I'm Nurin Ilyana binti Mat Hussin, but you can just call me Nurin. I was born on April 15, 2005, and my journey in education started at SK Sultan Ahmad for primary school. After that, I moved on to MRSM Tun Abdul Razak for my high school years, which were full of memorable experiences. Recently, I completed my studies in the Science stream at Pahang Matriculation College. When I’m not studying, you can often find me on the badminton court as playing badminton is one of my favorite ways to unwind and stay active ᯓ★

I live in Pekan, Pahang with my big family. I have four sisters and one brother, and I'm the fifth sibling out of six. My favorite color is black. I just love how sleek and timeless it looks! When it comes to food, I can never say no to sushi or ramen. Japanese food is definitely a favorite of mine. As for my future, I aspire to become an educator. I’ve always been passionate about learning and sharing knowledge, so I hope to inspire others in the same way someday ꩜ .ᐟ

Here’s how you can reach me, feel free to connect anytime!

E-mail: nurinyana05@gmail.com

Instagram: nrnilyana

These adab, when practiced in conjunction with seeking knowledge, lead to spiritual growth, better understanding of the Deen, and benefit in both this world and the Hereafter.

1. The Appearance of the Dajjal (Antichrist):

   • Dajjal is a false messiah who will appear before the end of times. He will deceive many people and claim to be a divine figure. He will perform miraculous feats to convince others of his power.

   • Hadith: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "There has never been a trial since the time of Adam’s creation greater than the trial of the Dajjal." (Sahih Muslim)

     
     

2. The Descent of Isa (Jesus) عليه السلام:

   • Isa (A.S.), who was raised to the heavens by Allah, will descend to earth to defeat the Dajjal and establish justice and peace. He will break the cross, kill the swine, and lead the people back to the true path of monotheism.

   • Hadith: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, son of Mary will shortly descend among you as a just ruler." (Sahih Bukhari)

     
     

3. The Emergence of the Beast (Dabbat al-Ard):

   • A mysterious beast will emerge from the earth and will speak to people, marking the end of an era. It will distinguish the believers from the disbelievers.

   • Quran: "And when the word [i.e., decree] is fulfilled against them, We will bring out for them a creature of the earth to speak to them..." (Quran 27:82)

     
     

4. The Sun Rising from the West:

   • One of the great signs of Kiamat will be that the sun will rise from the west instead of the east. After this happens, repentance will no longer be accepted.

   • Hadith: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "The Hour will not come until the sun rises from the west. When the people see it, then whoever is on earth will believe, but that will not benefit a soul who did not believe before..." (Sahih Bukhari)

     
     

5. The Smoke (Dukhan):

   • A thick smoke will cover the earth, affecting both believers and disbelievers. It will be a sign of the impending Day of Judgment.

   • Quran: "Then wait for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke." (Quran 44:10)

     
     

6. The Great Earthquake (Zalzalah):

   • A massive earthquake will shake the earth, signaling the final moments of the world.

   • Quran: "When the earth is shaken with its [final] earthquake." (Quran 99:1)

     
     

7. The Fire:

   • A fire will emerge from Yemen and drive people towards the place of gathering for judgment (the land of Syria).

   • Hadith: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "The Hour will not be established until a fire will come out of the land of Hijaz, and will light up the necks of the camels in Busra." (Sahih Muslim)

     
     

8. The Final Trumpet (Blowing of the Horn):

   • The angel Israfil will blow the trumpet, which will cause the entire universe to collapse. This event will mark the end of the world and the beginning of resurrection.

   • Quran: "And the Horn will be blown, and all who are in the heavens and all who are on the earth will fall dead, except whom Allah wills." (Quran 39:68)

     
     

How to Prepare for the Day of Judgment

1. Strengthen Your Iman (Faith):

   • Iman in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and Qadar (fate) should be firm. Believing in the signs of Kiamat reinforces the understanding of Allah’s power and the reality of the Hereafter.

   • Quran: "The Day when neither wealth nor children will avail, except for one who comes to Allah with a sound heart." (Quran 26:88–89)

     
     

2. Repentance (Tawbah):

   • Regularly seek forgiveness from Allah for sins. Repentance before the major signs begin is important because, after certain signs (like the sun rising from the west), repentance will no longer be accepted.

   • Quran: "And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed." (Quran 24:31)

     
     

3. Perform Good Deeds:

   • Engage in acts of worship, such as Salah (prayer), Zakat (charity), and Sawm (fasting). These deeds purify the soul and bring one closer to Allah.

   • Quran: "Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds – they are the best of creatures." (Quran 98:7)

     
     

4. Strengthen Your Knowledge:

   • Study the Quran and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to understand the signs of the end of times and to follow the correct path.

   • Hadith: "Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim." (Sunan Ibn Majah)

     
     

5. Increase in Dhikr (Remembrance of Allah):

   • Engage in the remembrance of Allah regularly. Dhikr purifies the heart and keeps a person mindful of their duties to Allah.

   • Hadith: "Whoever recites ‘SubhanAllah’ 100 times a day, it will be a protection for him from the punishment of the grave and the punishment of the Hellfire." (Sahih Muslim)

     
     

6. Help Others and Spread Good:

   • Helping others through charity, advice, and good actions is a key way to prepare for the Hereafter. Encourage others to do good as well.

   • Hadith: "The best of people are those that bring most benefit to the rest of mankind." (Daraqutni)

     
     

7. Avoid Major Sins and Repent from Them:

   • Avoid committing major sins such as shirk (associating partners with Allah), lying, stealing, and other immoral acts. Repent sincerely for past wrongdoings.

