Giannis' HerpetoArea by GiannisAnnousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky en-us 2019-02-19 12:30:13 UTC 2023-02-26 20:09:18 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/346179050/7524615532d5072b8da316cafaef4c3e/flat_550x550_075_f_u5.jpg Some general info giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333693807 Geographically, Greece belongs to Southeastern Europe and to the Eastern Mediterranean region. It is the crossroad of three continents, namely, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
The geomorphology is diverse. Greece is primarily a mountainous country, with seventy per cent of its territory covered by mountains. It has a very long coastline, with a plethora of peninsulas and islands.
The ecosystems range from the semi-desert like ones of Southeastern Crete to the cold climate mountain forests of birch, Scotch pine, and spruce. This variety often appears within small areas. For example, in a 150 km transect from the coasts of the North Aegean to the top of the Rodopi mountain one encounters ecosystems of Mediterranean, Central European and Scandinavian type.
Greece has an area of 131,940 km2.
So far there are 69 species of reptiles (of which 10 are endemic) and 25 species of amphibians (of which the three are endemic).
It is important to say that the total number of reptiles hosted by Greece, per km2, is the largest in Europe!
https://www.geogreece.gr/refuge_en.php
]]> 2019-02-21 15:56:19 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333693807 Some herpetological trips (in Greece) with lists of observed species giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333701106 -https://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=8
-https://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=66
-https://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=49
-https://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=28
-https://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=7]]> 2019-02-21 16:08:05 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333701106 Habitat 1: Wetland giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333717013 Lake Kaiafa (Fig. A) and waterfalls of Polylimnio (Fig. B) are typical wetlands of Greece.
The former, is a lake in Peloponnese, in Ilia. The lake is located by the sea, it has thermal waters and water sports activities such as water skiing. It is administratively owned by Zacharo, which is five (5) kilometers away.
The latter, is a combination of waterfalls and small lakes in Peloponnese, in Messinia. It is 14 kilometers away from the nearest destination, Petalidi town.
In these kind of habitats, you can find many species of herpetofauna.
Like Emys orbicularis (1), Podarcis peloponnesiacus (2), Mauremys rivulata (3), Hellenolacerta graeca (4), Rana graeca (5) and Natrix natrix (6).
https://www.herpsafari.nl/tripreports-eu/2017-7-greece-peloponnese-pindos-kythira-pori/]]> 2019-02-21 16:32:27 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333717013 Habitat 2: Phryganic ecosystem giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333758891 Phryganic ecosystems are one of the main plant formations formed especially in southern Greece and the islands, up to the altitude of 300 meters. Phrygana covers a large part of Greece and, in general, the Mediterranean has the appropriate climatic conditions for their development. This type of vegetation is typical of the Mediterranean ecosystems and is usually considered to be the result of degradation of pre-existing vegetation, maquis and forest. It grows mainly on poor and rocky limestone and siliceous soils or on areas repeatedly burned by fires.
Οn the island of Milos, there is a large part of the phryganic ecosystems (Fig. A) where they host several species of herpetofauna.
Such as Lacerta trilineata (1), Podarcis milensis (2), Macrovipera schweizeri (3), Telescopus fallax (4) and Elaphe situla (5).
https://www.milosminingmuseum.com/en/the-wealth-of-milos/the-natural-wealth-of-milos/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcpuFbg5n_0]]> 2019-02-21 17:40:26 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333758891 Habitat 3: Parks in towns giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333782119 Parks in the cities are something like islands. Only instead of the sea, they are surrounded by cement and roads. So, the species found in the city parks are ensnared. Athens, is a city with several parks where there are several species of herpetofauna.
With its intense presence of stones and vegetation, Athens parks are capable of hosting both reptiles and amphibians.
The presence of people, of course, exacerbates the state of the parks, but some of the species seem to manage it.
So, in Athens parks (Fig. A) there are Testudo marginata (1), Bufotes viridis (2), Pelophylax kurtmuelleri (3) and Testudo hermanni (4).
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?place_id=any&verifiable=any&iconic_taxa=Amphibia,Reptilia]]> 2019-02-21 18:18:34 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333782119 Checklist of Endemic Reptile Species giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333803658 2019-02-21 18:38:25 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333803658 The Amphibians and Reptiles of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333804579 http://www.herpetofauna.gr/

