chivalric code.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. 

1. Sir Gawain

• Sir Gawain is known as the loyal knight of King Arthur. He is brave for he stepped forward to take King Arthur’s place in the Green Knight’s dangerous challenge. He also treats everyone, especially women, with respect and politeness. However, despite his good qualities, he still has weaknesses as a human, which include fear and dishonesty when he accepted the girdle.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

• In the beginning of the poem, the Green Knight was described as humongous. His presence is authoritative, and he is large and strong. In addition, he was green, both in terms of his skin tone and the color of his horse. Last but not least, he was the one who proposed the Christmas jest, the beheading game to King Arthur's knights.

3. King Arthur

• King Arthur is the ruler of Camelot and the founder of the Round Table. In the story, he is portrayed as someone eager for excitement, waiting for an special event to occur. He’s also seen as brave especially when he steps forward to accept the Green Knight’s challenge after none of his knights volunteers.

  
  

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

• Bernlak of Hautdesert is the lord of the castle which was visited by Sir Gawain. He was described as a welcoming lord, as he warmly accepted Gawain. He provided him shelter and guidance, and helped him find the location of the Green Chapel. He was also a tester of Gawain, later revealed to be the Green Knight at the end of the story.

  
  

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

• Lady Bertilak is the wife of the lord of the castle. She is described as fair, beautiful, graceful, and charming. She was the one who tried to seduce Sir Gawain but rejected her respectfully. Also, the turning point in the plot is largely dependent on her present, the green girdle.

6. Morgan le Faye

• Morgan le Faye is a powerful enchantress and the half sister of King Arthur. She is described as an aged and unattractive woman. Also, she is the one who wanted to put the Round Table to test and to frighten Queen Gaynore to death. 

BSE-English 3A

Engl 513

A.

1. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1’s sub-questions must be answered at least three sentences each)

How does romantic chivalry present itself in ‘Sir Gawain in the Green Knight”, specially with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

Answer: One of the most obvious evidence of how romantic chivalry presented itself in the story is through courtesy—specifically when King Arthur greets the Green Knight: "Right welcome, sir, to this my house and hall; Head of this hostel am I, and Arthur men me call.” This quote explicitly shows the courteous nature of the knights as King Arthur politely greets the Green Knight which is a part of romantic chivalry.

b. Gawain’s encounter with the lord of the castle

Answer: The lord of the castle greeted Sir Gawain with warm welcome: “To greet, with fitting grace, his guest upon the floor.

He thought: ‘Be welcome here to stay as you still like, For here all is your own to have at your own will,

and hold.’” This shows hospitality, which is an example of romantic chivalry values.

c. Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle

Answer: Sir Gawain’s encounter with the lady of the castle presents roman chivalry when he greeted her politely. It was shown in this quote “..he folds the lady sweet Gives her a comely kiss, as fit from courteous knight;...” Courtesy one of the values that is expected for noble men.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with social context?

Romantic chivalry falls in the notion of treating women right; Being protective and respectful. For example, the afformentioned quote of how Sir Gawain greeted the lady of the caslte. On the other hand, chivalry in social context often refers to loyalty to the elite, bravery, and Justice. This idea falls on how the Knights treat each other, and of course, their King.

• Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made

  The Green Knight - he represents Goliath from David and Goliath in the Chirstian Bible. Just like Goliath, The Green Knight was huge and intimidating. Both characters are seeking for challenge to test the Knights’ courage. I think the Green Knight symbolizing Goliath is necessary because it is common for Christian/Roman Catholic stories to fight with a supernatural creature that will test human virtue.

• Sir Gawain - He himself symbolizes Jesus. Just like how Jesus is closely related to God, Sir Gawain is closely related with King Arthur. Additionally, Sir Gawain volunteering as tribute in the Beheading game is parallel to Jesus' sacrifice for human's. And lastly, Sir Gawain’s trial before facing the final boss, Green Knight is similar to Chirst’d hardship before being crucified.

• Lady of the castle - she symbolizes the biblical icon, serpent. Just like how the serpent tempted eve, the Lady of the castle seduced sir Gawain multiple time. This is necessary to test Sir Gawain’s temptation.

• Fox - In the bible, Jesus refer to fox as cunning and sly. In Luke 13:32, ‘“Go tell that fox, ‘I will keep on driving out demons and healing people today and tomorrow, and on the third day I will reach my goal.’ The difficulty of catching the fox reflects in Sir Gawain’s joirney in fighting temptation and staying true to his morals.

• King Arthur - He represents God himself. Apart from him being the highest rank in their kingdom, his relationship with Sir Gawain parallels with the relationship between God and Jesus. Although it is not that accurate, King Arthur kind of send Sir Gawain to a trial on behalf of their not only him, but their whole Kingdom.