   • Quran: "Indeed, Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills." (Quran 4:48)

Being part of this usrah has taught me the value of community. No matter how challenging life may get, we are never alone. In times of hardship, we lift each other up, and in times of joy, we celebrate together, thankful for Allah’s countless blessings. Through these bonds, we not only learn but also become better versions of ourselves, fulfilling our purpose as servants of Allah.

May this usrah continue to grow stronger, may we remain united in our pursuit of knowledge, and may Allah grant us success both in this world and the Hereafter. May we always find peace, support, and strength in each other’s presence.

Thank you and may Allah’s blessings be upon us all.

Hadiths related to Eschatology:

• The Accountability of Deeds:

  • Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Every servant will be judged by Allah for his actions, and on that Day, no one will be helped except by His mercy." (Sahih al-Bukhari)

• The Mercy of Allah:

  • Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Allah will give a man a final trial on the Day of Judgment and say, 'Did I not give you wealth and health?' He will respond affirmatively, and Allah will remind him that he had failed in worship. Yet Allah's mercy will prevail." (Sahih Muslim)

Notes on the Concept of Eschatology in Islam by the Journal of Middle East and Islamic Studies:

1. Definition of Eschatology

• Eschatology examines "last things," such as death, the Day of Judgment, resurrection, and the afterlife.

• In Islam, it is known as "Ma'ad," referring to the return of the soul to its origin after death.

2. Importance in Islamic Belief

• Central to the Five Pillars of Faith, specifically belief in the Day of Judgment.

• Coupled with belief in Allah, these form the foundation of Islamic theology.

• Acts as a moral motivator, guiding Muslims to live responsibly and ethically.

3. The Quranic Perspective

• The Quran vividly describes eschatological events, including:

  • Resurrection and accountability of deeds (Surah Al-Hajj: 5).

  • Cosmic events, such as the heavens being torn apart and the earth laid bare (Surah Al-Infithar).

  • Rewards for the righteous (Jannah) and punishments for the wicked (Jahannam).

4. Fazlur Rahman's Perspective

• Rahman emphasizes:

  • The hereafter as a real and concrete event.

  • Eschatology’s role in moral and spiritual development.

  • A transformative view of cosmic destruction, focusing on renewal rather than annihilation.

  • Balance between worldly pursuits and preparation for the afterlife, as the two are interconnected.

5. Tafsir Al-Munir on Surah Al-Infithar

• Provides detailed insights into apocalyptic imagery:

  • Stars scattering, seas merging, and graves overturned.

  • The unveiling of deeds and judgment by Allah.

• Stresses human accountability, as deeds are meticulously recorded by angels.

• Highlights two groups:

  1. The obedient: Rewarded with eternal bliss in paradise.

  2. The disobedient: Punished with eternal suffering in hellfire.

6. Eschatology's Moral Implications

• Encourages adherence to divine commandments and ethical living.

• Warns against heedlessness and moral transgression.

• Fosters a sense of responsibility and hope for divine justice.

In Islam, eschatology centers on the Day of Judgment, where everyone is accountable for their deeds. It emphasizes moral responsibility, repentance, and faith in Allah's justice and mercy, with signs like the return of Isa (Jesus) and the appearance of the Dajjal marking the end times.

1. Surah Al-Baqarah (2:2):

"This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah."

Practice:

• Develop taqwa (consciousness of Allah) by being mindful in daily actions, such as avoiding sinful behavior and fulfilling obligations like Salah and Zakah.

• Recite and reflect on the Qur'an daily to strengthen faith and clarity in decision-making.

  
  

2. Surah An-Nahl (16:89):

"...And We have sent down to you the Book as clarification for all things and as guidance and mercy and good tidings for the Muslims."

Practice:

• Use the Qur'an as a source of solutions for challenges in life. For instance:

  • During disputes, remember Allah's command to maintain justice and kindness.

  • If feeling lost, reflect on the verses that remind about reliance on Allah (Tawakkul).

• Share good tidings by encouraging others to trust Allah’s mercy and promises of reward.

  
  

3. Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:8):

"...Be steadfast in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives..."

Practice:

• Uphold justice in everyday situations, whether mediating disputes, treating people fairly, or speaking the truth even if it's challenging.

• Evaluate your intentions in dealings with family, friends, or community to ensure alignment with Qur'anic ethics.

  
  

Hadith and Practices

1. Hadith on Recitation and Reflection:

   • The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
     "The Qur'an will come on the Day of Resurrection as an intercessor for its companions."
     (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 804)

   Practice:

   • Recite and memorize parts of the Qur'an regularly. Dedicate specific times daily for recitation with understanding (e.g., after Fajr or before sleeping).

   • Teach and share reflections on the Qur'an with family or friends.

     
     

2. Hadith on Following the Qur'an and Sunnah:

   • The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
     "I leave behind me two things: the Qur'an and my Sunnah, and if you follow these, you will never go astray."
     (Muwatta Malik, Book 46, Hadith 3)

   Practice:

   • Align your daily practices with Qur'anic values and the Sunnah. For example:

     • Show mercy and patience when dealing with others.

     • Be diligent in prayers, fasting, and charity, as commanded in the Qur'an and demonstrated by the Prophet (ﷺ).

       
       

By combining Qur'anic guidance with daily practical efforts, a person strengthens their connection to Allah and ensures they live a life in harmony with divine principles.

