Late in the 19th century the United States broke further from European tradition and adopted a new management approach developed by Frederick W. Taylor, whose goal was to increase productivity without increasing the number of skilled craftsmen.

Walter Shewhart

Mr. Shewhart successfully brought together the disciplines of statistics, engineering, and economics and became known as the father of modern quality control. The lasting and tangible evidence of that union for which he is most widely known is the control chart, a simple but highly effective tool that represented an initial step toward what Shewhart called “the formulation of a scientific basis for securing economic control.

Samples are taken from a target lot (inspection lot) for examination in order to determine the acceptability of the lot according to that lot's quality standards.

The control chart is a graph used to study how a process changes over time.

It describes a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction.

Key Principles,

*Customer focus *Integrated System

*Employee Involvement *Process-Centric approach

*Systematic Flow *Continual Efforts

*Fact-based Decision making *Relationship Management

1. Historical Practices

• Craftsmanship and Early Assembly Lines

  • Emphasis on manual craftsmanship

  • Introduction of assembly lines during the early 20th century

2. Evolution

• Quality Control in Mass Production

  • Implementation of standardized processes

  • Inspection checkpoints to ensure consistency

• Post-WWII Quality Improvements

  • Learning from wartime production challenges

  • Introduction of statistical quality control methods

1. Inspection in Traditional Manufacturing

• Craft Guilds to Industrial Revolution

  • Guilds and craftsmanship in pre-industrial societies

  • Transition to mass production during the Industrial Revolution

• Role of Inspections

  • Quality assurance through manual inspections

  • Challenges in maintaining uniformity

2. Impact on Reliability

• Product Consistency and Consumer Confidence

  • Importance of consistent product quality

  • Building trust and brand reputation through reliability

• Limitations of Traditional Inspection

  • Subjectivity and variability in manual inspections

  • Push for more systematic approaches

Statistical process control (SPC) or statistical quality control (SQC) is the application of statistical methods to monitor and control the quality of a production process. This helps to ensure that the process operates efficiently, producing more specification-conforming products with less waste scrap

Artificial intelligence serves as a powerful tool for quality control and quality assurance. AI evaluates the quality of services and products across various industries and identifies defects. It carries out accurate and extensive inspections in real time.

Blockchain technology can provide real-time visibility and tracking of goods and products throughout the entire supply chain, from production to distribution to end consumers. This helps to increase transparency and trust between different parties in the supply chain.

Being eco friendly means living in a way that is not harmful to the environment. This way of life is becoming increasingly important, as we need to protect our planet from man-made damage.