WEEK 2 TUTORIAL by NURUL NABILAH BINTI MUHAYUDDIN

1. 4 theorethical perspectives of language development (Min group)

2023-12-01 07:23:42 UTC

Behaviorism
- change with environment & people (nurture) - reinforcement, punishment= classical conditioning - ex: after accident, he would get anxious when hear car brakes sounds
- Operational Conditioning - action based on conditions - ex: if gf give kiss when bf give flower, gonna bring flower next time
Nativism
- have innate ability to learn & speak language (nature)
Monitor Theory
- encourage critical thinking & new learning - importance of comprehension
- learn language in a predictable sequence
Social Construction
- emphasize social & cultural
- Vygotsky: ZPD - do things out of their usual when in social zone - learn by play
- Scaffolding: with teacher's support, child develops new skills - strong supportive environment, child can build strong competencies - become autonomous & self-control
- Piaget: child naturally curious - make sense of understanding the world - assimilation: new experiences enter a child existing idea.
- Accommodation: child idea change base on experience.

2. Brain Role in Language development (Min Group)

2023-12-01 07:25:37 UTC

Left Frontal Lobe - speech production & articulation

Left Temporal Lobe - language development & comprehension

Neural Connections - exposure & practise help language learning

Plasticity - adapt with critical periods of language learning

Genetics - highlighting biology & environment in shaping language development

Hungry group

2023-12-01 07:57:57 UTC

1a) Behaviorism

-focuses on observable behaviors and emphasizes the role of the environment in shaping and controlling those behaviors.

-infants learn oral languages from other human role models through a process involving imitation, rewards and practice

b) Nativism

-the ability to acquired language are present from birth and not only acquired through experience and learning.

-Noam Chomsky states that humans are born with an inherent capacity of language.

c) Monitor theory

- emphasizes the innate subconscious process involved when acquiring a

new language

-focuses on the importance of comprehensible input, or language content that can be understood by the learner

d) Social Constructivism

-individuals can construct their understanding through communicate with others

2)Broca's area tasked with directing the processes that lead to speech utterance,and Wernicke's area,whose main role is lead to speech

Lyvia group 🧚🏻‍♀️

2023-12-01 08:33:31 UTC

-behaviourism

(focuses on observable behaviour where infants learn oral languages through imitation, rewards and practice)

- nativism

( represents a perspective that acknowledges the influence of innate factors in shaping human development, cognition, and behavior)

- monitor theory

( focuses on the importance of comprehensible input, or language content that can be understood by the learner while remaining one step above the learner’s language ability, in order to encourage critical thinking and new learning)

- social constructivism

(the view that learning occurs through social interaction and the help of others, often in a group. Social constructivism posits that the understanding an individual develops is shaped through social interaction)

-Wernicke’s area is involved for speech and writing and Broca’s area is responsible for forming speech.

-Social and Emotional Brain Networks ,language development is intertwined with social interactions

-Different areas of the left hemisphere all play a role in the acquisition of language. The auditory cortex processes the information the individual hears

four theoretical perspectives of language development （ willin group)

lauhhwj23_ — 2023-12-01 08:39:03 UTC

Behaviorism
-Focuses on observable behaviors and environmental stimuli.
-B.F. Skinner's theory suggests that language is acquired through reinforcement and imitation.
Nativist
- The nativist point is that humans are biologically predisposed to acquire language. Noam Chomsky's theory of universal grammar said that language has an innate biological basis. About this view , children are born with an ability to learn the grammatical structures of any language . The critical period of the brain also suggests that there is a period of time in which language have the most effective.
Social Constructivism
- Theoretical framework that emphasizes the social and cultural aspects of learning and knowledge construction. Vygotsky suggests that individuals actively construct their understanding of the world through social interactions and collaboration with others. This perspective contrasts with the traditional views that focus on individual cognitive processes and direct instruction.
Monitor Theory
- the learner is consciously learning the grammar rules and functions of a language rather than its meaning. This theory focuses more on the correctness of the language.
- To use the Monitor Hypothesis properly, three standards must be met: The acquirer must know the rules of the language.

E group

2023-12-01 15:30:04 UTC

Behaviorism
focuses on the idea that all behaviour learned through interaction with environment.
Nativism
theorist argue that children are born with an innate ability to organize laws of language, which enables children have language specific abilities that assist them as they work towards mastering a language.
Monitor theory
spelling rules, pronunciation rules and grammar rules. Example that what to write when you sign a letter or when to say 'please'.
Sosial construstivism
collaborative, cooperative learning.

DESCRIBE (example)

The first theory is based on the concept of stimuls -Constructivism response behaviour ana the theories of natwism andSocial interactionism.consivuclivism are based on the way cognition supports language development.

Explain the Brian's role in language development?
The main parts of the brain involved in language processes are the Broca's area, located in the left frontal lobe, which is responsible for speech producion and arliculation, and the Wernicke 's area, in the left temporal lobe, associated with language development and comprehension.

Brain role in Language Development (willin group ）

lauhhwj23_ — 2023-12-06 02:46:23 UTC

1. Cognitive Developme

The brain's role in language development is to store linguistic information and also adapt to the grammatical regularities, but cognitive in language development can help us organize what we know and generalize that knowledge into other areas. The brain also helps children to strengthen their memory, problem solving and creative thinking skills.

The brain's role in language development is intricate. Early on, infants' brains are wired to recognize speech sounds and patterns. As a child grows, specific brain areas, like Broca's and Wernicke's areas, become more involved in language processing. Neural connections strengthen through exposure to language, enabling the acquisition of vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills. This ongoing neural plasticity underscores the brain's adaptability in shaping language abilities throughout one's life.1.Behaviorist Perspective: -Focuses on observable behaviors and environmental stimuli. -B.F. Skinner's theory suggests that language is acquired through reinforcement and imitation.