4. Explain the symbolisms tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

At first, the girdle sleves as a temptation. A tool to test Sir Gawain’s reliability, whether he will stick to the deal or not. However, by the moment he accepted it, the green lace changes its symbolism to a sin—because he fail to follow the deal. And lastly, the girdle became a testament of his triumph. The Knight back in his hometown even wore the same girdle to honour his victory.

5. Why is the adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/ order of knights?

Adventure is a common—almost inevitable—elemnt in Arthurian Mythos because of one thing: fulfilment. Without the adventure and trials tied to it, the ending will not make sense. Because—again—there is no adventure. “No pain, no gain”, that's what they say.

BSE ENG IIIA

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three questions each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

Hospitality is evident in the story the way how the host greets the guest of the house. A feast has been prepared just to welcome the guest like what Sir Gawain experienced in the castle of Lord Bertilak. In addition, the servants serve the guest and even clean Sir Gawain's attire. They also show how welcoming they are to those who were need, even if they are a stranger.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

Romantic chivalry is present in a sense of he acts respectful and honest towards the lord of the castle. He was also grateful to the lord of the castle and respectful, as he resisted the seduction of the lord's wife. Sir Gawain also bravely takes his challenge given by the lord of the castle.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

Romantic chivalry is present in a sense of he acts respectful towards the lady of the castle. It is part of the chivalry in knights to be respectful towards the women. He also shown it by declining the seduction of the lady who's being a temptress towards him. He didn't asked for more towards the lady as he keeps his own words.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with the current social context?

Romantic chivalry focuses on courtesy, respect, and support toward all people. Still aligned but improved version of the medieval chivalry which focuses as well on having faith with the God, being brave enough to protect the weak ones, and loyalty to the rulers like the king and lords. It also focuses more on brotherhood or connection and bond with the others. The cure social context chivalry, especially, mainly focuses on the right and respectful way of treating a woman. Chivalrous nowadays were seen as a romantic or gentlemanly gesture or behavior by people.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

Christmas shows the celebration of people who were Christ’s birth and the influence of the religion to those people. Both Mary and her son Christ acts as a bridge who mortals call when they are in need of some help or spiritual guidance and protection through prayers. St. Julian is known for the saint of the travelers who guides and protects them. Green Chapel represents the churches of the Christians who seek a place for spiritual guidance. Lastly, the Green Knight's death and him being alive represents the resurrection of Christ.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

The green girdle acts as a protection to Sir Gawain and a gift from the Lady of the castle. It is said to protect him from the danger he may actually face. Other than that, it also shows the flaws of being a knight and natural vulnerabilities as a human being. It may actually protect him in the end from having his head beheaded by the Green Knight, but the shame from not being kept the chivalry will be something he will carry on. The green girdle also represents the suppressed need of protection in desperate times and fear of death as a human being.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

Adventure is a catalyst to test and strengthen one's bravery, courage and loyalty to the oath they take as a Knight. Their adventure not only earns them recognition, but helps them to shape themselves as a Knight. It also promotes and tests the bond as brothers and equality, which is part of chivalry. The way they take the challenge in the adventure also reflects the teaching and oath that they are holding as a Knight.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” ?

• A. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another?

  - I noticed how people, especially the characters treat each other with respect. They always call officers, kings and Queens with honorifics. The greetings of the characters in the story are always formal. Sir Gawain speaks with reverence and restraint.

• B. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

  - Sir Gawain was delightfully welcomed in the castle. The lord honored him for being courageous and voluntarily accepting a deadly challenge. He shows his hospitality to Sir Gawain as he offered him shelter.

• C. Sir Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

  - He was morally challenged upon meeting Lady Bertilak. The seductive treatment of hers tests his honesty, loyalty and reputation. I think Lady Bertilak is a part of the test to determine if Sir Gawain's chivalric dilemma will maintain or ruin by temptation.

  
  

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with the current social context?

   • Romantic chivalry applies more to medieval times wherein the system of kingdom was relevant. People, especially the knights are expected to maintain their loyalty, bravery and devotion. Modern chivalry refers to an ethical behavior or rule of people that some are indirectly dictating but rather doing it because it is universally accepted. It includes just listening when others or someone is still speaking. It is now relevant in social context because people nowadays know to read the room.

   
   

3. 5 Christian symbolism

   
   

   • The prayer is a christian act of people, solemnly and respectfully talking to God. Sir Gawain never forgets to pray all throughout the story.

   • Saint Julian is known as the Saint of Travelers, which Sir Gawain called in order to bless him with safety towards his journey. Sir Gawain called him when he looked for a shelter.

   • The celebration of Christmas which was evident in the story represents the Christian celebration which honors Christ. It was shown at the beginning of the story where the event was described as joyful, filled with feasting and dancing.

   • The Pentangle symbolizes the five virtues of knighthood and the five wounds of Christ, which also describe his christian faith.

   • Confession symbolizes a Christian act where people confess to their sin they've made.

