The Numbered Treaties Timeline by RP - 04RJ - Sir Isaac Brock PS (1417)

Treaty 1; Stone Fort Treaty 1871

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:35:38 UTC

The Stone Fort Treaty also known as Treaty 1 was signed on August 3rd, 1871 by Canada, the Anishinabek and Swampy Cree of southern Manitoba. The treaty was an agreement for the Anishinabek and Swampy Cree to give a part of what is now known as Manitoba's land to the Canadian government, In return, they recieved reserves, certain land rights and other benefits. From this treaty, the Canadian governemnt got more land under their name and more control of the land and Indigneous people recieved rights such as the right to fish and hunt and more, and also gained more benefits.

Treaty 2; Manitoba Post Treaty - 1871

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:35:54 UTC

The second numbered treaty, the Manitoba Post Treaty was a treaty very similar to the agreement of Treaty 1. The treaty was signed in present day Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was an agreement between the Canadian government and the Chippewa people, the Swampy Cree people and other First Nation communites. The treaty was a deal for the Canadian government to take a portion of land in Manitoba from the First Nations people to expand the Canadian Pacific Railway that was being bult at the time. From this, the First Nations people recieved goods and they would be able to use the railways because it was being built on their land. This treaty was signed on August 21st, 1871, 18 days after Treaty 1 was signed. What was different from this treaty was that the former Manitoba Lieutenant Governor, Alexander Morris made sure that Indigenous people recieved what they were told to get.

Treaty 3; North-West Angle Treaty - 1873

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:48:15 UTC

The North-West Angle Treaty, the third treaty of the numbered treaties was an agreement between Saulteaux peoples, the Cree First Nations and the Canadian government. The agreement was for the Canadian government having access to land of the Saulteaux people which is known as northern Ontario and eastern Manitoba. The Saulteaux people recieved goods such as the right to fish, and hunt and they got natural resources as well. Alexander Morris assured that they recieved these rights, and they were able to couninue their tradtional practices. This treaty was signed on October 3rd, 1873.

Treaty 4; Qu-Appelle Treaty - 1874

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:49:23 UTC

The Qu-Appelle Treaty was named after the place it was signed; Fort Qu-Appelle, Saskatchwan. The treaty was signed on September 15, 1874 by First Nations (from the Cree, the Saulteaux and Assiniboines people) and people from the British Crown. The British Crown negotiated to take some of the land that belonged to the First Nations people. In return, they recieveed a series of rights, and annoual payements. William J, Christie ( a Canadian politican) made sure that Indigneous people recieved their side of the agreement which was their rights to fish and hunt, and earn annual payments.

Treaty 5; The Winnipeg Treaty - 1875

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:52:04 UTC

The Winnipeg Treaty was signed between the Swampy Cree peoples, the Saulteaux peoples and the Canadian government. It was signed on September 20, 1875. From this treaty, the Canadian government was able to claim parts of what is now known as Ontario and Manitoba, and Indigenous peoples recieved protection provided by the Canadian governemnt. Like treaty 2 and 3, Alexander Morris played an important role in this treaty by making sure that Indigenous people recieved what they were told to recieve.

Treaty 6; Turtle Island - 1876

8076832 — 2024-04-02 18:56:02 UTC

Treaty 6 was signed in Fort Carlton and Fort Pitt. It was signed in Fort Carlton on August 23, 1876 and was signed on September 9, 1876 in Fort Pitt. The Turtle Island Treaty was an agreement between the Plains and Wood Cree, Assiniboine and other First Nations and the Canadian governement. The land that the Canadian governemnt would claim once the treaty was signed was what is now known as Alberta and Sasktachwan. Unlike the past treaties, this treaty porvided the Indigenous people with medical assitance Like the past 4 treaties, the treaty negotiations were led by Alexander Morris. This treaty was signed on two dates because everyone hadn't agreed to the policies until the meeting at Fort Pitt on Septemeber 9, 1876.

Treaty 7; The Blackfoot Treaty - 1877

8076832 — 2024-04-04 18:07:45 UTC

The seventh treaty of the Numbered Treaties called the Blackfoot Treaty was an agreement between the Blackfoot people and the Canadian government. Like the Manitoba Post Treaty (Treaty 2), the treaty was signed to secure land to construct the Canadian Pacific Railway. The land that was sercured was present-day Alberta. From this treaty, the people fo Blackfoot were promised annual payemnts, reserves and education. The Blackfoot Treaty was signed on September 22, 1877, over a year since the last treaty (the Turtle Island Treaty) was signed.

Treaty 8; The Fort Chipewan Treaty - 1899

8076832 — 2024-04-04 18:10:30 UTC

Signed on June 21, 1899, the Fort Chipewan Treaty was an agreement between many different Indigenous tribes including the Cree, the Chipewan, the Beaver and the Dene people and the Canadian government. It was agreed for the Canadian governemnt to claim over 800,000,000 square kilometeres of present-day North West Territoires and British North America. These Indigenous tribes were promised eudcation rights, hunting rights, trading rights, fishing rights and more.

Treaty 9; The James Bay Treaty - 1905

8076832 — 2024-04-04 18:10:57 UTC

Treaty 9 was signed on August 3rd, 1905 in Fort Albany. It was signed by the Cree, the Ojibway and the British Crown. This treaty was an agreement to secure land by Hudson Bay and James Bay. Indigenous people recieved rights and other benefits from this.

Treaty 10; The Pact - 1906

8076832 — 2024-04-04 18:12:43 UTC

Treaty 10 was an agreement between the Canadian government and the Cree and Dene peoples. The treaty sercured land around present day Saskatchwan and Manitoba for mining, foresty and more. The Cree and Dene people recieved education rights, hunting rights and fishing rights. This treaty was signed on August 19, 1906.

Treaty 11; Centenary - 1921

8076832 — 2024-04-04 18:14:29 UTC

The 11th and final treaty of the Numbered Treaties, the Centenary Treaty was signed by Indigenous people which included the Dene people and the Canadian government. In this treaty, the governemnt sercures and claims present day Yukon and Northwest Territories. Like past treaties, Indigenous people recieved rights and other benefits. The Centenary Treaty was signed on August 22, 1921.