Hadith of Jibril (Summary):

The angel Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in the form of a man and asked about Islam, Iman, and Ihsan. The Prophet (ﷺ) responded:

1. Islam: The testimony of faith, prayer, fasting, almsgiving (Zakah), and pilgrimage.

2. Iman: Belief in Allah, His angels, His Books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and Qadar (divine decree).

3. Ihsan: To worship Allah as though you see Him, and though you do not see Him, know that He sees you.

(Sahih Muslim, Hadith 8)

1. Shahadah (Testimony of Faith)

"There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His Messenger."

Practice:

• Regularly renew and affirm the Shahadah, ensuring that every action reflects sincerity and monotheism (Tawhid).

• Avoid shirk (associating partners with Allah) in words and deeds.

• Teach the Shahadah to children and remind others of its significance.

  
  

2. Salah (Prayer)

"Establish prayer for My remembrance."
(Surah Taha 20:14)

Practice:

• Perform the five daily prayers (Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha) on time and with proper focus (khushu').

• Improve your understanding of the meaning of Salah by reflecting on the verses and supplications recited.

• Join congregational prayers (especially for Jummah) to strengthen the sense of community.

  
  

3. Zakah (Almsgiving)

"Take, [O Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase."
(Surah At-Tawbah 9:103)

Practice:

• Calculate and pay Zakah annually (2.5% of surplus wealth).

• Support those in need in your community with additional charity (Sadaqah), especially during hardships or emergencies.

• Develop an attitude of generosity and empathy by giving consistently.

  
  

4. Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan)

"O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous."
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183)

Practice:

• Fast during Ramadan and ensure its spiritual goals (e.g., controlling desires, increasing patience) are achieved.

• Engage in night prayers (Qiyam al-Layl) and recitation of the Qur'an.

• Fast additional days, such as Mondays, Thursdays, or the 13th-15th of each Islamic month.

  
  

5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca)

"And complete the Hajj and Umrah for Allah."
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:196)

Practice:

• Plan and save for Hajj if you are financially and physically able.

• Perform Umrah if possible, as it is a Sunnah.

• For those who have performed Hajj, maintain its spirit by living righteously and reminding others of its importance.

These practices help internalize the teachings of the Hadith and fulfill the Pillars of Islam with sincerity and devotion.

Belief in Allah is the foundation of Islamic faith, encompassing the belief that Allah is the one and only God, without partners, and the ultimate Creator and Sustainer of the universe.

• Quran:

  • "Allah – there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of existence." (Quran 3:2)

  • "Say, 'He is Allah, [Who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, nor is there to Him any equivalent.'" (Quran 112:1–4)

• Hadith:

  • The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "Whoever says 'La ilaha illallah' (There is no god but Allah) and dies, will enter Paradise." (Sahih Bukhari)

  • "Faith is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and to believe in destiny, both good and bad." (Sahih Muslim)

    
    

2. Iman in Malaikat (Faith in Angels)

Belief in the angels is a core element of Iman. Muslims believe that angels are created by Allah, made from light, and they carry out various tasks as commanded by Allah, including delivering revelations, guiding believers, and carrying out Allah's will.

• Quran:

  • "The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers, [saying], 'We make no distinction between any of His messengers.'" (Quran 2:285)

  • "Praise be to Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, who made the angels messengers with wings—two, three, or four." (Quran 35:1)

• Hadith:

  • The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "When Allah created the creation, He wrote in His Book, which is with Him on His Throne: 'My mercy prevails over My wrath.'" (Sahih Bukhari)

  • "There is no person among you but has an appointed companion [angel] who accompanies him." (Sahih Muslim)

    
    

3. Iman in Kitab (Faith in the Scriptures)

Muslims believe that Allah revealed books to various prophets, guiding humanity. The main scriptures include the Quran, Tawrat (Torah), Zabur (Psalms), and Injil (Gospel). The Quran is considered the final, unaltered revelation, and the others are believed to have been modified or lost over time.

• Quran:

  • "Indeed, We sent the Qur'an down during the Night of Decree. And what will make you know what is the Night of Decree? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months." (Quran 97:1–3)

  • "It is He who sent down to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth, confirming what was before it. And He sent down the Torah and the Gospel." (Quran 3:3)

• Hadith:

  • "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good or remain silent." (Sahih Bukhari)

  • "The first thing Allah created was the pen. He said to it, 'Write!' It wrote everything that was to happen." (Sunan Ibn Majah)

    
    

These three pillars form the foundation of a Muslim's faith and understanding of the unseen world. Together with the other three pillars (Iman in the Prophets, Day of Judgment, and Qadar), they complete the Muslim belief system.

1. Purpose of Prophets and Messengers:

   • They were sent to convey Allah's message, establish Tawhid (monotheism), and guide people to righteousness.

   • Each Prophet was sent to his specific nation, but the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was sent to all of humanity.

2. Difference Between Prophets (Anbiya') and Messengers (Rusul):

   • Prophets (Anbiya'): Received divine revelation but were not necessarily given new laws; they followed the laws of previous messengers.

   • Messengers (Rusul): Received a new divine law (Shari'ah) or were sent to deliver a specific message.

3. Finality of Prophethood:

   • Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is the Seal of the Prophets (Khatam An-Nabiyyin). No prophet will come after him.