4. The symbolism of the green lace or girdle

   • The symbolism of the green lace or girdle shows the hope of Sir Gawain for a miracle that it brings which is to protect him. It changed when he discovered the truth when he met the Green Knight. It now represents the cowardice that he acted in. It reflects the shame upon him. He was known as a mighty knight but being a coward in a challenge that he started to accept, but later hid in his fears.

5. Why is the adventure important for the Arthurian mythos/ order of knights?

   • Adventure is important for the knights because it serves them as a heroic act which reflects their chivalric dilemmas. It also serves as a tradition for them because this will test their bravery, loyalty and devotion to their kingdom. This challenges the knights of how far they can go in terms of dealing with challenges, especially their biggest fears. Adventure will serve as a document in order for them to honor all of their works and sacrifices they've made.

   
   

BSE ENG IIIA

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain - Sir Gawain is also one of King Arthur's Knights and nephews. He was the weakest and the dullest mind according to the poem. Despite having some weakness, he was the one who took part in the challenge that the Green Knight gave. He shows bravery, gratefulness and respect towards the people who helped him, such as the Lord of the castle. Also was recognized as an honest Knight despite the result of the challenge he took.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight" - He was a giant bearded knight wearing an overall green clothing. He also was riding in a green horse when he entered Camelot. He was also holding a halberd which matches his own height, and was used for the challenge. Speaking of the challenge, he was the one who has a smart and straightforward personality who challenges and tests the knight's chivalry through a challenge he presented. Later on was revealed to be the same person as the Lord Bertilak

3. King Arthur - The famous brave ruler of the knight. He was the husband of Queen Guinevere and the uncle of Sir Gawain. He was the embodiment of being the noblest person in the story. He was described as a lovely and little boyish person. Lastly, he was the main role model of being chivalrous as a Knight, who's willing to be the one at first to the Green Knight’s challenge.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert - He was seen as a hospitable lord of his own castle. He was the one who took care and let Sir Gawain stay in his castle and aid him. It is also shown how honored he was to have a Knight as a guest. Aside from that, he was the one who both told Sir Gawain how far the Green Chapel was and gave him a challenge. Later on, he was revealed to be the Green Knight himself.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak - The lady and wife of Lord Bertilak. She was described to be a beautiful woman, who looks more beautiful than Queen Guinevere. She was the temptress in the story who tries to seduce Sir Gawain, but ends up failing from it. She was the source of the kisses that Sir Gawain received which he gave back to the Lord for their challenge. Most importantly, she's the one who gives the green girdle for his protection against the dangers he may face.

6. Morgan le Faye - Morgan le Faye was known as the half sister of King Arthur. She was also known as either a powerful witch or wizard, greater than Merlin. From Sir Gawain’s adventure, she was the old lady at the castle. She was also the one who was behind the challenges, the one who suggested these to the Green Knight. She's the one who uses the challenges not only to test the chivalry of the knights, but also to scare the Queen.

BSE- ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

B. Detailed description of the characters

1. Sir Gawain

   - He is one of the iconic figures known for his bravery, loyalty and moral struggles. He is known as a knight that was set as the standard but later had flaws. In the beginning of the story, the bravery of Sir Gawain was evident when he took King Arthur's place to accept the deadly game. In the latter part of the story, Sir Gawain was ashamed of his cowardice and defines himself as low, breaking the idealistic type of a knight that not a single knight can surpass. Despite those flaws, it doesn't make him lose his morals.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

   - known to be an Arthurian legend by his story because it highlights the deadly challenges and his cunning personality. The idea of his character being the one who challenges a knight makes him remarkable, including his appearance being in a height of a giant, colored green and carrying an axe. He is also stated to be a supernatural being because of being beheaded and just holding his head like nothing happened. The characteristics mentioned portray that this character is truly scary, being supported by the following details that no knight did take place at first.

3. King Arthur

   - He is a notable leader in Arthurian Lore known for his chivalric, justice and heroic leadership. He is also known as someone with a sword called Excalibur. He is the ruler of Camelot which the story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight begins. In the beginning of the story, his youthful behavior was seen which makes the Green Knight mock the kingdom but being brave when it first took place to accept the challenge. The last part of the story shows the gracious acceptance of Sir Gawain’s confession and takes it as a lesson for the Knights.

4. Lord Bertilak

   - He is known as a hospitable one because of his generous act when Sir Gawain asks for a shelter. He even offers Sir Gawain food and shelter. He is like a two-masked person because of being genuine on the outside but having a motive behind. The idea of his cunning personality reflects and determines Sir Gawain's weakness and cowardice throughout his stay at the castle and the challenge for him, as The Green Knight.

5. Lady Bertilak

   - She is known as the woman of temptation in the story. Her beauty attracted Sir Gawain and even made him compare it to Queen Guinevere. Her act made him struggle physically and his dilemmas about being a worthy knight. She is also defined as one of the tests of Lord Bertilak to see if Sir Gawain can maintain his honesty, loyalty and bravery upon staying in the castle.

6. Morgan le Faye

   - She is known as a woman full of mystery in the story. It is evident when she uses her magic, changing into an unattractive old woman. At the end of the story, she is defined as someone who plans this challenge of Sir Gawain. Her antagonistic act was caused by her revenge and jealousy.

BSE-ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. How characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

• In the story, people greet each other with a lot of respect. When Sir Gawain got to Bertilak’s castle, the servants treated him like an important guest right away, helping him change into nice clothes before dinner. Bertilak himself gave Sir Gawain a warm welcome, which shows how much value they put on good manners back then.

  
  

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

• When Sir Gawain meets Bertilak, there’s no tension at all—just food, drink, and a comfortable place to stay. Lord Bertilak doesn’t even question him much, which makes that welcome feel very genuine. It’s a good example of how chivalry isn’t just about fighting but also about treating guests well.

  
  

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

• The mornings with Lady Bertilak are different. She comes into Sir Gawain’s room, greets him in a friendly but slightly teasing way, and tries to get him to flirt back. Gawain’s polite, but he’s trying hard not to cross the line, which is part of not just the knightly code, but also the 'bro code' we call nowadays: another man's woman is not your woman.

  
  

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

• Romantic chivalry in the Middle Ages was about risking your life for honor, even die to preserve it, serving your lady, and keeping your words no matter what. Today, “chivalry” is just everyday politeness, and it’s not tied to gender roles as much. It’s more about basic respect now, they also call it basic decency. And I think, that's more appropriate because it opens our mind to the fact that regardless of gender or sexual orientation, you can't have a 'rude pass' when you really sounded rude.

  
  

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• The pentangle on Sir Gawain's shield stands for five knightly virtues, kind of like his moral checklist.

• Sir Gawain prays to the Virgin Mary when he’s cold and lost, and right after that he finds the castle.

• The three days with the lady are a kind of test, like how Christ was tested.

• He goes to confession before meeting the Green Knight so his soul is clean.

• The Green Chapel feels like a place of judgement, not just a random spot in the woods.

  
  

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

• At first, the green girdle is just a way for Sir Gawain to stay alive—he takes it because Lady Bertilak says it can protect him from any harm. After the Sir Gawain's fight with the Green Knight (which is actually Lord Bertilak), it’s more like a mark of his mistake. He felt like he was spared from death out of pity. Back at Camelot though, the knights wear green too, so it becomes a sign of unity instead of shame.

  
  

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

• Knights need adventures and battles to prove who they are, their worth. Without dangerous quests, there’s nothing to test their courage or loyalty, or even their honor. That’s why so many Arthurian stories are about journeys and trials. Above all, the things they accomplished during those journeys became more of a living proof how one of a kind of a man they are.

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

— Arthur’s nephew, brave but humble. He takes the challenge so Arthur doesn’t have to. In the story, he’s shown as honorable but still human, with fears and flaws. He's honest, as seen at the end where he admitted his shameful act upon facing the Green Knight. His courage to tell this truth to his comrades made him deemed more braver than any of them, which is to why at the end, the knights wear green sash/baldric too to show their support.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

— The Green Knight is exactly what he's named. A giant guy, completely green from head to toe: skin, hair, clothes, even the horse. He rides into Camelot during their Yuletide feast, challenging the knights to a beheading game. He’s calm and polite, which is strange for someone who’s basically challenging them to chop off his head. Later, it turns out he’s Lord Bertilak under magic, so the whole thing was a setup to test the honor of the Knights of the Round Table.

3. King Arthur

— In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Arthur doesn’t feel like the old, wise king we see in other legends. He’s younger here, more restless — like he’s waiting for something exciting to happen. At the New Year’s feast, he even says he won’t eat until something strange or daring takes place, which honestly makes him seem a little impatient but also kind of fun. He doesn’t make Gawain take the challenge, but when Gawain volunteers, Arthur accepts it in a way that still keeps the dignity of the court. It’s different from the usual image of Arthur, though — this version is more about curiosity and the thrill of adventure than calm leadership.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

— Lord Bertilak, at first, just seems like a friendly, almost overly generous lord. He welcomes Gawain like they’ve known each other for years and offers him food, rest, and all the warmth of his home. Then he brings up this “exchange of winnings” game, which sounds simple but feels a bit odd. Later, we learn he’s actually the Green Knight, which makes all those earlier moments feel way more loaded with meaning. It’s like he was enjoying the game on two levels, the regular hunt and the hidden test.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

— She’s polite and elegant, but there’s a sharpness to her, like she knows exactly what she’s doing. She visits Gawain’s room in the mornings and keeps testing him — not in an obvious, hostile way, but with compliments, teasing, and offers that are hard to reject without being rude. She’s part of her husband’s plan, but she plays her role so well that Gawain has to think on his feet every time. She’s not as famous in the bigger Arthurian tales, but here she’s the one who really pushes Gawain to his limits.

