Roman Achievements by Emily Deiss

Roman Achievements

3102112_2 — 2018-09-17 15:25:35 UTC

Engineering

3102112_2 — 2018-09-17 15:27:30 UTC

Romans are well known for their amazing engineering. They are known for construction such as aqueducts, bridges, and roads.
https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Engineering/

Roman Aqueducts

3102112_2 — 2018-09-17 15:33:16 UTC

Aqueducts were used to move water from the mountains to places in cities such as latrines,fountains, upper class houses, and public baths. Without the aqueducts, Rome would have many water shortages, and probably would not be able to expand into the one of the most powerful empires on Earth. The first roman aqueduct was built in 312 BCE, ran 63 miles,and called Aqua Appia. Aqueducts were made of pipes and tunnels that brought water from springs using gravity. The aqueducts moved slightly downward, sometimes usein the surrounding areas, like valleys or hills to do so.
Information found at https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Engineering/

Roman Bridges

3102112_2 — 2018-09-17 22:38:06 UTC

Romans started building bridges in the 2nd century BCE, one of them was called Pons Aemilius which was 443 feet long. These bridges were made out of stone and were held together by iron clamps. Later the bridges had concrete cores and stone facing. Romans also used concrete to make piers and cofferdams, which is another type of pier. Bridges also used arch stones, which distributed the weight of the bridge, or held it up.
https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Engineering/

Roads

3102112_2 — 2018-09-17 22:59:10 UTC

Rome had roads that went from England to Egypt, and were 102,000 miles total. These roads connected cities to help with trade and army deployment. The Via Appia road connected Cupua to Rome, and was built in 312 BCE. Before the Romans were able to buiild the roads, they had to excavate and level the land, and sometimes even drain it. Afterwards,builders would needed to set curb stones, cover those with gravel, and then paved it with polygonal rock slabs. The gravel helped prevent problems such as freezing and flooding. Five foot tall milestones were placed at one mile intervals. Without roads, it would have made trade much harder and prevented Rome from being able to efficiently communicate with it's cities.
https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Engineering/
https://sites.google.com/a/brvgs.k12.va.us/wh13-ogm-rome/invention-page-sample/roman-road

3102112_2 — 2018-09-18 22:18:10 UTC

Roman Architecture
Rome's architecture really made them stand out. They focused on making their buildings grand and beautiful
http://www.empirerome.com/wordpress/?page_id=273

Columns

3102112_2 — 2018-09-19 14:52:05 UTC

Originally copied from the Greeks, Romans used columns purely for decoration. This was unlike the Greeks, who used them to support their buildings. The Romans constructed several types of columns for different buildings. These styles were called Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Tuscan. Doric columns where plain and stout. The rather plain and unappealing features of these columns were probably why they were not used very much in roman building. Doric columns came from the Dorians in Greece, hence the name. One of the most well known structures that these columns were used in was the Colosseum in Rome. Ionic columns were made in Ionia around the 5th century. These columns had scrolls and a decorative entasis, and were also used in the Roman Colosseum. Corinthian columns were the most popular types of columns in Roman architecture. These intricate columns were decorated in different types of plants, and were used in the Roman Pantheon. Tuscan columns were not decorative, and mostly placed in military buildings.
Information found at: http://www.empirerome.com/wordpress/?page_id=273

Vaults

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 00:49:56 UTC

One very useful architectural technique was the vault. The Romans used barrel vaults, which are also known as tunnel or barrel vaults, groin vaults, and segmental vaults. Tunnel vaults were semicircular, and segmental vaults were the same, although slightly wider. The problem with tunnel vaults was that the weight required thick walls. and to make the vaults wider, they had to be made much higher. This problem was solved when the Romans created the groin vault, which was basically two tunnel vaults intersecting. The groin vault allowed a larger vault to be made, and use only a few posts for support.
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/architecture/roman.htm#techniques
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/bd/54/63/bd5463178443c6515fa0961afe9bc3d6.jpg