]]> 2019-02-21 18:39:19 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333804579 ID card of amphibian fossil giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333833215 The presence of the frog Latonia cf. gigantea in Greece is documented for the first time. Additionally, the presence of viperids in Aliveri implies a much wider distribution for these snakes during the early Miocene of Europe. Of special interest is the presence of a peculiar colubrid that seems to possess a hitherto unknown vertebral structure, which is herein defined as the ‘paracentral ridge’. Although incomplete, the new material has important taxonomic and biogeographic implications, as it enhances our understanding of southeastern European herpetofaunas from the early Miocene, a time period that was characterised by major dispersal and extinction events and climatic change that affected the whole continent.
Unfortunately, there is not enough information about the exact location of the species, Latonia cf. gigantea, on the phylogenetic tree.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2017.1417404
-https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699516300973
-https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699594800588]]> 2019-02-21 19:11:50 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333833215 ID card of reptilian fossil giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333833338 Remains of a varanid lizard from the middle Pleistocene of the Tourkobounia 5 locality near Athens, Greece are described. The new material comprises cranial elements only (one maxilla, one dentary, and one tooth) and is attributed to Varanus (Varanus marathonensis), the genus to which all European Neogene varanid occurrences have been assigned. Previously, the youngest undisputed varanid from Europe had been recovered from upper Pliocene sediments. The new Greek fossils therefore constitute the youngest records of this clade from the continent.
These fossils could represent a survivor of the monitor lizards of Asian origin that inhabited Europe during the Neogene.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2017.1301946
-http://reptileevolution.com/index.htm
-https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0207719&fbclid=IwAR2hpevPgpGybzSmEb9BD6DStdX5v3XkjtJhNT-pZIgwTtHZwkZ1ANOZ0Zg]]> 2019-02-21 19:12:00 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/333833338 The SOCIETAS HELLENICA HERPETOLOGICA giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334179222 2019-02-22 15:35:10 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334179222 Assess the problem giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334425363 During the glacial period all species migrated due to the low temperature prevailing in northern Europe. The southern Europe was not ice-covered and thus created favorable conditions for the species. So, many species settled in the southern part of Europe and created populations.
In these areas they found plenty of water, food and managed to survive.
Over the years and due to the geographical relief of southern Europe, but also a number of other factors (such as microclimate, the natural selection etc.) new species were created.
Non-migrating species were driven to extinction.
To conclusion, I do believe that these two phenomena are connected.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.12853
-https://blogs.egu.eu/divisions/cr/2016/03/
-http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/reptiles/geographic_patterns.htm
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SuRFwrJZ9s