6. Morgan le Faye

— Morgan barely shows up in the poem, but she’s actually the one who set the whole thing in motion. We only find out at the end that she wanted to scare Queen Guinevere and challenge the Round Table. In other stories, she’s Arthur’s half-sister and a powerful sorceress, sometimes helping, sometimes plotting against him. Here, she’ s more like the hidden mastermind, reminding us legends start because someone clever stirs it.

BSED-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

Is a mighty knight and also a nephew of King Arthur. He was one of the honorable knights and was known for his courtesy. When the Green knight appeared in the story challenging anyone in the court he volunteered on behalf of king Arthur making a great effort to show his loyalty and virtues but later on fumbled when the Lady of the castle gave him a green girdle which he kept a secret to the Lord of the castle non compliance to their agreement. This action of him showed that he is also a human, he believed that the green girdle would save him when he finally meets the green knight.

2. The Green Knight as "The Green Knight"

 The green knight was described as an entirely green figure who has a massive body built. He is an interesting character, something that will surely catch your attention. He challenged the people in the Camelot into a beheading game. He was later revealed to be Lord Bertilak, the one who helped Gawain find the green chapel. He tested Gawain’s honesty and loyalty.

3. King Arthur

The ruler of Camelot. A young and spirited ruler who seems to enjoy amusing things in his kingdom. He is a chivalrous man that even after he learned about Sir Gawain’s betrayal he chose to forgive and embraced the green girdle as a sign of unity.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

Lord Bertilak was portrayed as a hospitable nobleman who provided shelter and food to Sir Gawain when he was looking for the green chapel nearby their castle. He was somehow gullible as at some part of the story when he was given a kiss by Gawain he didn't really ask where it came from until the second day. 

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

A beautiful and graceful lady of the castle. When she and Gawain were left in the castle she tried to seduce him as a part of her husbands’ initial plan. She also gave Sir Gawain a green girdle which she said would protect him from danger, something that became the turning of his trial.

6. Morgan le Faye

A powerful enchantress who transformed Bertilak into the Green Knight. She is also Arthur’s half sister and the mastermind of the events in the story- testing the Camelot’s honor and causing anxiety to Queen Guinevere.

BSE-English 3A

Eng 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

Sir Gawain - He is known solely for being ephew of King Arthur. However, that changed when they knew that heis unquestionably courageous and selfless. This was shown when he chose to be the one who will fight with the beheading game proposed by the Green Knight.

The Green Knight as the “The Green Knight” - The Green Knight is a humongous (he is holding halberd, a pole weapon, using only one hand.) His whole body is color green and buffed. He also has a horse. He also represents dullahan, a creature from Irish mythology, when he got beheaded. He is provocative, it is seen when he questioned the pride and reputation of King Arthur's kingdom.

King Arthur

He is known for being strong and courageous—hence he is really respected by his people. He is proud but not vain. He takes pride in the achievements of his Kingdom but not necessary brag it. He is also hospitable, he even welcomed the suspicious Green Knight.

Lord Berilak/Benlak of Hautdesert - He is a wise and mysterious. Although he appears to be a “normal” lord of the caslte, he is wise especially with his strategy of putting sir Gawain to test and trials. Him being mysterious is shown when he made a deal and his questionable presuation of Sur Gawain to stay in the palace.

Lady Bertilak/Bernlak- She is incomprehensibly beautiful, even Guinevere would look ordinary next to her. This is according to Sir Gawain as he describes her. And I quote, “Fairest was she in skin, in figure, and in face, Of height and colour too, in every way so fair That e'en Gaynore, the queen, might scarce with her compare.” How her beauty was described makes sense because even Sir Gawain was questioning his morality.

Morgan le Faye - She is an extremely powerful woman. She is King Arthur's half sister. She is a skilled sorcerer and she used it to test people's courage, and determination. Although she seems like a villainess, her actions came from her desire to help their peop

le grow.

BSE-ENG 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences.

(#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:

a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

The knights greet one another with respect, courtesy, and warmth because it is expected and ingrained in them as part of the knightly code of romance and chivalry. This is shown when Gawain arrived at the lord’s castle: “A goodly greeting gave, and joyful spake withal; ‘Now shall I first fulfil thy forward, mine and thine…’”This greetings demonstrate how knights are expected to show honor and respect in all  encounters.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

Gawain treats the lord with deep respect, courtesy, and honor not only because he is the master of the castle but also because he welcomed him warmly. He agreed to their exchange game, showing his willingness to engage in a fair and honorable challenge. This is shown in Stanza XXIII: “Gramercy,” quoth Gawain, “In all good faith, I ween / The honour it is yours, and may Christ you repay,” reflecting the chivalric ideal of noble men.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

Sir Gawain demonstrates the romantic chivalry of a knight by resisting temptation while maintaining courtesy. This is shown in the line: “No gift, my lady gay, of goodwill will I take, since I have naught to give naught will I take of thee.” Even in refusal, his words are gracious, showing both loyalty to his vows and respect for the lady’s dignity.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context.

