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      <title> Do western nations have anything to fear from parasitic disease? by Luke Coutinho</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2020-10-27 12:50:32 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2020-11-03 01:51:28 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <title>Google Slides</title>
         <author>luke31425</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/865444279</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1266v0j8ftWJBGp8DNFOt5vvoE9bEYTMFnOIP1dD7vtM/edit?usp=sharing</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-10-27 12:53:33 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Overview of emerging/ reemerging parasitic diseases in western nations</title>
         <author>luke31425</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880154643</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Here are five of the most common parasitic infections in the U.S., according to the CDC:</div><div><br><strong>Chagas disease</strong></div><div>More than 300,000 American are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease, and more than 300 infected babies are born every year. Chagas disease is transmitted through a bite from the triatomine bug, which then deposits its feces in the skin opening. Chagas disease can cause long-term digestive, cardiac and neurological complications. Death from the infection is often caused by heart attack. However, if caught early, the condition is easily cured with medication.</div><div><br><strong>Cysticercosis</strong></div><div>This parasitic infection, caused by the taenia solium tapeworm<em>,</em> makes its home in human tissues such as the brain and muscles. Larval cysts from the parasite form in the body and can cause a number of complications, including seizures. There are at least 1,000 hospitalizations for cysticercosis per year in the U.S. This tapeworm infection is often the result of eating uncooked pork that contains larval cysts.</div><div><br><strong>Toxocara</strong></div><div>Approximately, 13.9 percent of the U.S. population has antibodies against this parasitic infection. Sadly, the rest of us are at risk for for acquiring it through roundworms often found in the <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/study-intimacy-with-pets-can-make-people-ill/">intestines of dogs and cats</a>. About 14 percent of Americans have had exposure to toxocara, and at least 70 people die from the infection each year. According to the CDC, most of the infections are in children and many suffer blindness due to related eye disease.<br><br><strong>Toxoplasma gondii</strong></div><div>Toxoplasma is often<a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cat-poop-may-be-haven-for-dangerous-parasite/"> called the "cat poop parasite," </a>since it's frequently caused by close contact with a friendly feline. In the U.S., more than 60 million people are chronically infected with toxoplasma gondii. The parasite is also found in undercooked meat and even some unwashed fruits and vegetables. Health experts say toxoplasma can put pregnant women at risk for birth defects. Symptoms of this parasitic infection include swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches and eye complications. If left untreated these problems can become chronic.</div><div><br><strong>Trichomoniasis</strong></div><div>In the U.S., trichomonias is an incredibly common and curable sexually transmitted disease, though it can also increase one's risk for <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cdc-110-million-stds-among-us-men-and-women/">developing other STDs</a>. The protozoan parasite affects 3.7 million people in the United States. However, only about 30 percent of people will actually develop symptoms, which can include itching and burning in the genital area, pain during urination and discharge. The parasitic infection is treated successfully with prescription antibiotics.<br><br>Foodborne parasites are recognised as a neglected pathogen group, as they are mostly associated with poverty stricken countries. However, what many fail to realise is that FBP's are a health concern towards many like the Europeans</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/10-scary-diseases-pets-give-people/"><br></a><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-01 16:32:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880154643</guid>
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         <title>Treatments avaliable and preparedness of health services</title>
         <author>luke31425</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880158900</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>What international travellers must do before and during travel to avoid diseases:<br><br></div><ol><li>contact their physicians, local health departments, or private or public agencies that advise international travelers at least 4 to 6 weeks before departure to schedule an appointment to receive current health information on the countries they plan to visit.</li><li>obtain vaccinations and prophylactic medications as indicate and address any special needs.</li></ol><div><br><br></div><div>The five interventions recommend by WHO to combat NTDs are:</div><ul><li><strong>Preventive chemotherapy and transmission control (PCT):</strong> This intervention focuses on the availability of safe and effective drugs, which make it feasible to implement large-scale preventive chemotherapy.</li><li><strong>Innovative and intensified disease management (IDM)</strong>: The goal of IDM interventions is to manage diseases within primary healthcare systems, and ultimately to eliminate those diseases as public health problems. This intervention is used when cost-effective control tools do not exist and where large-scale use of tools is limited.</li><li><strong>Vector ecology and management:</strong> Vector management focuses on effective methods of targeting mosquitoes, flies, ticks, bugs and other vectors that transmit pathogens.</li><li><strong>Safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH):</strong> Access to safe water, adequate sanitation and hygiene is a key intervention in the new WHO draft road map. It is critical in the prevention and provision of care for all NTDs. According to the latest data, 40% of the world’s population does not have access to handwashing facilities at home, 47% of schools lack handwashing facilities and 16% of healthcare facilities have no functioning toilets or handwashing facilities at points of care where patients are treated.</li><li><strong>Veterinary public health services:</strong> This intervention recognises that the health of people is connected to the health of animals and the environment in which people live. Many NTDs, such as rabies, are zoonotic diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans.</li></ul><div><br>https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-01 16:35:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880158900</guid>
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         <title>Vulneribility of population and risk of community spread</title>
         <author>luke31425</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880159779</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The majority of western nations are too cold for parasites to survive so it is less likely to become endemic in western nations than in hotter climates such as africa and asia.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-01 16:35:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880159779</guid>
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         <title>Transmission of parasites and parasitic diseases</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880649149</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>International travelers can be at risk for a variety of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Travelers may acquire parasitic illnesses:<br><br></div><ul><li>through ingestion of contaminated food or water,</li><li>by vector-borne transmission, or</li><li>through person-to-person contact.</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-11-01 23:50:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/luke31425/qhjp04beycrarh2g/wish/880649149</guid>
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