   • Qur'anic Evidence:
     "Muhammad is not the father of [any] one of your men, but [he is] the Messenger of Allah and Seal of the Prophets."
     (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:40)

     
     

Relevant Qur'anic Verses

1. On Sending Messengers:

   • "We sent a messenger to every community, saying, ‘Worship Allah and shun false gods.’"
     (Surah An-Nahl 16:36)

2. Equality in Belief:

   • "The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers, [saying], 'We make no distinction between any of His messengers.'"
     (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:285)

3. Reminder of Past Prophets:

   • "And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], 'Worship Allah and avoid Taghut (false gods).'"
     (Surah An-Nahl 16:36)

     
     

Relevant Hadiths

1. Hadith on the Number of Prophets:

   • The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
     "The number of Prophets sent by Allah was 124,000, while the Messengers were 315."
     (Musnad Ahmad, Hadith 21257)

2. Hadith on Following the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ):

   • The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
     "All of you will enter Paradise except those who refuse." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, who will refuse?" He said, "Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me has refused."
     (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 7280)

     
     

Practical Applications

1. Study Their Lives:

   • Learn the stories of Prophets like Nuh (Noah), Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), Isa (Jesus), and Muhammad (ﷺ) to understand their missions and character.

   • Focus on lessons of patience, trust in Allah, and perseverance from their experiences.

2. Emulate Their Character:

   • Follow their qualities, such as humility, truthfulness, and reliance on Allah.

   • Incorporate the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) into daily life.

3. Spread Their Message:

   • Encourage others to worship Allah alone and avoid associating partners with Him.

   • Teach the stories of the Prophets to children and others in your community.

4. Pray for Guidance:

   • Ask Allah to help you remain steadfast on the path shown by the Prophets.

     
     

By understanding the Prophets' roles and messages, believers can deepen their faith and align their actions with divine guidance.

Components of Belief in Qada' and Qadr

1. Knowledge (Ilm):
   Allah's knowledge encompasses everything—past, present, and future.
   "And with Him are the keys of the unseen; none knows them except Him."
   (Surah Al-An’am 6:59)

2. Writing (Kitabah):
   Allah has written everything in the Preserved Tablet (Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz).
   "No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into being—indeed that, for Allah, is easy."
   (Surah Al-Hadid 57:22)

3. Will (Mashiyyah):
   Nothing happens except by Allah’s will, and whatever He wills happens.
   "Indeed, Allah does what He wills."
   (Surah Al-Hajj 22:14)

4. Creation (Khalq):
   Allah is the Creator of everything, including human actions and circumstances.
   "Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is, over all things, Disposer of affairs."
   (Surah Az-Zumar 39:62)

   
   

Qur'anic Verses Related to Qada' and Qadr

1. Everything Happens by Allah’s Decree:
   "Indeed, all things We created with predestination."
   (Surah Al-Qamar 54:49)

2. Trials and Trust in Allah:
   "Say, 'Never will we be struck except by what Allah has decreed for us; He is our protector.' And upon Allah let the believers rely."
   (Surah At-Tawbah 9:51)

3. Encouragement to Work While Trusting Allah:
   "Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves."
   (Surah Ar-Ra’d 13:11)

   
   

Hadiths Related to Qada' and Qadr

1. Belief in Qadr as a Pillar of Faith:
   The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
   "You must believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and Qadar—its good and its evil."
   (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 8)

2. Contentment with Decree:
   The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
   "How wonderful is the affair of the believer, for his affairs are all good, and this applies to no one but the believer. If something good happens to him, he is grateful, and that is good for him. If something bad happens to him, he bears it with patience, and that is good for him."
   (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 2999)

3. Effort and Reliance on Allah:
   A man asked the Prophet (ﷺ):
   "Should I tie my camel and trust in Allah, or should I leave it untied and trust in Allah?" The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, 'Tie it and trust in Allah.'
   (Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Hadith 2517)

   
   

Practical Applications

1. Patience and Gratitude:

   • Show gratitude for blessings and patience during difficulties, knowing they are part of Allah's plan.

   • Practice saying, “Alhamdulillah” (All praise is due to Allah) in all situations.

2. Make Efforts and Rely on Allah:

   • Work hard to achieve goals while relying on Allah for the outcome. For example, study diligently but know that success or failure is from Allah.

   • Supplicate (make du’a) regularly, asking Allah for guidance and ease in all matters.

3. Avoid Despair or Arrogance:

   • When facing hardships, trust that Allah’s plan is for the best.

   • If successful, attribute it to Allah’s will and avoid arrogance.

4. Seek Forgiveness and Correct Intentions:

   • Regularly ask Allah for forgiveness, as human actions are also subject to His decree.

   • Purify your intentions and strive to please Allah in all actions.

5. Learn Contentment (Rida):

   • Practice contentment by reminding yourself that everything Allah decrees has wisdom, even if it is not apparent.

     
     

By firmly believing in Qada' and Qadr, a Muslim achieves peace of mind, knowing that Allah is in control of all affairs. It fosters humility, gratitude, and a balanced approach to life.

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) explained Ihsan in a famous Hadith where he said:

“Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, indeed He sees you.”
— Sahih Muslim

This means that in every action, whether it is an act of worship (like prayer) or something mundane (like interacting with others), a person should strive to be conscious of Allah, doing things with the best intentions and with excellence.

Examples of Ihsan Toward Ourselves:

1. Taking Care of Health: Islam encourages taking care of one's body. This includes eating healthy, getting adequate rest, and avoiding harm to oneself. It reflects Ihsan by maintaining the body as a trust from Allah.

   • Hadith:
     “There are two blessings which many people lose: health and free time.”
     (Sahih al-Bukhari, 6412)
     This hadith reminds us not to neglect our health and to use the time and strength Allah has granted us wisely.