Romantic chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight emphasizes qualities knights must possess, such as loyalty to their kings, honor, bravery, helping those in need, defending the defenseless, and showing respect and service to ladies at all times. In the current social context, some claim chivalry is no longer about gender, yet it is worth asking if society truly expects chivalry from women. Many people say “chivalry is not dead” when men buy flowers, open doors, or perform other acts of courtesy. This often frames chivalry as a display of traditional masculinity rather than a shared code of honor. As a result, there is little societal expectation for women to uphold it in the same way.

3. Give me at least five
   Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

• Saint Julian

Gawain calls on Saint Julian, the patron saint of hospitality. “I trow, that day Christ, and Saint Julian, that they had heard alway / Courteous, his piteous prayer, and hearkened to his cry — / ‘Now grant me,’ quoth the knight, ‘here right good hostelry.’” This quote from the poem shows his faith that divine help can provide safety and shelter and reflects how knights relied on saints as spiritual protectors in times of hardship.

• Confession and Absolution

Confession and absolution is a clear Christian reference to the act of confession, where a person admits their sins. It involves accepting penance and receiving forgiveness, as shown when Gawain says, “Thy misdeeds hast thou shewn, and hast confessed thee clean, / Hast borne the penance sharp of this, mine axe-edge keen, / I hold thee here absolved, and purged as clean this morn / As thou hadst ne’er done wrong since the day thou wert born.” This shows the importance of forgiveness and redemption through truth.

• Mary

In Christian tradition, Mary symbolizes purity, compassion, and protection. Calling on her before facing danger shows Gawain’s trust in divine guidance, evident in the line, “By Mary,” quoth the squire, “now ye so much have said / That this, your harm, henceforth, to your own count be laid.” This quote highlights the spiritual support Gawain receives.

• Christmas

In the beginning of the story, it is the celebration of Christmas, which marks the birth of Christ. This symbolizes hope, sacrifice, and the renewal of faith, as the poem states, “Then, on the morrow morn, when all men bear in mind / How our dear Lord was born to die for all mankind, / Joy in each dwelling dwells…” It sets Gawain’s journey in a holy season, giving it deeper spiritual meaning.

• Pentangle

The pentangle is the Christian symbol of truth and perfection, representing the five virtues of a knight: generosity, fellowship, purity, courtesy, and compassion. Gawain’s wearing of it shows his dedication to both chivalric and Christian values, supported by the lines, “For Solomon as sign erst the Pentangle set / In tokening of truth, it bears that title yet… / Each line in other laced, no ending there is seen.” This quote emphasizes the symbol’s representation of flawless virtue.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

At first, the green girdle symbolizes protection from harm when the lady of the castle gives it to Gawain, claiming it will keep him safe from death. Gawain accepts which makes it symbolize human temptation which make him failure to fully keep the chivalric code. When the truth is revealed at the Green Chapel, the girdle meaning changes. It becomes s symbol of his imperfection and the lesson he learned from his journey. By the end, it symbolizes honesty, humility, and the personal growth he gained from his adventure.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

Adventure is important for the Arthurian mythos and the order of knights because it tests their strength, courage, and endurance in both physical and moral challenges. Through quests and trials, knights prove their loyalty, uphold their honor, and show their dedication to the chivalric code. These journeys also build their reputation, making them respected and trusted as noble protectors of the realm. By facing dangers and overcoming obstacles, they gain personal glory while inspiring others to live by the same values. In this way, adventure strengthens both the individual knight and the entire Arthurian order.

BSE ENG-3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain

One of King Arthur’s most loyal and honorable knights, known for his courtesy, bravery, and adherence to the chivalric code. But he said in the story that he is the weakest of all, so let him do the challenge of the Green Knight. In the story, it shows a knight can have flaws and be tempted, yet he redeemed himself by being true at the end. As he says, “Quoth Gawain to the King, ‘I pray right worthily / Thou bid me quit this seat, and take my stand by thee…’” which shows his willingness to face danger for honor.

2. The Green Knight as “The Green Knight”

The Green Knight was described as completely green and holding an halberg with one hand, “Highest in stature he, of all on earth who dwell! / From neck to waist so square, and eke so thickly set…,” highlighting his impressive and intimidating presence. He was asko calm and confident, he often mocked the knights he encountered, testing their bravery and honesty. His challenge to Sir Gawain was meant to examine Gawain’s courage and truthfulness as a knight.

