https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3 Made with love en-us 2018-04-04 13:43:16 UTC 2018-04-10 02:39:02 UTC hello@padlet.com perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491115 -The Hoover administration introduced a limited range of measures to deal with the crisis. However, these were not seen to go far enough and Herbert Hoover lot the 1932 presidential election to Franklin D. Roosevelt. 
Roosevelt introduced a wide range of measures, called the New Deal, during his first two terms a president. The measures tackled unemployment, farming, industry, housing trade union rights, and regional problems.
-Some critics of the New Deal argued that Roosevelt's policies destroyed the American belief in freedom; others argued they did not go far enough to tackle the problems. How fat the measures helped recovery is debatable, as the US slipped back into recession in 1937 and the US economy recovered only with the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. ]]> 2018-04-04 13:49:49 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491115 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491246 -The causes and consequences of the GD in Canada were very similar to those of the Depression in the USA. Although there were regional variations, decline was severe and recovery was slow, ending only with the start of the Second World War. 
-The liberal government of Mackenzie King did little to address the crisis and was defeated in the 1930 election. However, Bennett's Conservative government offered only tariff reform, which worsened the crisis by damaging exports.
-In 1935, Bennett appeared to change direction and offered a 'New Deal,' however this did not prevent his electoral defeat and the measures were also declared unconstitutional in 1936.
-Some new radical groups emerged at a provincial level, and this meant that more radical measures were introduced to tackle the crisis. ]]> 2018-04-04 13:50:06 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491246 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491631 -Leading Latin American countries depended heavily on exporting a small number of crash crops, such as coffee or cattle. To reduce their dependence on these staple crops, there were various attempts to diversify. However, economic reforms were limited until the far-reaching changes introduced during the 1930s in response to the Depression.
-The growth in agricultural production during the First World War (1914-18) and fluctuating exchange rates created the long-term problem of overproduction. The dollar was strong in relation to other currencies, making imports cheaper in the US and increasing demand for them. However, Latin American procedures subsequently saw their profits decline and became dependent on US markets. This contributed to the problems affecting Latin American countries when the USA economy crashed in 1929.
-The Depression brought into question the existing political, social and economic policies of Brazil and the army installed a reforming leader, Gertulio Vargas, in 1930. Vargas launched ambitious policies of industrialization and social reforms, which were based loosely on the theories of the corporate state in fascist Italy. 
-Brazilian policies in the 1930s aimed to end dependence on the main export crop of coffee. These policies were part of general movements in Latin America countries to restrict 'colonial style' economies, whereby expensive goods from developed industrial countries, particularly the USA, were purchased through the sale of cheap raw materials and foodstuffs. Later attempts to increase Brazil's industrial output and implement import substitution industrialization were partly a response to the impact of the Depression and the emergence of different and more radical leaders. 
-In Mexico in 1934, the radical leader Lazaro Cardenas won popular support for his commitment to land reform. This reflected the impact of the Depression and the extent of rural distress, and echoed policies from an earlier revolutionary period in Mexico. Cardenas reforms attempted more for the peasants than Brazilian policies, yet their momentum was difficult to maintain and so the results were mixed. ]]> 2018-04-04 13:50:50 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491631 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491848 -African Americas, other minority groups and women were discriminated against before the GD, and any gains made during the First World War were soon lost. 
-The status of African Americans was worst in the southern states, where there was lynching (mob execution) and racial segregation (separation of AA and whites).
-Minority groups and women were usually the first to lose their jobs when the Depression came. Little specific legislation was aimed at these groups during the New Deal, as Roosevelt was unable to obtain political support for such measures. 
-Native Americans saw some improvement in their situation during the 1930s and it can be argued that they received a New Deal. 
-Some individuals within minority groups made progress and provided inspiration for other, but, as a rule, there were few improvements until after the Second World War. ]]> 2018-04-04 13:51:19 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491848 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491998 -The increased role of the state in the US economy meant there were direct government initiatives to promote the arts. These included grants to theaters and the sponsoring of documentary films and photographs. Some of the most distinctive creations of the 1930s came as a result of New Deal patronage. 
-Art during the 1920s and 1930s reflected the Great Depression in different ways:
-Some works were created as a direct response to the suffering and conditions that the Great Depression either caused or intensified. The most famous is probably John Steinbeck's novel The Grapes of Wrath, which was filmed in 1940
-Some artistic works were influenced by the Depression, but their focus was not economic distress. Some of the more creative photography of the Depression falls into this category, as do some of the more adventurous writing and poetry. 
-Escapist entertainment became particular relevant in the Depression era. This might have been produced even in times of prosperity, but it took on a new importance because reality was harsh and the need for escapist fantasy was intense. 
-Some art appeared to have little direct connection to the Depression, but if seen in the context of the time it can be viewed as a product of the Depression years. For instance, the film the Wizard of Oz (1939) is a much-loved fairy tale, yet may also be understood as a sort of parable of Roosevelt's New Deal ]]> 2018-04-04 13:51:33 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248491998 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248492466 Political:
-Federal Reserve System, the nation's central bank. It was established by Congress in 1913, and was authorized to issue the Federal Reserve Notes which create the paper money supply. Basically, they set the interest rates, indirectly, because it loans money to commercial banks. From 1928-29, the FRS raised interest rates to try and stop the Wall Street speculation issue. However, the FRS overdid it, and therefore brought on a decline in the economy. Once this happen, the FRS did nothing to try and improve the situation, and therefore there wasn't enough money in circulation to get the economy going again.
Economic:
-World-wide economic crisis that started with the Wall Street Crash in 1929 and continued on to the 1930s (most important crash)
-Economic policies with Europe also did nothing to help the situation. Once businesses began to fail due to the WSC, the government, in 1930, created the Smoot-Hawley Tariff with the aim of protecting American companies. It charged a high tax for imports, and instead of protecting American businesses, it lead to less trade between the USA and foreign countries, thus creating even more economic problems. 
-Overproduction (industrially and agriculturally) In the 1920s, there was so much produce causing the value to decline
-A cause that combines with overproduction is the uneven distribution of income. Therefore, people could not afford all the items being produced, and purchasing power was simply not high enough to maintain the rate of production. 
-Weaknesses in the banking systems. "Due to the lack of resources, as well as poor management and willingness to make speculative loans, these banks were highly vulnerable to sudden, large-scale withdrawal.]]> 2018-04-04 13:52:28 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/248492466 perez_marlene11 https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/250096817 2018-04-10 02:38:22 UTC https://padlet.com/perez_marlene11/pzmx9jpfhqs3/wish/250096817