Cell's Wall by Julissa

taboraj019 — 2023-12-01 20:53:55 UTC

Eukaryotic Cell

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:05:11 UTC

Parts of the Cell

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:07:12 UTC

Where are they found?

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:14:38 UTC

Eukaryotic cells are located in plants, animals including humans, fungi, and protozoa. They are together classified under the kingdom Eukaryota.

Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:19:33 UTC

They contain membrane-bound organelles and a well-defined nucleus. A complex nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus
Their cell wall consists of cellulose and some other carbohydrates
The genetic material is DNA, which is linear and has multiple origins of replication. The DNA is complexed with histone proteins
They contain cytoskeletal structural elements (microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments) that provide structural support to the cell
Cilia and flagella are the locomotory organs
Reproduce either asexually by mitosis or fission or sexually

Nucleus

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:31:59 UTC

Is a double-membrane bound organelle that contains all the genetic information of the cell. It is the most prominent and essential part. A nucleus has four main parts: nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, nucleolus,chromatin.

Functions

Storing genetic information as DNA that is necessary for the development and cell reproduction
Containing information for protein synthesis and other cellular functions

Mitochondria

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:36:53 UTC

It is bounded by two membranes. Mitochondria contain DNA, RNA, and other components required for protein synthesis.

Functions

Producing energy as ATP
Regulating cell metabolism
Performing protein synthesis for itself

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:42:24 UTC

It is a small network of tubular structures. It divides the cell cytoplasm into two parts: luminal and cytoplasm. They are of two types: a) smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) that is devoid of the ribosome and b) rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), with the attached ribosome.

Functions

Performing lipid synthesis (SER)
Carrying out protein-folding and transporting them to Golgi apparatus (SER)
Performing protein synthesis (RER)

Ribosomes

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:44:20 UTC

Structures not bounded by a membrane. They are made of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and proteins. It has a size of between 25 and 30 nm.

Function

Acting as the site for proteins and polypeptides synthesis

Golgi apparatus

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:49:45 UTC

It is a cellular organelle

Function

Production of glycoproteins (proteins with carbohydrates) and glycolipids (lipids with carbohydrates)

Lysosomes

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 01:53:14 UTC

Membrane-bound organelles formed in the Golgi apparatus. They contain rich hydrolytic enzymes such as lipases, proteases, and peptidases. Lysosomes are thus called ‘suicidal bags’.

Functions

Digesting lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
Preventing the entry of foreign particles such as bacteria and viruses and destroying them

Centrioles

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 02:03:45 UTC

Are cylindrical organelles composed of a microtubule protein called tubulin.

Functions

Cell division by facilitating the separation of chromosomes, containing DNA,
Formation of Cilia and Flagella (to provide the cell with the ability to sense extracellular signals and also helps in movement)

Cytoplasmic membrane

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 02:11:06 UTC

It is a lipid layer of phospholipids and other substances that provides protection to the cell.

functions

Provides stable conditions inside
One of them is to transport nutrients into the cell and expel toxic substances out of the cell.

Vacuole

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 02:17:08 UTC

Is a membrane-bound cellular organelle.

Function

Vacuoles are generally small and help retain waste products.

Chromatin

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 02:23:24 UTC

Is the form in which DNA is presented in the cell nucleus,

organized composed of DNA, RNA and proteins.

functions

Provide the genetic information necessary for cellular organelles to carry out transcription and protein synthesis
They conserve and transmit the genetic information contained in DNA, duplicating the DNA in cellular reproduction.

Nuclear Envelope

taboraj019 — 2023-12-09 02:28:23 UTC

The nuclear envelope is made up of two concentric membranes.

Function

It is the envelope that surrounds and delimits the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell.