https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679 Estructura y Función de las Biomoléculas en-us 2020-11-16 16:44:33 UTC 2025-10-11 15:13:31 UTC hello@padlet.com a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928386926 2020-11-16 17:49:38 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928386926 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928601906 2020-11-16 18:28:41 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928601906 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928611930 · C central
· Gpo amino
· Gpo carboxilo
· Átomo de H
· Gpo R ]]> 2020-11-16 18:30:33 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928611930 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928618739 "Proteinogénicos"]]> 2020-11-16 18:31:51 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928618739 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928638017 · Resultados modificaciones químicas después de haberse incorporado a un polipéptido
· Se encuentran en los seres vivos pero no en las proteínas]]> 2020-11-16 18:35:29 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928638017 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928652291 · "Afóteros": Pueden comportarse como ácido o base
· "Zwitteriones": Moléculas neutras (+ = -)
· El gpo R proporciona propiedades singulares]]> 2020-11-16 18:38:15 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928652291 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928668932 2020-11-16 18:41:28 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928668932 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928685871 2020-11-16 18:44:38 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928685871 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928690280 · Sus pos R son hidrocarburos
  - Alifáticos o Aromáticos
· Carga neutra 
· Hidrofobos (no polares)
· Participan en el mantenimiento de la estructura tridimensional de las proteínas]]> 2020-11-16 18:45:28 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928690280 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928748405 2020-11-16 18:56:31 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928748405 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928749949 · Poseen gpos R:
  - Capaces de formar puentes de H
  - Interaccionan con agua
  - Polares o hidrófilos]]> 2020-11-16 18:56:49 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928749949 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928756073 2020-11-16 18:58:00 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928756073 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928759023 · Poseen gpos R con gpos carboxilo 
· A pH fisiológico:
  - Ácidos aspárico - asparato
- Ácido glutámico - glutamato]]> 2020-11-16 18:58:35 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928759023 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928766640 2020-11-16 19:00:02 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928766640 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928770644 · Possen gpos R
  - pH fisiológico lleva carga +
- Forman enlaces iónicos con los aminoácidos ácidos]]> 2020-11-16 19:00:47 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928770644 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928804911 NO E: Sí se pueden sintetizar
E: No se pueden sintetizar y deben proceder de la alimentación ]]> 2020-11-16 19:07:28 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928804911 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928816786 2020-11-16 19:09:51 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928816786 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928902690 2020-11-16 19:27:18 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928902690 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928913602 · Mensajeros químicos 
  - Neurotransmisores
- Hormonas]]> 2020-11-16 19:29:29 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928913602 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928917434 · Precursores
  - Bases nitrogenadas
  - Gpo hemo
- Clorofila]]> 2020-11-16 19:30:13 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928917434 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928920624 · Intermediarios metabólicos 
  - Arginina 
  - Citrulina
- Ornitina]]> 2020-11-16 19:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928920624 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928975587 Proteínas solo en aminoácidos L]]> 2020-11-16 19:42:01 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/928975587 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929120186 Propiedades estructurales y funcionales]]> 2020-11-16 20:15:33 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929120186 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929128967 Las hélices α en las proteínas son consecuencia de aminoácidos L]]> 2020-11-16 20:17:37 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929128967 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929135497 Las enzimas son moléculas quirales, que sólo pueden unir moléculas de sustrato en una forma enantiómera]]> 2020-11-16 20:19:19 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929135497 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929138722 Las proteasas degradan proteínas por hidólisis de los enlaces peptídicos]]> 2020-11-16 20:20:10 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929138722 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929152163 2020-11-16 20:23:39 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929152163 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929158328 2020-11-16 20:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929158328 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929162694 Los gpos funciones determinan las reacciones]]> 2020-11-16 20:26:26 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929162694 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929166512 2020-11-16 20:27:25 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929166512 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929169918 2020-11-16 20:28:18 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929169918 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929176878 Se forma cuando el grupo α-carboxilo de un aminoácido reacciona con el gpo amino de otro]]> 2020-11-16 20:30:08 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929176878 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929180789 Los aminoácidos unidos son "residuos de aminoácidos"]]> 2020-11-16 20:31:07 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929180789 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929187518 Oxidación de la cisteína ya que éste es muy reactivo]]> 2020-11-16 20:32:56 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929187518 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929191177 Ayudan a estabilizar muchos polipéptidos y proteínas]]> 2020-11-16 20:33:56 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929191177 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929201970 2020-11-16 20:36:20 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929201970 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929234640 Su estructura es menos compleja que la de las moléculas proteicas más grandes]]> 2020-11-16 20:45:06 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929234640 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929239022 2020-11-16 20:46:19 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929239022 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929242235 Se produce en el lóbulo posterior de la hipófisis]]> 2020-11-16 20:47:13 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929242235 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929258432 · Oxitocina
· Vasopresina
· Adrenocorticotropa (ACTH)
· Angiotensinas]]> 2020-11-16 20:51:45 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929258432 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929265126 Poseen generalmente aa's con configuración D o enlaces poco comunes]]> 2020-11-16 20:53:39 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929265126 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929272758 2020-11-16 20:55:50 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929272758 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929277257 · Glutatión
  - Antioxidante
- Presente en muchos tejidos]]> 2020-11-16 20:57:04 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929277257 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929280363 2020-11-16 20:58:00 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929280363 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929311642 · Se consideran cuando un péptido sobrepasa los 40-50 aminoácidos
