Topic: Impact of population on India’s economy by HARSHIITHA MUTHURAYAR https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf Chapter: Human Resources en-us 2021-02-09 14:45:11 UTC 2025-12-21 11:36:24 UTC hello@padlet.com Growth of population retards capital formation. As population increases, per capita available income declines. People are required to feed more children with the same income. It means more expenditure on consumption and a further fall in already low savings and consequently in the level of investment. Further, a rapidly growing population by losing incomes, saving sand investment compels the people to use a low level of technology which further retards capital formation harshiithamuthurayar https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182446620 2021-02-09 14:47:57 UTC https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182446620 The effect of population growth on per capita income is unfavorable. The growth of population tends to retard the per capita income in three ways- It increases the pressure of population on land.• It leads to increase in costs of consumption goods because of the scarcity of the co-operant factor to increase their supplies.• It leads to a decline in the accumulation of capital because with increase in family members, expenses increase. These adverse effects of population growth on per capita income operate more severely if the percentage of children in total population is high.Therefore a large number of children in the population entail a heavy burden on the economy, because these children simply consume and don’t add to the national product. harshiithamuthurayar https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182457707 2021-02-09 14:49:43 UTC https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182457707 rapid population growth is found to have exercised a quantitatively important negative impact on the pace of aggregate economic growth in developing countries The consequences of population growth on economic development population growth in Western Europe has led to its rapid industrialization. It is sometimes said that a growing population helps in economic development by providing an expanding markets for goods. But it is an erroneous view. Actually over-population retards economic development. All efforts at economic development under fast growing population turn out to be washing away all that we have written. high growth rate of population has slowed down the pace of economic development in the developing countries On the basis of above argument my hypothesis holds true that population growth is constraint for development. It is found that the fast increasing population makes the task of absorbing the labor force in productive activities all the more difficult. So large increase in population is more a liability than an asset in the developing countries. It has also been also examined that increasing demand for agricultural land, firewood, dwelling units’ etc. results in deforestation which adversely affects soil fertility, causes floods and affects the climate. It can be concluded large size of population and its fast rate of growth increases the consumption needs. This increases consumption expenditure. So saving rate and capital formation does not increase much. A part of resources mobilized by such economies are eaten away by fast growing population. Despite this conclusion I want to express that the correlation between population growth and economic development could be favorable only when increasing population is proportionate to resources available in country and resources are to be exploited in its full capacity, in effective and efficient manner by the skillful, talented human resources in the countries like India. harshiithamuthurayar https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182685367  A rapidly increasing population plunges the economy into mass unemployment and under-employment. As population increases, the proportion of workers to total population rises. But in the absence of complementary resources, it is not possible to expand jobs. The result is that with the rise in labor force, unemployment and under-employment increases. A rapidly increasing population reduces income, savings and investment. Thus, capital formation is retarded and job opportunities are reduced, thereby increasing unemployment. Moreover, as the labor force increases in relation to land, capital and other resources, complementary factors available per workers decline. As a result, unemployment increases. India has a backlog of unemployment which keeps on growing with a rapidly increasing population. This tends to increase the level of unemployment manifold as compared with actual increase in labor force. ]]> 2021-02-09 15:23:50 UTC https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1182685367 Rapid population growth leads to environmental damage. Scarcity of land due to rapidly increasing population pushes large number of people to ecologically sensitive areas such as hillsides and tropical forests. It leads to over grazing and cutting of forests for cultivation leading to severe environmental damage. Moreover, the pressure of rapid growth of population forces people to obtain more food for themselves and their livestock. As a result, they over-cultivate the semi-arid areas. This leads to desertification over the long run when land stops yielding anything. Besides, rapid population growth leads to migration of large numbers to urban areas with industrialization. This results in severe air, water and noise pollution in cities and town . harshiithamuthurayar https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1196957807 Rapidly growing population necessitates large investments in social infrastructure and diverts resources from directly productive assets. Due to scarcity of resources, it is not possible to provide educational, health, medical, transport and  housing facilities to the entire population. There is over-crowding everywhere. As a result, the quality of these services goes down. To provide these social infrastructures requires huge investment.  SUGGESTATION S TO CONTROL POPULATION EXPLOSION1- To control the population rate, the best method is to in crease the income rate. 2- Promoting delayed marriages. 3- Encouraging female education and employment. 4- Making available family planning methods through different outlets in urban, semi-urban and rural areas. 5- Government should provide incentives and awards to people for adopting and promoting family planning measures. 6- Government of India has made many laws regarding raising the minimum age of females marriages, education of child labor and others i.e. family planning. Government should take strict steps and make laws against the people who do not follow it. 7- “Family Planning” means bearing of a child by will not by chance. 8- Economic growth needs to be more equitably opportunities. 9- Invest in health infrastructure to reduce infant and child mortality rate. 10- Social consensus for small family norm is promoted. ]]> 2021-02-12 15:45:23 UTC https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1196957807 Per capita income is a measure of the amount of money earned per person in a nation or geographic region. Per capita income can be used to determine the average per-person income for an area and to evaluate the standard of living and quality of life of the population. Per capita income for a nation is calculated by dividing the country's national income by its population.Per capita income is national income divided by population size. Per capita income is often used to measure a sector's average income and compare the wealth of different populations. Per capita income is also often used to measure a country's standard of living The welfare of the people isn't necessarily captured with per capita income. For example, the quality of work conditions, the number of hours worked, education level, and health benefits are not included in per capita income calculations. As a result, the overall welfare of the community may not be accurately reflected. It's important to consider that per capita income is only one metric and should be used in conjunction with other income measurements, such as the median income, income by regions, and the percentage of residents living in poverty. harshiithamuthurayar https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1197127477 2021-02-12 16:20:33 UTC https://padlet.com/harshiithamuthurayar/qc6q8xjsispxnfbf/wish/1197127477