Missouri becomes a slave state. Maine becomes a free state. An imaginary line is created and any new state above the line is free and below the line is slave. 
what caused it:

When missouri wanted to be a free state.
what was the effect:

To stop the fighting between people who wanted slavery and did not want it.

California would become a free state. Land won in the Mexican war would be made into territories and voters would decide if they wanted slaves or not. Slave trade in Washington D.C. ended and everyone in the country had to help find runaway slaves. 
what caused it:

California wanted to be a slave state. 
what was the effect:

Everyone had to help find slaves.

 

Kansas and nebraska become territories.
It allowed territories to decide if they wanted to be slave or free state by popular sovereignty.
what caused it:

He wanted to build a railroad. 
what was the effect:

It allowed territories to decide the of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.

1859
Murder: May 26, 1856
what happened:

what caused it:

Retaliation and he wanted to free slaves 
what was the effect:

The north thought he was a hero and the south thought he was a murderer.

He was a slave who sued for freedom. 
what caused it:

He sued because he was taken to a free state. 
what was the effect:

He was a slave and therefore did not have any rights.

December 20,1860January 9,1861January 10,1861January 11,1861
what happened:

South carolinaMississippiFlorida Alabama
what caused it:

They feared lincoln would end slavery.
what was the effect:

Five states stayed and became the border states.

April 12,1861
what happened:

The canons started to fire incorrectly and started on fire.
what caused it:

Because the union fired on fort sumpter first.
what was the effect:

Fort sumter fired back and it kept going until they surrendered and everybody in fort sumter left.