• It requires the transactions good or services

• Transferring the money or wealth to someone else

• Receiving money through saving/capital or make you richer than before

Write down your economic activities and put down in these column, whether it help the economics or harm the economics (15 mins)

• (both?) watching movies at cinemas

• (help) service ac > sewa tukang

• (both?) top up game

• (help) pesen gocar ke gereja

After you have discussed about Micro and Macro Economics, we will discussed about how the microeconomics works started with the basic problems of economics: Scarcity.

Inquiry Learning

Let's make a simple market research to discuss about the scarcity. Please work in the group to find 10 other students.

Please identify and count Sekolah Cikal Serpong students about:

• Needs: what kind product or services that they needs for them to survive?

• Wants: what they're wishes or wants about product or services that they really want?

• If they have more than one products and services, please give them the scores based on their top priorities.

  Examples:

  - Laptop, lunch, nail arts, etc.

  - Lunch (3 points); laptop (2 points);

  nail arts (1 point)

  
  

Activities:

1. Please identify and count the accumulated points on how many people that needs the same product or services?

2. Find how much the cost for that product or services in e-commerce platforms (Tokopedia, Shopee,etc) for the top 3 products for Needs and Wants!

3. Then, analyze and share your findings in the padlet!

DEMAND

• First: define the food or drinks that you want to have in your canteen based on Cikal Policy. Each group will be assigned with different products (can not be the same) 

• Please ask around 10 students that not part of your member teams to fill the table

• Then, transform your Demand Tables into Demand Curve!

• Deadline:

  • 15 August 2024 - Script

  • 26 August 2024 - Video/Production

  • 2 September 2024 - Final video/Post-production

(a) When someone sets up their own business for the first time they often decide to operate as a sole trader.

(i) State and explain two features of a sole trader business.[4 points]

(ii) Give three reasons why people may set up their own business [3 points]

(b) The management of a business might set growth as one of the objectives of the

business. Explain why this objective might be set [3 points]

(c) In some countries a number of state owned businesses have been sold to the private sector (privatisation). State and explain two possible disadvantages to consumers of this. (4 points)

I:

• A business owned and managed by one person.

• They make all the decisions and is the one responsible for everything that happens to the business.

II:

• Only a few legal requirements to set up the business.

• The owner is their own boss, so they have complete control over their business.

• They're able to keep all the profit.

(b).

• Helps a company better position and market itself against its competitors.

(c).

• Private businesses focus on profits, so they raise the prices for services.

• Many customers might have less access to transportation and healthcare services if private companies decide to discontinue services in unprofitable or remote areas.

1B) People often set up their businesses simply because they are the owner, in control of the business, giving them the freedom to choose their holidays, and work schedule & all of the revenue goes to them. A business owner may also have the right to keep their information confidential to the public eye.  

2) Growth is one of the objectives in business management simply because it will give the owners more access to assets & be able to fund investments. Growth may also affect the performance & reputation of your business.

3) The disadvantages of privatization in business are the lack of safety in the company over the profit & the chances of representation of the company may likely happen.

1. State and explain two features of a sole trader business

2. Give three reasons why people may set up their own business

ANSWERS for a):

1. Solo trader business is the most common form of business organization. Why? Because it’s easy to handle and doesn’t require employees, meaning that it is a self employed business. Other than that, it doesn’t require much legal requirements to set up the business, so that’s why many chose this type of business to start.

2. They need an extra income, they want to learn new skills, and mostly because they want to be their own boss. Where they organized the business only by themselves

b) The management of a business might set growth as one of the objectives of the business. Explain why this objective might be set.

ANSWER:

It helps to acquire assets, attract new talent and fund investments.

c) In some countries a number of state owned businesses have been sold to the private sector. State and explain two possible disadvantages to consumers of this

ANSWER:

Higher chance of corruption

It gives rise to monopoly

aii. because it only has few legal requirements to set up the

business, the owner is their own boss, and the owner has close contact with their customers

b. So that the profit is maximized and to ensure long term stability

c. Higher price and worse quality

(i) State and explain two features of a sole trader business.[4 points]

Being a sole trader business has its ups and downs with one of em being that you can be able to be your own boss and have your own schedule that fits you well while also making your own decisions and not only that but you can also get 100% of the profits from the business because its your the owner of the business

(ii) Give three reasons why people may set up their own business [3 points]

A reason why people would set up their own business is because they usually want to try to create a ton load of money because when you set up your own business you get all the profits to themselves.

They usually also like to work on their own schedule and would not like to work for someone else making them their own business.

Having your own business also means that theres going to be a lot of flexibility on everything on the business ranging from schedule to how the business works

(b) The management of a business might set growth as one of the objectives of the business. Explain why this objective might be set [3 points]

They want growth as one of their main objectives is because they want the company to grow well not because not only they want their business to grow but also because the more growth a company can earns the more earnings they can get meaning that they can start hiring people or even hire a specialist

(c) In some countries a number of state owned businesses have been sold to the private sector (privatisation). State and explain two possible disadvantages to consumers of this. (4 points)

A reason why privatisation is bad for the consumer is because i could cut costs with the consumer through job losses and recruiting

Privatisation can also reduce quality meaning that there will be less expenditure on services and increasing prices

Please read the whole presentation and answer these questions individually:

(a) When someone sets up their own business for the first time they often decide to operate as a sole trader.

