Divided Attention by https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3 en-us 2021-11-24 13:18:37 UTC 2026-02-13 20:28:33 UTC hello@padlet.com What is divided attention? pr20ihrb https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910596923 MULTITASKING: performing two or more tasks during the same period of time 
  • Multi tasking leads to divided attention 
DIVIDED ATTENITON: ability to respond, simultaneously to multiple tasks or demand. 
We practice divided attention everyday. 
The ability to effectively divide your attention Is impacted by 
  • Practice 
  • Task difficulty 
  • Task similarity 
]]> 2021-11-24 13:25:21 UTC https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910596923 What factors influence divided attention? pr20ihrb https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910597795 Task Difficulty:
-  Schneider and Shiffrin (1977) later investigated influence of task difficulty
- Both target and distractor were made to be letters to make the task more difficult.
- Recognised a lack of automaticity shown in previous experiments into practice.

Task Similarity:
- McCleod (1977) investigated task similarity - or modality.
- Given task of following the contour of a line on computer screen.
 - Simultaneously had to identify tones verbally, or through pointing at labels.
- Participants scored lower in the contour task when having to point
- Harder to do more similar tasks.


]]> 2021-11-24 13:25:45 UTC https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910597795 What are the findings regarding driving while using a mobile phone? pr20ihrb https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910599984 Talking and texting

STRAYER AND JOHNSTONE (2001) 

PARTICIPANTS REQUIRED TO PRESS BRAKED IN RESPONSE TO A RED LIGHT  

RESULTS SHOWED THAT THOSE USING A MOBILE PHONE WERE SLOWER TO RESPOND AND MISSED MORE RED LIGHTS 

THIS WAS REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THE PHONE WAS HANDS-FREE OR NOT  

SO, IT’S NOT DRIVING WITH ONE HAND – IT IS THAT USING A PHONE USES COGNITIVE RESOURCES THAT WOULD NORMALLY BE USED FOR DRIVING. 

 

CAIRD ET AL. (2014) 

IN FOLLOW-UP WORK THEY CONDUCTED A META-ANALYSIS OF STUDIES ON TEXTING AND DRIVING  

TYPING AND READING TEXT MESSAGES ADVERSELY AFFECTED EYE MOVEMENTS STIMULUS DETECTION, REACTION TIME, COLLISIONS, LANE POSITIONING, SPEED AND HEADWAY. 

SMALLER DECREMENTS FOR READING ALONE COMPARED TO TYPING AND TYPING AND READING.

Hand-held vs hands-free

Törnros and Bolling (2005) found that "Since the speed reduction can be interpreted as an attempt to compensate for the increased workload caused by the phone conversation, conversation via a handheld phone seems to trigger a larger compensatory effect than a handsfree phone."

]]> 2021-11-24 13:26:55 UTC https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910599984 Conversations with a person in the vehicle pr20ihrb https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910683868
  • Drews, Pasupathi & Strayer (2008) 
  • A conversation with someone who is present is different than talking on the phone: 
  • Surrounding traffic becomes a topic of conversation, driver and a passenger show situational awareness. 
  • The driving conditions have a direct influence on the complexity of the conversation, reducing the potential negative effects of a conversation on driving. 
  • A passenger who is too “supportive” by constantly commenting and directing attention in an “over-controlling" fashion has a potentially negative impact on performance. 

    • ]]>     2021-11-24 14:06:14 UTC https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1910683868     Practise makes perfect. https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1918688008

    Schneider and Shiffrin (1977)

    • An experiment to demonstrate the impact of practice  
    Method

    • Participants were shown a target stimulus  
    • This was followed by test frames shown rapidly 
    • The participant had to  
    1. Remember the target stimulus
    2. Attend to the  distractor stimulus while comparing to the   target stimulus. 
    • Each participant was presented a series of 20 test  frames 
     

    Aim for the participant

    • Determine whether the target from the memory set was present in a test frame  

    Results 

     | Trials | Pps correct in % 
     | 300 | 55%
     | 900 | 90%
     

    • Automaticity achieved at 600 trials for many participants.

    However,
    • Mundane realism.
    • Depend on the task itself

    ]]>     2021-11-29 18:34:22 UTC https://padlet.com/pr20ihrb/qeltk62yekvrvea3/wish/1918688008