]]> 2019-02-23 11:33:41 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334425363 The effect of climate change on organisms in Europe giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334427993 Over the past 40 years, species have been extending their ranges toward the poles and populations have been migrating, developing, or reproducing earlier in the spring than previously. These range expansions and changes in the timing of seasonal events have generally been attributed to "phenotypic plasticity".
Exept the "phenotypic plasticity" recent studies show that over the recent decades, climate change has led to heritable, genetic changes in populations of animals.
Blackcaps (birds) in central Europe have been increasingly overwintering in Britain rather than Iberia; the genetically distinct British subpopulation arrives earlier at the nesting grounds and thus obtains superior territories or mates. European great tits (birds) depend on caterpillars to feed their young. With earlier springs, the caterpillars have been maturing earlier, before the tit chicks hatch, leading to a decline in lifetime reproductive success of the birds.
Global warming is proceeding fastest at the most northern latitudes, where the gradient in winter cold is steepest, thereby expanding the growing season while alleviating winter cold stress without imposing summer heat stress. Hence, northern climates are becoming more like those in the south, resulting in many species in the future to emigrate to the northern part of Europe.
This would lead to disturbance of ecosystems because ecosystems are completely dependent on the diversity of species that may change in the future.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature01286
-https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2000.1065
-http://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521864712
-https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/maps
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https://www.eea.europa.eu/soer-2015/europe/climate-change-impacts-and-adaptation]]> 2019-02-23 11:58:44 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334427993 The amphibian and reptile species of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334437524 As I said in "Welcome to my HerpetoArea" section, Greece has the largest number of reptiles in Europe because of the intense geographic relief and climatic conditions. There are 69 species of reptiles (of which 10 are endemic) and 25 species of amphibians (of which the three are endemic).
Below, I mention a site displaying all reptiles and amphibians in Greece.
In the icon there is a map formed by myself where all the endemic species of Greece appear.
http://www.herpetofauna.gr/
-https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-zoology/article/phylogeny-of-the-european-lizard-genus-algyroides-reptilia-lacertidae-based-on-dna-sequences-with-comments-on-the-evolution-of-the-group/9F5487CD8541A03F9E2E08F156E2F609
-https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1017/S1477200008002727
-https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Panayiotis_Pafilis/publication/328307210_Diet_composition_of_the_Karpathos_marsh_frog_Pelophylax_cerigensis_what_does_the_most_endangered_frog_in_Europe_eat/links/5bc5c309299bf17a1c559e26/Diet-composition-of-the-Karpathos-marsh-frog-Pelophylax-cerigensis-what-does-the-most-endangered-frog-in-Europe-eat.pdf
-https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790317304979
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https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/2/2/233]]> 2019-02-23 13:33:27 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334437524 Herpetofauna of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334440521 2019-02-23 14:05:41 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334440521 New records and an updated list of the herpetofaunaof Kastellorizo and the adjacent islet Psomi(Dodecanese, SE Greece) giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334440708 On Psomi islet, encountered individuals of Anatololacerta sp. and Mediodactylus cf. danilewskii. Based on the analysis of the mitochondrial gene cytb, the recently discovered lizard population from the settlement of Megisti was identified as Anatololacerta pelasgiana (Mertens, 1959), while that of Psomi islet as Anatololacerta budaki (Eiselt and Schmidtler, 1986), a new addition to the herpetofauna of Greece.

https://www.biotaxa.org/hn/article/view/38679/36565]]> 2019-02-23 14:07:36 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/334440708 Physiology and adaptation of of reptile species giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/335473324 Podarcis erhardii livadiacus (TL: 22cm; SVL: 7cm), is less of a climber than many other wall lizard species, but climbs more than some others (such as Podarcis tauricus). This lizard occurs, on islands running between low shurbs (from sea-level to medium altitudes, up to 1,400 m). Usually, an inquiditive species and less shy than some of its congeners and feeds on a wide variety of invertebrates.
On some islands in Aegean lives alongside Falco eleonarae. These lizards gravitate towards falcon nests when they breed in lat summer, feeding on discarded prey, flies attracted to the birds' excrement and possibly also on external parasites of the chicks.
Active throughout the year in S of range (because of the high temperature) and in N of range active between February and November (because of the low temperature during the winter).
Males occupy territories and survey them from a high vantage point.
Mating take place in March and females lay 1-5 eggs in July in mainland populations. Insular populations may have smaller clutch sizes. Juveniles emerge in September.
(Ref: Jeroen Speybroeck. Wouter Beukema, Bobby Bok. Jan Van Der Velikov. 2016. Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Britain and Europe. British Wildlife Field Guides) 

http://gallotia.de/AS/Bibliografie/BIB_8973.pdf
-https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/110598/evo12555.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
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http://www.bpo-natura.de/en/index.php?id=163
-https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/110598/evo12555.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
-http://old.biol.uoa.gr/enphysg/pdf/hus.pdf]]> 2019-02-26 17:00:33 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/335473324 Physiology and adaptation of amphibian species giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/335671517 Pelophylax cerigensis (TL: 5.5 cm) has relative rough skin and it is found in Karpathos, Greece (and possibly also in Rhodes), at elevations around 300 m (Beerli et al. 1994). Pelophylax cerigensis is only known with certainty from a single river on northern Karpathos Island. The mountainous river is near Olimbos. The required habitat is still or slow-moving waters where mating and larval development occur (Beerli et al. 2009).
An amorous, shy frog that often shines out of the water and dives in it as soon as it feels danger. It mates the spring (between March & June) and the females give birth to eggs in several hundreds of clusters in the water.
Active throughout the year if conditions are right but generaly much more active in spring and summer.
The Karpathos marsh frog adopted a rather simple diet, comprising fewer prey taxa than other ranid frogs in the area (Cogălniceanu et al., 2000; Mollov et al., 2006; Bisa et al., 2007; Bogdan et al., 2013). The dominant prey groups were insects, spiders and isopods. Frogs from the two examined populations prey on the same invertebrate taxa (11 common groups), with limited differentiation between them.
(Ref: Pafilis, P., Kapsalas, G., Lymberakis, P., Protopappas, D., Sotiropoulos, K., 2019. Diet composition of the Karpathos marsh frog (Pelophylax cerigensis): what does the most endangered frog in Europe eat? Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 42.1: 1–8).