Domes

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 01:45:28 UTC

Domes were commonly used by Roman architects. Domes were hemispherical and served as roofs for buildings such as basilicas, public baths, and the Pantheon. Domes required thrusts all around the sides, as well as hefty walls for support. The dome was much stronger than previous ceilings, and pendentives helped create the dome shape. There were piers that raised domes up to allow lighting into the structure.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/dome-architecture
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/architecture/roman.htm#techniques
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-QCXGXmDjfgU/VRBkn9iHZqI/AAAAAAAAEug/LlSoBxJpnaI/w400-h290-no/hodges_pantheon1.jpg

Government

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 14:52:07 UTC

The Roman government was a major influence on the US government because of its more modern views.
http://www.livius.org/articles/concept/consul/

Consuls

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 14:55:30 UTC

In Rome there were two consuls that were elected by the Comitia Centuriata. Before the consuls, there was a monarchy, but when the son of Tarquinius raped a woman, Rome agreed never to have such a concentration of power. The consuls served terms of one year to prevent this. The consuls controlled both the government and the military. When making a decision, both men had to agree with each-other. During war, a dictator was chosen to have complete control of everything.
http://www.livius.org/articles/concept/consul/
https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/mens-roman-sandals?sort=mostpopular&mediatype=photography&phrase=mens%20roman%20sandals

Senate and Assembly

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 15:20:05 UTC

The senate was a group of 300 former male magistrates and patricians. Every five years new members were added, and the membership was for life. The senate passed laws and advised the consuls. In Rome there were different assemblies that served different purposes, and were made up only of free males. When they held meetings, they were organized by clans and put into groups of 100. These assemblies helped pass laws and resolve legal cases.
https://www.timemaps.com/civilizations/roman-republic/
https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Senate/
https://thesmccbeacon.wordpress.com/2015/04/14/roman-senate-vs-the-u-s-congress/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=3&v=46ZXl-V4qwY

The Twelve Tables and Judicial

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 22:21:18 UTC

The Twelve Tables are regarded as the basis of all modern laws. The Twelve Laws were the basic laws that helped govern the empire. These also helped protect the plebeians from the upper class unjustly enforcing the paying of debts. A few of the laws were, If you injured someone, you shall be injured in the same way, judges who accepted bribes were put to death, and people from different social classes could not marry. In Rome, citizens had the right to defend themselves in court, and were innocent until proven guilty.
http://www.duhaime.org/LawMuseum/LawArticle-303/450-BC-The-Twelve-Tables.aspx
https://clip2art.com/explore/Rome%20clipart%20republic/

Art

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 23:07:11 UTC

Art in Rome was very beautiful and intricate. The artwork took a massive amount of skill and precision, but a wonderful result.https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Art/https://

Statues

3102112_2 — 2018-09-20 23:14:01 UTC

Roman statues were very intricate, and used to decorate places such as Temples, gardens, and villas. To make statues, sometimes sculptors made plaster casts from the original statue. The plaster cast was then used to make a bronze duplicate. Statue faces often closely represented the face of the person depicted, showing all signs of age, but the bodies were shown as fit and muscular. Sometimes the body was replaced with that of a Roman god.
https://theancienthome.com/blogs/blog-and-news/roman-statues
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rogr/hd_rogr.htm
http://www.statue.com/site/roman-statues.html

https://id14withmamquevedo.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/a4.png
http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=649http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=649

Mosaics

3102112_2 — 2018-09-21 00:23:23 UTC

Mosaics, or opus tessellatum, were complex patterns or scenes that were made out of tiny pieces of materials such as glass, marble, tile, shells, and stone. These works of art were often displayed at homes and public buildings, showing scenes of gladiator fights, food, plants, and Romans. Mosaics became so popular that eventually production schools were created to teach others how to make mosaics.

https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Art/
http://etc.ancient.eu/photos/7-roman-mosaics/

Wall Art

3102112_2 — 2018-09-21 04:01:09 UTC

Wall art was very common in Rome, and included frescoes, and stucco to create relief effects. Wall art was used on homes, public buildings, military buildings, tombs,and temples. This art commonly took up most of the walls and ceiling. Artists tended to stick to darker, more earthy colors, such as browns, yellows, and reds, even though there was many more colors available to them. Wall paintings portrayed things like gardens, landscapes, townscapes, and senes from mythology.
https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Art/
http://newsletters.kelsey.lsa.umich.edu/spring2000/pompeii.html

scbond — 2018-09-25 19:48:01 UTC