2. Seeking Knowledge: Seeking beneficial knowledge is an important part of Ihsan. It allows us to grow spiritually and intellectually, which benefits us and others. Striving for excellence in learning, especially Islamic knowledge, is a form of Ihsan toward ourselves.

   • Quranic verse:
     “Say, ‘Are those who know equal to those who do not know?’”
     (Quran 39:9)
     This verse emphasizes the value of knowledge. Striving for excellence in gaining knowledge and understanding it deeply is a way of practicing Ihsan in our lives.

3. Maintaining Positive Intentions: Having sincere intentions and a good heart is important in Ihsan. It means purifying one’s heart from envy, pride, and negativity and striving to maintain positive and sincere intentions in everything we do.

   • Hadith:
     “Actions are but by intention, and every person shall have only that which they intended.”
     (Sahih al-Bukhari, 1)
     This hadith underscores the importance of sincerity in all actions. To practice Ihsan toward ourselves, we should ensure that our intentions are always for the sake of Allah.

4. Mental and Emotional Well-being: Practicing Ihsan involves managing one's emotions, handling stress in a healthy way, and seeking peace through reliance on Allah. This can include engaging in regular prayer, supplication, and reflecting on the blessings in life.

   • Quranic verse:
     “Indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.”
     (Quran 94:6)
     This verse teaches us that difficulties are a part of life, but they are always followed by ease. Practicing patience and trust in Allah during times of difficulty is part of treating oneself with Ihsan.

Ihsan, in its broadest sense, means striving to do every action in the best possible way for the sake of Allah. It applies to our worship, our relationships with others, how we perform our duties, and how we treat ourselves. Ihsan encourages us to be mindful, just, kind, and excellent in all aspects of life. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) demonstrated Ihsan in his character, actions, and interactions, making him the best example for us to follow. Whether it’s in our personal growth, community contributions, or acts of worship, Ihsan calls us to always strive for excellence and sincerity, keeping Allah’s pleasure at the forefront of our intentions.

1. Adab Towards Parents:

Parents are given a very high status in Islam, and showing them kindness, respect, and gratitude is essential.

Example:

• Obeying and Honoring Parents:

  • A son or daughter listens carefully to their parents’ advice and helps them with daily tasks, even if they may be busy with their own life. For instance, if the parent is elderly and needs assistance with housework, a child helps without complaining and does so with a cheerful heart.

Quranic Verse:

“And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him with hardship upon hardship, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination.”
(Quran 31:14)

Hadith:

“Your mother, your mother, your mother, and then your father.”
(Sahih Muslim, 2548)
This Hadith shows the great emphasis Islam places on honoring and respecting mothers, followed by fathers.

2. Adab Towards Neighbors:

Islam stresses the importance of good relations with neighbors, whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim.

Example:

• Sharing Food:

  • If you cook a meal, you share it with your neighbors, especially when they may be in need. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is known to have shared his food with his neighbors, regardless of their faith.

Quranic Verse:

“And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, 'My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small.'”
(Quran 17:24)
This verse highlights being humble and merciful towards others, especially elders.

Hadith:

“Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his neighbor.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, 6130)
This Hadith emphasizes the importance of treating neighbors with respect and kindness.

3. Adab Towards Society:

Being a positive and active member of society is part of the broader Adab in Islam.

Example:

• Helping in Times of Need:

  • During a natural disaster, a Muslim would be one of the first to help neighbors and the community by volunteering or donating to those in need, showing empathy and solidarity with others.

Quranic Verse:

“O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted.”
(Quran 49:13)
This verse teaches that we should respect each other regardless of differences, and it emphasizes the importance of righteous behavior.

Hadith:

“None of you truly believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, 13)
This Hadith teaches empathy and fairness. A Muslim should treat others as they would want to be treated.

4. Adab as a Student:

Seeking knowledge is a virtuous and obligatory act in Islam, and there is specific Adab in how a student should approach their studies.

Example:

• Respecting Teachers and Seeking Knowledge:

  • A student arrives early to class, listens attentively to the teacher, and asks respectful questions to understand the subject matter better. They show appreciation to the teacher for their time and effort, acknowledging that their knowledge is a gift.

Quranic Verse:

“Say, 'My Lord, increase me in knowledge.'”
(Quran 20:114)
This verse encourages a constant desire for knowledge and growth, urging students to seek knowledge with a humble heart.

Hadith:

“Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim.”
(Sunan Ibn Majah, 224)
This Hadith emphasizes that seeking knowledge is a duty for every Muslim, whether it is religious or worldly knowledge.

In conclusion, Adab in Islam shapes how Muslims interact with others, emphasizing respect, kindness, and empathy. It teaches the importance of honoring parents, being generous and respectful to neighbors, contributing positively to society, and pursuing knowledge with sincerity. Ultimately, Adab is about treating others with humility and justice, all to seek the pleasure of Allah.

1. Islamic View of Nature:

Islam teaches that everything in nature is a sign (ayat) of Allah’s power, creativity, and wisdom. The Qur'an repeatedly invites people to reflect on the natural world, from the mountains to the rivers, plants, and animals, as a means of recognizing the greatness of the Creator.

• Quranic Verse:
  “It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth and everything in between in six days; then He established Himself above the Throne. You have not besides Him any protector or intercessor; so will you not be reminded?”
  (Quran 32:4)
  This verse highlights that Allah is the creator of everything in the heavens and the earth, indicating the importance of respecting and appreciating His creation.

