Period 3: Democracy and Women's Rights in America: The Fight Over the ERA by Amy Palo

What did the concept of "coverture" mean for women's property?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

What did Abigail Adams ask of her husband, future President John Adams? Did he respond?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Describe how New Jersey differed from other new states.

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What role did women have in civic life during this time period?

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Where/how is our right to petition protected in this country?

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"in England & colonial America, where relatively few men could vote, petitions had been couched in the language of deference, as "prayers" to the powerful"- mochi

What did women advocate for regarding Temperance and the Cherokee Indians (what were they trying to accomplish)?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

"wives & mothers trying to protect their families from the rum sellers"- mochi

Describe Lucretia Mott's role as an ABOLITIONIST.

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"persuaded 2k pennsylvanian women to sign petitions to congress asking it to abolish slavery & the slave trade in the district of Columbia"- mochi

How did women advocate for Abolition? Give 3 specifics from the text.

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"84 of them signed only by women" -mochi

What language did Seneca Falls model its declaration on? Record the first line of the declaration.

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

"They were Mirroring the Declaration of Independence" "We hold these truths to self-evident: that all men and women are created equal"- Zori

Explain "School Suffrage." Explain what the New York Earnings Act allowed.

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

The school suffrage was in Kentucky and Michigan, granting women; allowing women to vote for local school boards.

The New York Earning Act was not allowed wives to retain ownership of property they held at marriage; many others states followed. New York also enacted the first Earnings Act, also widely imitated which allowed married women to own any money to own any money they made during marriage.- Zori

What did women hope for with the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments? What were women's rights activists upset about?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

The Women's rights activist became uninterested because of the sexual violence such as restricting liquor sales As well as them promoting contraception, and few of them objected with states. The Women from the 14th and 15th Amendments hoped for "Peace"- Zori

What language did Elizabeth Cady Stanton and others want added as a Constitutional Amendment?

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex"- Zori

What did states do between the 1880s and 1910s to keep immigrants and formerly enslaved African Americans from voting?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

These requirements, among other potential factors, such as voter registration laws and the rise of the secret ballot, helped produce a general reduction in voter turnout between the 1880's and the 1910's, from over 80 percent to below 60 percent as a share of the voter-eligible population. Zane

How did Alice Paul approach fighting for women's suffrage?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

In 1913 Paul helped found the Congressional Union, which became the National Woman's Party (NWP) in 1916. Its members adopted confrontational tactics, such as picketing the White House because President Wilson insisted suffrage was a state issue and engaging in dramatic acts of civil disobedience. Zane

Which President was pressured into suggesting a women's suffrage amendment? Which Congressperson introduced the amendment?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

President Wilson. Jeannette Rankin introduced the amendment into the House. Zane

What did the Expatriation Act do? What did the partial repeal allow?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Expatriation Act of 1907, a federal law requiring American women who married foreigners to relinquish their citizenship ( the U.S. The Supreme Court had ruled in 1915 that law did not violate women's Fourteenth Amendment rights). A woman who married a foreigner could retain her citizenship only if the man she married was himself eligible to be a U.S. citizen. Zane

What were two things that John F. Kennedy did that angered the Feminist movement, and 2 things he did that they approved?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

John F. Kennedy angered the Feminist Movement because of his lack of enthusiasm for the ERA and by making fewer female appointments than his supporters expected

In response to the complaints, his administration backed the first federal Equal Pay law, enacted in 1963, which banned gender-based pay discrimination

Kennedy also appointed a Commission on the Status of Woman, which issued a lengthy report in 1963.

- CM

What part of the Constitution did Civil Rights lawyer and activist Pauli Murray suggest using? What did she call the conditions that discriminated against both women and African Americans (hint: it's a play on words on a term you already know)?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Pauli Murray suggested using the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment against Jim Crow, which she called "Jane Crow"

-CM

What was The Feminine Mystique, and what was its impact?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Feminine Mystique was a book published by Betty Friedan, Betty Friedan's book, Feminine Mystique, influenced American women to become feminists by addressing the dissatisfaction and unfulfilled expectations of women, particularly those who were expected to be housewives, in doing so challenging traditional gender roles.

-CM

How did the Feminism movement change in the late 1960s and 1970s?

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Give two examples of ways in which women were discriminated against in the early 20th century.

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Only so many states allowed women to sit on juries, they were excluded by law and custom from many occupations, and most professional school. -Katie

What language did Congress propose for an Equal Rights Amendment in 1923?

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"Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

What are two criticisms from opponents of the ERA?

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The language was too vague. Also it gave Congress the authority to enforce equal rights on domestic relations would produce a dangerous expansion of federal power.

What did the Fair Labor Standards Act (FSLA) establish? This made many people think the language of the ERA might not be necessary.

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Minimum wage and work hours for both female and male workers

When the Senate approved the ERA in 1950 and 53, what language was added?

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"The provisions of this article shall not be contributed to impair any rights, benefits, or exemptions now or hereafter conferred by law upon persons of the female sex."

What was the progress of the ERA by December of 1972? What was the number 1 Billboard song?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

3 more states(IL, PA, and VA) added equal rights

amendments to their own constitutions.

#1 song was "I am Women, Hear Me Roar".

What did Ruth Bader Ginsburg argue in Reed vs. Reed. How did it challenge gender discrimination?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Sex based classifications should be regarded by the courts in the same way that courts regarded race-base classifications, challenged gender discrimination by comparing it to race discrimination.

What was Title IX? What is its impact?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Title IX was a Educational Amendment that stated "No person in the US shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.

What did Congress do in October, 1978? What did South Dakota do in December of 1979? Why?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

1- Congress approved the extension of the ratification deadline.

2- South Dakota voted to rescind its ratification on the grounds that extension violated states' rights.

Who was Phyllis Schlafly, and what was her position on the ERA?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Phyllis Schlafly was a prominent conservative activist.

What were two specific criticisms Schlafly had about the ERA?

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The ERA would not expand women's rights
She also objected that the ERA was "anti-children", and "pro-abortion"

What was the feminist position on Roe v. Wade? What was Schlafly's position?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

The feminist position on Roe v. Wade was having abortion laws welcomed, and giving the women rights to tax-funded abortions. Schlafly's position was not approving that law as she saw abortion as murder.

What did Reagan promise women in 1980? Did he deliver? Explain.

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC

Reagan promised to support equal opportunities for women and promote family-friendly policies. He took some measures, but not all promises were fulfilled.

What happened to the ERA in 1972 in Florida?

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What did Florida propose to do instead of ratify the ERA (in 1978)?

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Florida proposed a state amendment called the ''Equal Rights Amendment" instead of ratifying the ERA.

How did the National Organization of Women (NOW) pressure Florida to ratify the ERA?

apalo — 2024-03-20 16:41:17 UTC