Intertropical convergence zone. Westerlies are winds that flow to the poles and to the west.  There are five major ocean gyres found around the world.The ekman spiral is a spiral of water that is cause by the friction of water pulling other water.

Summary: Coastal currents are connected to winds, waves, and land formations. Longshore currents are affected by the velocity and angle of a wave. Longshore currents move on and off the beach. They can cause rip currents to form around low spots or breaks in sandbars. Upwelling occurs when winds blow across the ocean surface pushing water away from an area and surface water rises up.

longshore drifts. A localized current that flows away from the shoreline toward the ocean, perpendicular or at an acute angle to the shoreline. know as rip currents.  Rip currents typically reach speeds of 1 to 2 feet per second.   Winds blowing across the ocean surface often push water away from an area know as upwelling. Upwelling occurs when winds blowing across the ocean surface push water away from an area and subsurface water rises up to replace the diverging surface water. 

 

Summary: Global climate change could disrupt the global conveyor belt. Causing drastic temperature changes in Europe and even worldwide. Cold, salty, dense water sinks at the Earth's northern polar region and heads south along the western Atlantic basin. The current is "recharged" as it travels along the coast of Antarctica and picks up more cold, salty, dense water. The main current splits into two sections, one traveling northward into the Indian Ocean, while the other heads up into the western Pacific. 

NOAA's National Ocean Service-studies and provides access to thousands of historical and real-time observations. Also the tides and water levels are highly affected by marine time activities. The rise and fall of the tides play an important role in the natural world and can have a marked effect on maritime-related activities. The water and tides level differs from each other by complex systems. That is why tides and water level are very complex towards each other. 

Summary:  The gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon is strongest on the side of the Earth that is facing the moon. Two tidal bulges are created on opposite sides of the Earth due to the moon's gravitational force.  One bulge can form where the Earth and moon are closest. Also the other bulge forms where they are furthest apart. On the “far side,” the gravitational attraction of the moon is less because it is farther away. 

Summary:  Coastal areas experience two high tides and two low tides every lunar. Lunar day is the time it takes for the Earth to rotate from an exact point under the moon to the same point under the moon. A solar day lasts 24-hours, while a lunar day lasts 24 hours and 50 minutes. Lunar day is 50 minutes longer than solar day since the moon revolves around the Earth in the same direction that the Earth rotates around its axis. This causes the Earth to take an extra 50 minutes to "catch up."