• Quranic Verse:
  “And it is He who produces gardens trellised and untrellised, and date palms, and crops of different shape and taste (its fruits and its seeds) and olives, and pomegranates, similar (in kind) and different (in taste). Eat of their fruit when they ripen, but pay the due thereof its harvest on the day of its fruits.”
  (Quran 6:99)
  This verse emphasizes the beauty and variety of nature and reminds Muslims of their responsibility to care for and appreciate the earth.

  
  

2. Stewardship of the Earth (Khalifah):

Muslims believe they are stewards (khalifah) of the earth, entrusted with its care. This means that humans have a responsibility to protect the environment, preserve natural resources, and prevent harm or wastefulness.

• Hadith:
  “The earth is green and beautiful, and Allah has appointed you as stewards over it.”
  (Sahih Muslim, 2942)
  This Hadith teaches that humans are caretakers of the earth, and it is their duty to preserve its resources.

• Hadith:
  “If a Muslim plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person, or an animal eats from it, it is regarded as a charitable gift (sadaqah) for him.”
  (Sahih al-Bukhari, 2320)
  This Hadith underscores the reward for actions that benefit nature and the creatures that depend on it.

  
  

3. Environmental Ethics in Islam:

Islam stresses the importance of avoiding wastefulness (israf) and harming the environment. The concept of mizan (balance) in nature is a key teaching, reminding Muslims to respect the natural order and avoid excessive consumption.

• Quranic Verse:
  “Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils, and ever has Satan been to his Lord ungrateful.”
  (Quran 17:27)
  This verse condemns wastefulness and highlights the importance of being mindful of how we use resources.

• Hadith:
  “Do not waste water, even if you perform your ablution on the banks of an abundantly-flowing river.”
  (Sunan Ibn Majah, 425)
  This Hadith shows that even in abundance, one should not waste resources, particularly water, which is vital for life.

  
  

4. Protection of Wildlife:

Islam teaches compassion toward animals and their right to live in peace. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized the humane treatment of animals, banning cruelty toward them.

• Hadith:
  “Whoever is kind to the creatures of God, he is kind to himself.”
  (Sahih al-Bukhari, 6013)
  This Hadith teaches that showing kindness to animals is a virtuous act that brings rewards.

• Hadith:
  “There is a reward for serving any living being.”
  (Sahih Muslim, 2244)
  This statement reminds Muslims that taking care of any living being, whether an animal or a human, is a noble act.

  
  

Examples in Practice:

• Conserving Water: A Muslim avoids wasting water during ablution, even when there is an abundance of water, adhering to the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH) on the responsible use of resources.

• Planting Trees: A Muslim plants trees as an act of charity, knowing that they provide benefits to the environment and living beings, as mentioned in the Hadith about the rewards for planting trees.

• Reducing Waste: A Muslim makes efforts to minimize waste by reusing items, recycling, and reducing plastic usage in daily life, keeping in mind the Islamic principles of moderation and avoiding extravagance.

In Islam, the appreciation for nature and the environment is an integral part of faith. Muslims are encouraged to recognize the earth as a blessing from Allah, to act as responsible stewards, and to treat the environment with respect and care. The teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith emphasize sustainability, the protection of resources, and kindness toward all living creatures, reflecting Islam's holistic approach to environmental ethics.

1. Concept of Stewardship (Khalifah):

In Islam, humans are considered stewards (khalifah) of the earth. This concept means that humans have a responsibility to protect and manage natural resources wisely, ensuring that the environment is not harmed or depleted.

• Quranic Verse:
  “It is He who has made you successors (khalifah) upon the earth…”
  (Quran 35:39)
  This verse highlights the human role as caretakers of the earth, with the responsibility to preserve its balance and resources.

• Hadith:
  “The world is green and beautiful, and Allah has appointed you as stewards over it.”
  (Sahih Muslim, 2942)
  The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized that the earth is a trust from Allah, and humans are responsible for maintaining its beauty and resources.

  
  

2. Moderation and Avoidance of Waste (Israf):

Sustainability in Islam is closely tied to the principle of moderation (wasatiyyah). Islam teaches that all things are blessings from Allah, and it is wrong to overconsume or waste resources. The concept of israf (wastefulness) is condemned in the Qur'an, encouraging Muslims to use resources wisely and conserve them for future generations.

• Quranic Verse:
  “Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils, and ever has Satan been to his Lord ungrateful.”
  (Quran 17:27)
  This verse explicitly forbids wastefulness, encouraging Muslims to use resources responsibly.

• Hadith:
  “Do not waste water, even if you perform your ablution on the banks of an abundantly-flowing river.”
  (Sunan Ibn Majah, 425)
  This Hadith stresses the importance of not wasting even a small resource, such as water, which is vital for life.

  
  

3. Protection of Natural Resources:

Islam emphasizes that natural resources such as water, air, and land are valuable gifts from Allah. It is the duty of Muslims to protect and preserve these resources, ensuring their availability for future generations.

• Quranic Verse:
  “And He it is who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, going before His mercy, and We send down pure water from the sky…”
  (Quran 25:48)
  This verse highlights the preciousness of water, a vital resource, and reminds Muslims to be grateful and protective of it.

• Hadith:
  “Whoever plants a tree and diligently looks after it until it matures and bears fruit, will be rewarded.”
  (Sahih Muslim)
  This Hadith highlights the importance of conserving and maintaining natural resources, such as trees, which provide long-term benefits.

  
  

4. Conservation of Wildlife:

Islam also emphasizes the importance of preserving wildlife and treating animals with kindness. The cruelty toward animals is prohibited, and Muslims are encouraged to respect their rights and ensure their protection.