(i) State and explain two features of a sole trader business.[4 points]

• Jika terjadi bangkrut atau gagal dalam bisnis maka pemilik nya yang mempunyai tanggung jawab penuh

• 
  

(ii) Give three reasons why people may set up their own business [3 points]

• Karena margin dan untung akan masuk ke dia sendiri

• dia dapat membuat keputusan.

  sendiri tanpa persetujuan orang lain.

(b) The management of a business might set growth as one of the objectives of the

business. Explain why this objective might be set [3 points]

• karena bisnis yang mereka jalani ingin selalu berkembang supaya mendapatkan value yang lebih.

(c) In some countries a number of state owned businesses have been sold to the private sector (privatisation). State and explain two possible disadvantages to consumers of this. (4 points)

• kerugian privasisasi adalah negara yang menjual BUMN kepada pihak asing.

(i).

the person who owns the business makes the decisions because he/she is the one that manage the business

the owner is self employed making them working for themself and not for an employer even though they can employ people

(ii).

because the owner has full responsibility over the business

the owner is in charge of his/her holidays

having close contacts with customers makes it easier to respond to their needs

b. depending on their management, if the managament is good then the busineee can really set growth

c.

limited acces to the public market making it more complicated for

when a business is privatized, the owner will charge more than the government

The extent of inequality is shown by area A. As inequality rises, this area increases, moving towards the bottom right of the diagram. When area A shrinks, the distribution of income among the population becomes more equal.

The Gini coefficient is a numerical measure of the extent of inequality. It is calculated as (area A) ÷ (area A + area B). If the income distribution is equal, this coefficient will have a value of 0. At the other extreme, if all income accrues to just one person, then the Gini coefficient is 1. Both extremes do not occur in reality – the norm is for coefficients to be somewhere between these two values.

A Gini coefficient of 0.3 therefore indicates a more equal distribution of income than say a coefficient of 0.5. Th e smaller coefficient would be indicated by a slimmer segment on the Lorenz curve.

Futher readings:

https://ourworldindata.org/what-is-the-gini-coefficient

Renata-Dipa-Revan = Garuda Indonesia

Ifti-Rhania = PT.Jasa Marga

Athala-Kala-Rajendra = Bank Rakyat Indonesia

Yara-Sabrina = Kimia Farma

Keisha H.= Perkebunan Nusantara

Keisha A.= Telkom

Yohanes = PLN

Aga = PT.PP (Pembangunan Perumahan)

Please read this presentation and follow the activities. Good luck

https://www.canva.com/design/DAGcsFBgxeE/9AQ_yDEYw9B7QUzJPo32Rg/edit?utm_content=DAGcsFBgxeE&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link2&utm_source=sharebutton

https://www.bps.go.id/en/publication/2014/03/11/ecf2a42512d8f1a12aa368b5/profile-and-trend-of-labor-income-in-indonesia-20112012.html

Middle Class - Cyclical Unemployment: Kala, Rhania, Aga, Johanes

Working Class - Structural Unemployment: Yarra, Keisha A., Revan, Rajendra

Lower Class - Seasonal Unemployment: Panji, Athala, Dipa, Sabrina, Renata

Please discuss the definition, causes and how to solve the various types of unemployment: frictional, structural, seasonal and cyclical unemployment in this working file:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1NM-s0c8eVuYE28hoqs7QTSj8hDDg9UUL3mtwDneFZFY/edit?usp=sharing

As discussed in the previous meeting, you need to make the Collaborative Article about Types of Unemployment and how to solve it using Ishikawa's Fishbone Diagram (each group consist of 2-3 pages; min.5 references; APA Style citation).

https://youtu.be/mLvizyDFLQ4?si=53qBz-WZS95H7CSL

A. Frictional Unemployment (Upper Class Group)

B. Cyclical Unemployment (Middle Class Group)

C. Structural Unemployment (Working Class)

D. Seasonal Unemployment (Lower Class)

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1RSgeBiJyOCNuCrvi-4frWkbuntf7paFKj4b9oSLu-u0/edit?usp=sharing

We have discussed about the unemployment and how to solve it, now we discuss about the wage system and how make the wage system fair for everyone. Please watch these videos:

The minimum wage:

https://youtu.be/8H4yp8Fbi-Y?si=P-gUZE3bS3jOLNnx

Sistem Upah:

https://youtu.be/2C7Zrf5TaZA?si=mHQC45qcxhUUXc5N

Here are the format for the Proposal:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bSaoCpxgbNVkICXFKfikqz_bEqm8a4hfgw_gUTot618/edit?usp=sharing

This are the summary for your summative, please finish this paper before Thursday, 20 March 2025. Thank you