• location

• region

• place

• movement

• human/environment interaction

• Coast : more than half of Peruvians live along Pacific Coast

• Mountain : world's second highest mountain range, Andes, runs through Peru.

• Jungle : world's largest rainforest, Amazon, covers nearly half of Peru.

Human Feature

• Machu Picchu : it stands nearly 2500m above sea-level, was built by Inca people

Peru is located in 10° 00' S and 76° 00' W and it is surrounded by Ecuador, Columbia, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile.

I found two regions that Peru belongs to. The first region is Inca. Because Peru was part of the Inca Empire, some Peruvian speak Quechua which was spoken among Inca people. The second region is Latin America. Peru once had been conquered by the Spanish which is a Latin country, so some Peruvian also speak Spanish which is Latin.

More than half of the Peruvians live along the Pacific Coast which is characterized by a narrow strip of desert. The world’s second highest mountain range, Andes, runs through Peru. The world’s largest rainforest, Amazon, covers nearly half of Peru.

Machu Picchu is a stone building built by Inca people. It stands nearly 2500m above sea-level.

We can transport by bus, train, and air plane within Peru. If we take a bus, we can travel easily between cities and it is cheap, but it could take a lot of time.

If we take a train, we can watch beautiful landscapes, but we can travel to a few stations.

If we take an airplane, we can move easily between regions of Peru.

Peruvian destroy forests for agriculture, mining, and road construction. but their deforestation causes air pollution, mud slides, or other natural disasters. 

In 3000 BC, The first complex civilization, Caral, settled along the coast which is 200km far from modern day Lima. They are known for their use of textiles and cotton production.

Around 1400, Inca people spread out to Argentina and Chile. They were known for their stone building and road, and irrigation canal.

In 1532 Spanish formally arrived in Peru. Francisco Pizarro defeated Inca ruler, Atahualpa, Spain established colonial government in 1542 and planted Lima as important city.

Peru, led by Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar, partially liberated in 1821. The Republic of Peru was formally created in 1824 with the introduction of its Declaration of Independence.

Peru exports copper ore, gold, refined copper, refined petroleum, and grapes. They import crude petroleum, cars, and broadcasting equipment. They made some trade agreements such as the USA-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement, Peru-China Free Trade Agreement, and Pacific Alliance. (/ with the United States, China, and other Pacific countries.)

Peru’s government is a constitutional republic. It has 3 branches. The executive consists of the President, Vice President, and Council of Ministers. The legislative branch consists of the unicameral Congress. And the Judicial branch consists of four-tier court by Supreme Court and lower courts).

The suffrage is universal and mandatory for 18 to 70 years old citizens.

Women wear layers of bright color skirts called polleras or black skirts with wide embroidered belts. Peruvian ponchos are a necessity in highlands with cold temperatures.

The beautiful city, Arequipa, and building, Machu Picchu is famous in Peru.

Peruvian music is a blend of wind instruments and drums with delicate Spanish stringed instruments.