• Hadith:
  “Whoever is kind to the creatures of God, he is kind to himself.”
  (Sahih al-Bukhari, 6013)
  This Hadith teaches that kindness to animals is not only an act of mercy but also a form of personal virtue.

• Quranic Verse:
  “There is no animal on earth nor a bird that flies with its wings but [they are] communities like you.”
  (Quran 6:38)
  This verse reminds humans that animals and birds are part of the same creation and should be treated with respect and dignity.

  
  

5. Sustainable Practices in Daily Life:

Sustainability in Islam also extends to practical actions in daily life, such as reducing waste, recycling, and using resources wisely.

• Example:
  A Muslim may choose to use eco-friendly products, reduce plastic usage, or recycle items as part of their commitment to sustainability, in line with Islamic teachings on conservation and moderation.

• Example:
  A family may plant trees or maintain a garden, understanding that this is a charitable act and a sustainable practice that contributes to the environment.

  
  

6. Social and Economic Sustainability:

Islam encourages social and economic systems that promote justice and equity, ensuring that resources are distributed fairly and used to benefit all members of society. The principles of charity (zakat) and community support (sadaqah) are central to achieving sustainability in this regard.

• Quranic Verse:
  “And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor stingy but hold a just balance between those [extremes].”
  (Quran 25:67)
  This verse advocates for fairness and moderation in spending, which can extend to how resources are used in society.

• Hadith:
  “The best of people are those who are most beneficial to others.”
  (Daraqutni)
  This Hadith emphasizes the importance of using resources to benefit others and promoting a sustainable and fair society.

Sustainability in Islam is a holistic concept that encompasses the responsible use of natural resources, the protection of the environment, and the promotion of social justice. The principles of stewardship, moderation, and care for all living beings guide Muslims to live in harmony with the environment. By adopting these teachings, Muslims can ensure the well-being of the earth for current and future generations, fulfilling their duty as caretakers (khalifah) of Allah’s creation.

2. Applying the Right ʿAmal (Practices)

   Meaning:

   • Ibadah must be done correctly according to the Sunnah not just with good intention, both sincerity and proper method matter.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “So whoever hopes for the meeting with his Lord, let him do righteous work and not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord.”
   — Surah Al-Kahf (18:110)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “Whoever does an act that is not in accordance with our matter (the Sunnah), it will be rejected.”

   — (Muslim)

3. Internalising the Iḥsān (Positive Virtues)

   Meaning:

   • Worship should shape our character helping us live with sincerity, kindness and mindfulness of Allah in everything.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “Indeed, Allah is with those who fear Him and those who are doers of good (muhsinin).”
   — Surah An-Nahl (16:128)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “Ihsan is to worship Allah as though you see Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He sees you.” — (Muslim)

Reflection:

• I learned that worship isn’t just about actions but also about purifying my intention, following the right way and letting it shape me into a better person inside and out.

1. Sawm (Fasting)

   Meaning:

   • Sawm is the act of abstaining from food, drink, and sinful actions from dawn till sunset during the month of Ramadan.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “O you who have believed, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you that you may become righteous (attain taqwa).”
   — Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said: “Fasting is a shield. So when one of you fasts, he should not indulge in foul language or raise his voice in anger.”
   — (Bukhari & Muslim)

   
   

   Wisdom:

   • Cultivates patience, self-control and empathy.

   • Cleanses the heart and soul from material attachments.

   • Deepens awareness of Allah and His blessings.

3. Zakah (Charity/Almsgiving)

   Meaning:

   • Zakah is the mandatory charity given to purify wealth, usually 2.5% of one’s surplus income, given to the needy and other eligible recipients.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “Take from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [Allah's blessings] upon them…”
   — Surah At-Tawbah (9:103)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said, “Charity does not decrease wealth, no one forgives another except that Allah increases his honor...”
   — (Muslim)

   
   

   Wisdom:

   • Purifies one’s wealth and soul from greed.

   • Builds social unity and reduces poverty.

   • Promotes justice, empathy and brotherhood.

4. Hajj (Pilgrimage)

   Meaning:

   • Hajj is the pilgrimage to Makkah, obligatory once in a lifetime for those who are physically and financially able.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “…And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is righteousness. So fear Me, O you of understanding.”
   — Surah Al-Baqarah (2:197)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or sin, will return as free from sin as the day his mother bore him.”
   — (Bukhari & Muslim)

   
   

   Wisdom:

   • Teaches humility and unity among Muslims.

   • Symbolizes submission to Allah and the renewal of one’s spiritual journey.

   • Encourages gratitude and detachment from materialism.

Reflection:

• I learned that through praying, fasting, giving zakah and one day performing hajj, I’m slowly becoming more aware of myself, more grateful and more connected to Allah in my own way.

2. Conditions for the Acceptance (Sahih) of Salah

   Meaning:

   • For a prayer to be valid, certain conditions must be fulfilled before praying, such as:

     • Taharah (purity)

     • Covering Awrah (private parts)

     • Facing Qiblah

     • Time of prayer must be correct

     • Intention (niyyah)

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers at prescribed times.”
   — Surah An-Nisa’ (4:103)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “When you get up for prayer, perform the ablution properly, face the Qiblah, and say takbir.”