· Polímeros complejos
· Se expresa en, al menos, 3 niveles estructurales]]> 2020-11-16 21:07:28 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929311642 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929321062 2020-11-16 21:10:23 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929321062 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929323183 Las enzimas dirigen y aceleran (10⁶ y 10¹²)miles de reacciones bioquímicas en procesos como
- digestión
- captura de energía
- biosíntesis]]> 2020-11-16 21:11:03 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929323183 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929336360 2020-11-16 21:15:08 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929336360 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929337314 · Proporcionan protección y sostén
· Propiedades especializadas
  - Colágeno
  - Fibroína
  - Elastina]]> 2020-11-16 21:15:27 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929337314 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929347567 2020-11-16 21:18:45 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929347567 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929349931 · Participan en todos los movimientos celulares
· La actina y tubulina forman el citoesqueleto]]> 2020-11-16 21:19:30 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929349931 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929354540 2020-11-16 21:20:59 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929354540 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929355892 Son activas en:
· división celular
· endocitosis
· exocitosis
· movimiento ameboide e los leucocitos]]> 2020-11-16 21:21:24 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929355892 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929360370 · Queratina
· Fibrinógeno y trombina
· Inmunoglobulinas ]]> 2020-11-16 21:22:51 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929360370 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929367754 2020-11-16 21:25:15 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929367754 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929369482 La unión de una molécula hormonal o un factor de crecimiento a receptores en sus células blanco modifica la función celular
· Insulina y glucagon
· Hormona del crecimineto
· Factores del crecimiento]]> 2020-11-16 21:25:49 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929369482 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929647200 De otras moléculas o iones a través de las membranas o entre células
· Bomba Na-K / ATPasa
· Transportador de glucosa. etc]]> 2020-11-16 23:32:25 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929647200 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929651039 2020-11-16 23:34:25 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929651039 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929653014 Reserva de nutrientes esenciales
· Ovoalbúmina
· Caseína
·Zeína]]> 2020-11-16 23:34:59 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929653014 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929657928 · Citocromo P450
· Metalotioneína
· Proteínas de choque térmico (hsp)]]> 2020-11-16 23:37:50 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929657928 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929662397 2020-11-16 23:40:22 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929662397 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929668334 2020-11-16 23:44:06 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929668334 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929673343 · Proteínas fibrosas (funciones estructurales y protectoras)
· Proteínas globulares ( funciones dinámicas)]]> 2020-11-16 23:47:10 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929673343 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929676958 · Proteínas simples (solo aminoácidos)
· Proteínas conjugadas (proteína simple + gpo prostético)]]> 2020-11-16 23:49:25 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929676958 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929680284 - Proteína sin gpo prostético = APOPROTEÍNA
- Molécula proteíca + gpo prostético = HOLOPROTEÍNA]]> 2020-11-16 23:51:30 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929680284 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929683356 2020-11-16 23:53:22 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929683356 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929685889 · Secuencia de aminoácidos 
· Papel funcional 
· Relaciones con otras proteínas]]> 2020-11-16 23:54:58 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929685889 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929687801 · Ordenamiento espacial de cadenas polipeptídicas
· Tipos:]]> 2020-11-16 23:56:09 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929687801 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929690514 · Estructura rígida en forma de varilla retorcida en una conformación helicoidal
· Se forman puentes de H entre gpo NH y COO
· Los gpos R se extienden hacia afuera]]> 2020-11-16 23:57:50 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929690514 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929694577 Se forman cuando se alinean de lado dos o más segmentos de cadenas polipeptídicas
· Totalmente extendida
· Estabilizadas por puentes de H
· Tipos:
  - Paralelas
- Antíparalelas]]> 2020-11-17 00:00:09 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929694577 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929699191 Muchas proteínas globulars tienen combinaciones de éstas dos, se denominan estructuras supersecundarias]]> 2020-11-17 00:03:02 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929699191 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929701510 · Conformaciones tridimensionales
· Estructuras nativas (biológicamente activas)
· Empaquetamiento eficaz
· Contienen dominios]]> 2020-11-17 00:04:27 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929701510 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929706700 2020-11-17 00:07:48 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929706700 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929708551 · Proteínas con pesos moleculares altos 
· Sintesis de subunidades aisladas más eficaz
· Sustitución de componentes más eficaz
· Regular la función biológica]]> 2020-11-17 00:08:59 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929708551 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929717643 2020-11-17 00:14:14 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929717643 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929718425 · Sensible a los factores del enterno
· Agentes físicos y químicos pueden romper la conformación nativa de una proteína
· DESNATURALIZACIÓN]]> 2020-11-17 00:14:41 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929718425 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929725105 2020-11-17 00:18:30 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929725105 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929726821 · No incluye la ruptura de enlaces peptídicos
· Se pierde parcial o totalmente su actividad biológica
· Cambios observables]]> 2020-11-17 00:19:28 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929726821 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929730776 2020-11-17 00:21:37 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929730776 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929731692 2020-11-17 00:22:10 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929731692 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929732678 2020-11-17 00:22:45 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929732678 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929734253 2020-11-17 00:23:44 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929734253 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929736362 2020-11-17 00:24:58 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929736362 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929740008 2020-11-17 00:27:06 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929740008 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929741795 2020-11-17 00:28:08 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929741795 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929743164 2020-11-17 00:28:58 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929743164 a19660419 https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929747394 2020-11-17 00:31:08 UTC https://padlet.com/a19660419/qgplbse122c4q679/wish/929747394