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Panayiotis_Pafilis/publication/328307210_Diet_composition_of_the_Karpathos_marsh_frog_Pelophylax_cerigensis_what_does_the_most_endangered_frog_in_Europe_eat/links/5bc5c309299bf17a1c559e26/Diet-composition-of-the-Karpathos-marsh-frog-Pelophylax-cerigensis-what-does-the-most-endangered-frog-in-Europe-eat.pdf
-https://amphibiaweb.org/species/5000
-https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/58567/11787309
-https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305113519_The_frog_of_Karpathos_Pelophylax_cerigensis_and_the_Management_Agency_of_Karpathos_Saria_in_Greek_with_English_abstract
-https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/66317-Pelophylax-cerigensis]]> 2019-02-26 22:19:58 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/335671517 Assess the problem giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/336348705 (As a scientist)
Αccording to Richard Jenkins
et al., an understanding of the conservation status of Madagascar’s endemic reptile species is needed to underpinconservation planning and priority setting in this global biodiversity hotspot, and to complement existing information onthe island’s mammals, birds and amphibians. So it is very important that we do not let the species of reptiles in Madagascar extinct.
there are several solutions to avoid this.
Continued exploration of taxonomy and diversity of reptilespecies, to gain a realistic view of Madagascar’sreptile diversity and, consequently, its threat status. To assess the vulnerability of Malagasy reptiles to climatechange, and increase scientific studies On the impact of forest destruction and its degradation on reptiles. Also, the protected areas could be reviewed as there are populations of reptiles endangered in areas outside of them.
http://www.herpconbio.org/Volume_10/Issue_1/Theisinger_Ratianarivo_2015.pdf
-https://www.ajol.info/index.php/mcd/article/view/57338
-https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Derek_Schuurman/publication/235346782_Amphibians_in_the_Mist_-_Madagascar%27s_endemic_frogs_increasingly_under_threat/links/02bfe5112401cc068a000000
-https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2011.00459.x
-https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264897010_Extinction_Risks_and_the_Conservation_of_Madagascar%27s_Reptiles]]> 2019-02-28 12:05:14 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/336348705 A list of herpetofauna threats giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/336356345 Amphibians and reptiles, like much of the world's fauna, are subject to anthropogenic pressures. Habitat lose represents not the only threat of greatest concern to the herpetofauna. Pathogens comprise a seperate category of threat. Infection with the fungus Batrachchytrium dendrobatitis has caused the collapse of amphibian populations inm any different parts of the world (Jeroen Speybroeck et al., Field Guide to the Amphibians & Reptiles of Britain and Europe. 2016. British Wildlife Field Guides). Also, there are some other threats listed in the list below:
1. Habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation
2. Invasive alien species
3. Diseases
4. Overexploitation
5. Climate change]]> 2019-02-28 12:34:16 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/336356345 Possible signs of climate change giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337482499 Recent climate change has caused the distributions of many species to shift poleward in islands. 
After a scientific study it was found that populations extinction rates are higher for those species that today have more northern distributions. Northern species requiring cool, mesic habitats have less available suitable habitat among islands, implicating loss of suitable habitat in their elevated extinction rates.
These extinctions occur in the context of increasing fragmentation, with islands shrinking and separating as sea levels rose. Thus, the circumstances faced by reptiles on the islands are similar to challenges for numerous species today that must cope with a changing climate while living in an increasingly human-fragmented landscape.

