Present Simple is used to express habits, routines, general facts, and universal truths. The basic structure is:

• Affirmative: Subject + verb (in its base form, adding "-s" or "-es" for the third person singular).

• Negative: Subject + do/does + not + base verb.

• Interrogative: Do/Does + subject + base verb?

Examples:

1. She walks to school every day.

2. They do not eat meat.

3. Does he play soccer on weekends?

Present continuous is used to talk about actions that are happening right now or during a close period. The structure is:

• Affirmative: Subject + verb "to be" + verb ending in "-ing".

• Negative: Subject + verb "to be" + not + verb ending in "-ing".

• Interrogative: Verb "to be" + subject + verb ending in "-ing"?

Examples:

1. I am reading a book now.

2. She is not watching TV.

3. Are they playing in the park?

Future Simple is used to express spontaneous decisions, predictions, or promises. The structure is:

• Affirmative: Subject + will + base verb.

• Negative: Subject + will not (won't) + base verb.

• Interrogative: Will + subject + base verb?

Examples:

1. I will call you later.

2. He won’t come to the party.

3. Will they arrive on time?

Past Simple is used to describe actions completed at a specific moment in the past. The structure is:

• Affirmative: Subject + verb in past tense (regular or irregular).

• Negative: Subject + did not + base verb.

• Interrogative: Did + subject + base verb?

Examples:

1. She visited her grandparents last weekend.

2. They did not finish the project.

3. Did you see the movie?

Past continuous describes actions that were happening at a specific moment in the past. The structure is:

• Affirmative: Subject + was/were + verb ending in "-ing".

• Negative: Subject + was/were + not + verb ending in "-ing".

• Interrogative: Was/Were + subject + verb ending in "-ing"?

Examples:

1. I was studying when you called.

2. They were not sleeping at midnight.

3. Was she working on the report?

Sequence adverbs are used to organize events in chronological order. Common examples are: first, then, next, after that, finally.

Examples:

1. First, we prepared the ingredients. Then, we cooked the meal.

2. She woke up early. Next, she went for a run.

3. Finally, they arrived at their destination.

• Comparatives: Used to compare two things. Formed by adding "-er" to the adjective (or "more" for longer adjectives) and "than".

• Superlatives: Used to express the highest degree of a quality. Formed by adding "-est" (or "most" for longer adjectives) and "the" before the adjective.

Examples:

1. This book is cheaper than that one. (Comparative)

2. She is the most intelligent student in the class. (Superlative)

3. The weather today is hotter than yesterday. (Comparative)