3. King Arthur

King Arthur is the ruler of Camelot and leader of the Arthurian knights, known for his fairness, wisdom, and strong leadership, as seen in the Round Table where everyone is equal. In the poem  it was stated that “Also a custom good, to which the King was fain - Thro’ valour ’stablished fast -that never would he eat…,” which illustrates Arthur’s love for adventure , he is looking for excitement and won’t eat until he hears a wondrous story of the knights. He shows his bravery by accepting the Green Knight’s challenge himself. Arthur also cares for Sir Gawain, praying for him and supporting him by providing what Gawain needs.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert

In the poem it was stated that “The castle’s lord doth come forth from his chamber door, / To greet, with fitting grace, his guest upon the floor…,” which shows Lord Bertilak is a gracious and generous host who welcomes Sir Gawain with warmth and hospitality. He challenged Gawain to a game in the way that he hunts. He runs his castle with care and fairness. Though friendly and cheerful, he cleverly uses a game of exchanging daily gains to secretly test Gawain’s honesty and loyalty.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak

She was described in the poem as “Fairest was she in skin, in figure, and in face, / Of height and colour too, in every way so fair,” emphasizing her exceptional beauty. She uses her beauty and charm to tempt Sir Gawain, testing his virtue and loyalty. Her playful yet serious seduction challenges Gawain to balance desire with his knightly duties. She also gives him the green girdle that tempts him.

6. Morgan le Faye

Morgan le Faye is portrayed as a powerful enchantress who uses her magic to test the knights of King Arthur’s court. She is mysterious and cunning, often working behind the scenes to challenge the honor and bravery of the Round Table knights. The poem says, “She sent me in this guise unto King Arthur’s hall / To test your knightly pride, if it were sooth, withal,” revealing her role in planning the challenges that test the knights’ true character.

BSED- ENG 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. (#1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each)

1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with:
   a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

 When i was reading the story of Sir Gawain and Green knights i noticed that the characters’ way of coversersing is highly formal. Their behaviour towards one another was stricly adhered to their customs and rules. knights they are respected by the people around them, and i think that greeting and bowing to each other tells a lot about respect and strength.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

 When Sir Gawain was welcomed to the castle by the Lord of the house, which was revealed to be Lord Bertilak at the end, he showed politeness by warmly thanking him for letting him stay at the castle for days.The Lord of the house also showed chilvarious gestures when he provided Sir Gawain shelter and foods in exchange of participating in the challenge he has. They both showed Courtesy and Respect with one another in the short period of their encounter.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

Sir Gawain showed chivalry towards the lady of the castle by politely rejecting her when she was trying to seduce him. One moment he told the Lady “I am a knight unworthy, and nothing to your praise;

I would be a poor prize, were I to prove myself your love.” He called himself unworthy to turn down the offer of the Lady without outrightly refusing it as it would offend her. This showed how chilvarious he was that even in an awkward situation full of temptation he was able to remain calm and polite towards the Lady.

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

For , romantic chivalry in the old days was all about knights doing exaggerated  gestures to prove their loyalty and honor, especially when there are females involved, making it look like a performance. It was tied to their strict rules and values , and at times more about status than real connection. In today’s world, chivalry is  different, it’s more about how they respect each other , equality, and showing care in simpleway . As a 3rd year hopeless romantic student, I think real chivalry now is about treating people as equals regardless of gender , supporting their dreams , and being kind without expecting anything in return.

3. Give me at least five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and explain why they were made.

In the story , I see the pentangle on his  shield as more than just a design and for aesthetics —it’s like carrying your core values with you everywhere you go. It symbolizes the Christian virtues generosity, courtesy, chastity, piety, and compassion. His choice to confess before meeting the Green Knight made an impact  because it felt like him making peace with himself. The scenes with Lady Bertilak symbolizing temptation isn’t always dramatic; sometimes it’s the small choices that test your character the most. The timeline of the story is one christian reference as it happens during Christmas and New Year, the time for  people to reflect and start over.

4. Explain the symbolism tied to the green lace or girdle found in the story and how it changed at the end, twice.

The green girdle in the story went through such a big change in meaning. At first, it was a sign of  Sir Gawain’s fear and weakness, showing that he is just a human, who’s scared to die in such a hideous way and how he didn’t fully trust God’s protection. After the Green Knight’s 3rd strike  and when he was spared, it became a reminder of his failure, as a knight and a christian —a mark of shame he chose to wear as a lesson. But when he returned to Camelot and the whole court wore it with him, it turned into a symbol of unity and respect,

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

In Arthurian mythologies, adventure matters because it’s the way knights proves theirself - their courage, honor, and loyalty to their Lords. They don’t just stay in Camelot or sit around waiting for glory—instead, they go out  on quests to face challenges, give help to others, and enjoy every bit of it.

BSE ENGLISH 3A

ENGL 513

A. Answer each question in three to five sentences. #1's sub-questions must be answered in at least three sentences each) 1. How does romantic chivalry present itself in "Sir Gawain in the Green Knight", specifically with: a. how characters generally treat one another when they greet one another

-In the story, people greet each other in a very kind and respectful way. When they meet whether they already know each other or not they bow, shake hands, or even hug. They speak in a polite tone and use friendly words. This is part of the knight’s code, which says you must show honor to everyone. Even when the situation is serious or strange, they still follow these manners because it shows respect.

b. Gawain's encounter with the lord of the castle

-When Gawain meets the lord of the castle, he is welcomed warmly and treated like someone important. The lord invites him inside, offers him food, drinks, and a place to rest. He makes sure Gawain is safe and comfortable. Gawain thanks him and speaks in a humble way, showing he knows how to act as a proper guest. This moment shows both the lord’s kindness and Gawain’s good manners, which are both part of chivalry.

c. Gawain's encounter with the lady of the castle

-When Gawain meets the lady of the castle, things are a little more difficult. The lady speaks sweetly to him, praises him, and tries to get close to him. Gawain answers her politely, because it would be rude to insult her. But he also makes sure not to say or do anything that would break his honor as a knight. This shows that chivalry is also about controlling yourself and showing respect in personal situations

2. How does the idea of romantic chivalry differ from the idea of chivalry in line with current social context?

- In the old days, romantic chivalry was a knight’s rule for living. It meant being brave, loyal to the king, protecting the weak, being polite to ladies, and keeping promises. It also had the idea of “courtly love,” where knights admired and served noble women. Today, chivalry is not about knights or battles. It is more about being kind, respectful, and fair to everyone, no matter their gender or position in life.

3. Five Christian references or symbolisms in the story and why they were made:

1. Gawain’s prayer to God and Mary – Shows that he trusts God to help and guide him.

2. The pentangle on his shield – Stands for the five good qualities of a knight and the five wounds of Jesus.

3. The Christmas season – Reminds readers of peace, joy, and the birth of Christ, which is different from the danger of the Green Knight’s challenge.

4. Gawain’s confession – Shows the Christian belief in saying sorry for sins before facing death or danger.

5. The Green Chapel – Even if it looks strange, it becomes the place where Gawain’s courage and honesty are tested, like how Christians face tests in life.

4. Symbolism of the green lace or girdle and how it changed twice at the end:

- At first, the green lace means safety because Gawain believes it will keep him from dying. It also shows temptation, because he hides it and breaks his deal with the lord. At the end, the meaning changes for the first time it becomes a sign of his mistake and weakness. Then it changes again it becomes a sign of honesty and learning a lesson, because Gawain wears it to remember what happened.

5. Why is adventure important for the Arthurian mythos / order of knights?

- Adventure is important because it tests a knight’s bravery, loyalty, and honor. In the stories of King Arthur, adventures and quests are how knights prove they are true to their code. Adventures also give them chances to help people, face danger, and make difficult choices. These stories inspire others and bring glory to the Round Table. Without adventures, the knights would have nothing to prove their worth.

BSE ENG 3A

ENGL 513

B. Give a detailed description of the following characters based on Arthurian lore and how they were described in the story:

1. Sir Gawain
- In Arthurian stories, Sir Gawain is one of King Arthur’s best and most loyal knights. He is brave, polite, and always tries to follow the knight’s rules. In the story, he accepts the Green Knight’s challenge to protect King Arthur’s honor. He is respectful to others, even when the lady of the castle tries to tempt him. He makes mistakes but admits them and learns from them.

2. The Green Knight
- In the legends, the Green Knight is a strange and magical man. He is very big, very strong, and green from head to toe, even his horse. In the story, he comes to King Arthur’s court with a challenge: one knight can hit him with an axe, but he will return the blow in one year. Gawain cuts off his head, but he does not die, showing his magic powers. His challenge is a test of courage and honesty.

3. King Arthur
- In the legends, King Arthur is the wise and noble king of Camelot. He leads the Knights of the Round Table and treats people fairly. In the story, he welcomes the Green Knight and is ready to accept the challenge himself. Gawain steps in to protect him. Arthur’s court is shown as a place of honor, celebration, and respect.

4. Lord Bertilak/Bernlak of Hautdesert
- In the legends, Lord Bertilak is a strong and kind lord who owns a great castle. In the story, he welcomes Gawain warmly, gives him food and rest, and makes a game with him to exchange what they win each day. In the end, it is revealed that Bertilak is actually the Green Knight in disguise. This shows that the whole thing was a test for Gawain.

5. Lady Bertilak/Bernlak
- In the legends, she is the wife of Lord Bertilak. She is beautiful, smart, and knows how to use her words. In the story, she tries to tempt Gawain while her husband is out hunting. She gives him small gifts, like the green lace, and praises him to test his manners and self-control. She does this as part of the plan made by her husband and Morgan le Faye.

6. Morgan le Faye
- In the legends, Morgan le Faye is a powerful woman who knows magic. She is King Arthur’s half-sister and sometimes causes trouble for him. In the story, she is the one who made the plan for the Green Knight’s challenge. She wanted to test the knights and scare Queen Guinevere. She is the hidden reason why all the events in the story happen.