]]> 2019-03-04 14:49:43 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337482499 Strategies to help face these threats giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337486828 The number of conservation efforts to save amphibian and reptile species from local extinction has increased singnificantly during the last decades in many European countries, so in Greece, with the protection of sea turtle nesting sites in Greece,

http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30058241/hays-estimatingthe-2002.pdf

or the saving of Ithaca's green toad, with the creation of lakes on the island.

http://www.easystarter.com/projects/swste-ton-prasinofryno-ths-ithakhs

Even moρε extreme methods are effective As shown in the paper below, which shows a model to reduce the Lithobates catesbeianus.
Μodeling suggests that culling of metamorphs in fall is the most effective method of decreasing  Lithobates catesbeianus population growth rate.

http://www.humanities.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/75/files/res19.pdf

Conservation efforts are, however, not limited to official organizations. Instead of going out to look for amphibian and reptiles in the field, one can also encourage them to colonise gardens or other semi-natural places by making improvements that will attract them. Creating basking spots compsed of rocks, pecies of wood in a sunny spot may attract varius reptile species native to the area. Creating a small ecosystem in your own garden is an easy way to support local herpetophauna populations and to observe and admire them at close range (Jeroen Speybroeck et al., Field Guide to the Amphibians & Reptiles of Britain and Europe. 2016. British Wildlife Field Guides).  ]]> 2019-03-04 14:58:04 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337486828 Business plan of a local voluntary organisation which aims to protect the local herpetofauna. giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337529897 Amphibians and reptiles are among the most misunderstood groups in the animal kingdom. It is logical to this happened, because most of the people do not perceive reptiles as well as mammals. Βoth reptiles and amphibians are species that are not as expressive as mammals.
Τo be able to say that the herpetofauna of a local area will be protected, we will have to gradually focus on changing this mentality.
Information programs should first be set up in schools and later in the entire local population, as far as familiarizing people with these species. Reporting on what the reptiles and amphibians offer to ecosystems are very important and people should be known. 
So, this organization can share various leaflets, shows documentaries, take apart an exhibition of live reptiles and amphibians and sharing T-shirts with logos.
A voluntary group can also carry out cleansing on habitats which hosting the herpetofauna of local area. Garbage collection, removing dry shrubs and friends to prevent fire are some tasks that can be carried out.
Also, can providing training on how to identify some of the species found on site, usually at the start of the survey season (spring). The data that will be produced is vital for local records and on a national scale. It all feds into national recording schemes to build a wider picture of what's happening to the herpetofauna of the local area. 
Last but not least, they can become voluntary work, thus upgrading the habitat, such as the construction of a lake (for amphibians), or the gathering of stones and wood to encourage the colonization of reptiles in the local area.

https://www2.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/sites/default/files/folders/documents/environmentandplanning/countryside/protectedspecies/reptilesguidelinesdevelopers.pdf