   — (Bukhari)

3. Pillars (Arkan) of Salah

   Meaning :

   • These are essential acts within salah. Missing any of them invalidates the prayer:

   1. Establish intention

   2. Takbiratul Ihram

   3. Stand if you can

   4. Recite Surah Al-Fatihah

   5. Perform ruku’

   6. I’tidal

   7. Sujud

   8. Sit in between two sujud (julus)

   9. Sujud again

   10. Sit in the last tahiyyat position

   11. Selawat upon Prophet Muhammad SAW

   12. Give Salam

   13. Tertib 

   
   

   Qur'an verse:

   “And perform the prayer… and bow with those who bow.”
   — Surah Al-Baqarah (2:43)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said to a man who prayed wrongly: “Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.” (He repeated until the man did it correctly.)

   — (Bukhari)

4. Application of Salah Based on Situations

   Meaning:

   • Islam allows flexibility in salah according to different situations:

     • Qasr & Jama' - Shortening or combining prayers while travelling.

     • Nawafil - Voluntary prayers for extra reward (e.g. tahajjud, dhuha).

     • During Illness - One may sit or lie down to pray if unable to stand.

     
     

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said: “Pray standing; if you cannot, then sitting; and if you cannot, then on your side.”

   — (Bukhari)

Reflection :

• I learned that proper preparation before salah, knowing the conditions and pillars and understanding how to adapt in different situations helps me perform my prayers correctly and sincerely even when I face difficulties like traveling or being unwell.

2. Al-Jihad (Striving in the Path of Allah)

   Meaning:

   • Performing salah with full focus and discipline is a daily form of struggle against laziness, distractions and desires.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “And strive for Allah with the striving due to Him.”
   — Surah Al-Hajj (22:78)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The Prophet ﷺ said: “Hold tight to salah, for it is the first thing you’ll be asked about on the Day of Judgment.”

   — (Tirmidhi)

3. Muhasabah (Self-reflection)

   Meaning:

   • In salah especially during sujud and tashahhud, we reflect on our actions, sins and relationship with Allah.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “O you who believe! Fear Allah, and let every soul look to what it has sent forth for tomorrow...”
   — Surah Al-Hashr (59:18)

   
   

   Hadith:

   The smart one is the one who calls himself to account and works for what is after death.”

   — (Tirmidhi)

4. ‘Iffah (Modesty / Self-restraint)

   Meaning:

   • Regular, sincere prayer teaches us to avoid sins and control our desires.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “Indeed, prayer keeps one away from indecency and wrongdoing.”
   — Surah Al-‘Ankabut (29:45)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “Whoever guards the five prayers, it will be a light, proof, and salvation for him on the Day of Judgment.”

   — (Ahmad)

5. Tawadu‘ (Humility)

   Meaning:

   • Khushu' in salah trains the heart to be humble which acknowledging our need for Allah and submitting fully to Him.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “And do not walk on the earth with arrogance. Indeed, you will never tear the earth nor reach the mountains in height.”
   — Surah Al-Isra’ (17:37)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “Whoever humbles himself for the sake of Allah, Allah will raise him in status.”

   — (Muslim)

Reflection:

• I learned that salah with khushu‘ helps me grow in obedience, patience and humility. It reminds me to reflect on my actions, control my desires and strive to be a better Muslim every day.

2. Takrim (Respect and Deference)

   Meaning:

   • Fasting teaches us to respect others like avoiding arguments, harsh words and bad behavior out of honor for the fast.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you... so that you may become righteous (muttaqun).”
   — Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “If someone insults or fights with a fasting person, let him say: ‘I am fasting.’”

   — (Bukhari)

3. Rahmah (Compassion / Friendliness)

   Meaning:

   • Fasting increases our empathy for the poor and strengthens kindness, generosity and care for others.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan and the captive.”
   — Surah Al-Insan (76:8)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “He who is not merciful to people, Allah will not be merciful to him.”

   — (Bukhari & Muslim)

Reflection:

• I learned that fasting isn’t just about not eating as it helps me become more patient, respectful and caring toward others. It’s a reminder to control myself and treat people better even when I feel weak or hungry.

2. Ukhuwwah (Brotherhood)

   Meaning:

   • Zakah and sadaqah strengthen unity by helping those in need, reducing jealousy and building love between rich and poor.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “The believers are but brothers, so make peace between your brothers.”
   — Surah Al-Hujurat (49:10)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.”

   — (Bukhari & Muslim)

Reflection :

• I learned that giving zakah or even a small sadaqah helps me rely more on Allah and feel closer to others. It makes me grateful and reminds me not to be selfish with what I have.

2. Taqwa (God-Consciousness)

   Meaning:

   • During ḥajj, pilgrims must avoid sin, arguments and bad speech so that we can develop deep awareness of Allah in every action.

     
     

   Qur'an verse:

   “And take provisions, but the best provision is taqwa.”
   — Surah Al-Baqarah (2:197)

   
   

   Hadith:

   “Whoever performs hajj and does not commit any obscenity or sin will return as free from sins as the day he was born.”

   — (Bukhari)

Reflection :

• I learned that hajj and ʿumrah teach deep sacrifice and taqwa. Even if I haven’t been yet, just learning about it makes me reflect on how far people go for Allah and how much I want to improve my own faith.

Through these sessions, I’ve come to appreciate how small efforts done together can leave lasting impact. Whether it’s a gentle reminder, a verse shared or a thoughtful insight, everything has meaning. Our bond grows not just through knowledge but through listening, supporting and being present for one another.

May Allah keep this usrah rooted in sincerity, allow our hearts to stay connected and make our time spent together a source of continuous reward. May He ease our paths, strengthen our intentions and gather us again and again both here and in Jannah, in sha’ Allah.

Jazakumullahu khayran for every moment shared.