]]> 2019-03-04 16:17:02 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337529897 Natural environment of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337634684 Greece lies in the south of the Balkan peninsula and is part of the European East Mediterranean Region. 
Its territory expands in approximately 132.000 km2, its coast line is 15.000 km long, and has a great variety of geomorphological formations and rocks. In general, the climate can be regarded as Mediterranean, with mild and wet winters, and hot and dry summers.]]> 2019-03-04 19:29:48 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337634684 Forest vegetation zones of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337636066 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-forest-vegetation-zones-extant-or-potential-of-Greece_fig1_324034455]]> 2019-03-04 19:33:00 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337636066 Climate of Greece giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337660117 The climate in Greece is predominantly Mediterranean. However, due to the country's unique geography, Greece has a remarkable range of micro-climates and local variations. To the west of the Pindus mountain range, the climate is generally wetter and has some maritime features. The east of the Pindus mountain range is generally drier and windier in summer.
Mediterranean climate occurs in the Aegean Islands, especially the Cyclades and the Dodecanese, southern and Evia, low-lying areas of Attica, the western, eastern and southern low-lying Peloponnese areas, and the low-lying areas of Crete.
During the summer, the weather is most frequently sunny and dry, and any precipitation falls in the form of showers or thunderstorms from cumuliform clouds. The air is usually hot during the day and pleasantly warm at night, but there are some very windy days, especially in the Cyclades islands and around them. Heatwaves may occur, but they are usually quite mild at the coastal areas, where temperatures are moderated by the relatively cooler sea and the sea breeze. Winters are wet and any snow that falls does not last long, especially in the south-facing slopes. Rain in winter is often persistent: The west areas of this climate zone receive a relatively higher amount of precipitation.
In Alpine Mediterranean, the winter is harsh with abundant snowfalls, while the summers are cool with frequent thunderstorms. This climate is to be found on high mountains, like Pindus and Rhodope.]]> 2019-03-04 20:21:50 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/337660117 Comparison HerpetoArea giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338018593 Species of herpetofauna across the world differ from country to country. The same thing happens with the ecosystems that host these species.
In Alicia's HerpetoArea (BE), I found very intresting the "Atlas of Amphibians and Reptiles of the Brussels Region" from 2005, cheking the herpeto biodiversity. Something that in my country does not exist!
In Andrea's HerpetoArea (DE), there are 10 reptiles and 18 amphibians.
On the other side in Niki's HerpetoArea (ZA), there is no Urodela Order at all, with the black mamba (occured in this area) be the most dangerous reptile. There is also and the desert ecosystem.
In my HerpetoArea, there are 69 reptiles and 25 amphibias, with Viperidae family be the most dangerous. 
With regard to ecosystems, the biggest difference is that there are more Mediterranean ecosystems in my HerpetoArea, while in the northern countries forests. Lakes, rivers ect, is the same.]]> 2019-03-05 17:17:12 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338018593 Comparison Business plan giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338018761 I compare my plan to that of Ruth, Olympia, Dimitra's Herpetofauna. 
To begin with, the identification that suggest Ruth, is very important to encounter the problem. 
On the other hand, Olympia suggest to give the children tools to recognize the dangers and making them feel that they have the locus of control of their own environment. This is very interesting.
Last but not least, Sergia suggest to create posters and speeches for information purposes about Herpetofauna. 
Summarizing, I can see to all of us a common purpose. The children must learn about the local Herpetofauna of them. They must stop seeing the reptiles as dangerous and fed animals.]]> 2019-03-05 17:17:28 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338018761 Geological Periods giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338951723 https://www.radford.edu/~jtso/GeologyofVirginia/Fossils/GeologyOfVAFossils3-6c.html]]> 2019-03-07 16:36:54 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/338951723 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181330 Stellagama stellio]]> 2019-03-17 22:00:46 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181330 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181527 Podarcis erhardii]]> 2019-03-17 22:02:21 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181527 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181636 Podarcis peloponesiacus]]> 2019-03-17 22:03:17 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181636 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181874 Podarcis muralis]]> 2019-03-17 22:05:01 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181874 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181962 Podarcis milensis]]> 2019-03-17 22:05:44 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342181962 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182056 Podarcis cretensis]]> 2019-03-17 22:06:21 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182056 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182199 Podarcis gaigaeae]]> 2019-03-17 22:07:29 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182199 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182414 Podarcis ionicus]]> 2019-03-17 22:08:22 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182414 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182491 Podarcis levendis]]> 2019-03-17 22:09:01 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182491 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182776 Podarcis tauricus]]> 2019-03-17 22:10:58 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182776 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182958 Lacerta agilis]]> 2019-03-17 22:11:59 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342182958 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342183142 Lacerta trilineata]]> 2019-03-17 22:13:17 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342183142 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342183280 Lacerta viridis]]> 2019-03-17 22:14:16 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342183280 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342444635 Vipera ammodytes]]> 2019-03-18 15:08:28 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342444635 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342444957 Vipera berus]]> 2019-03-18 15:09:03 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342444957 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342445612 Vipera graeca]]> 2019-03-18 15:10:18 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342445612 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342446144 Macrovipera schweizeri]]> 2019-03-18 15:11:10 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342446144 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342446788 Elaphe quatuorlineata]]> 2019-03-18 15:12:18 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342446788 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342447601 Zamenis situla]]> 2019-03-18 15:13:39 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342447601 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342448327 Natrix natrix]]> 2019-03-18 15:14:51 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342448327 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342448674 Erix jaculus]]> 2019-03-18 15:15:26 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342448674 giannisannousis https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342449369 Platyceps najadum]]> 2019-03-18 15:16:40 UTC https://padlet.com/giannisannousis/q8uagw1ystky/wish/342449369