Disability Outlines by Jaci Sorley https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy This template is a compilation of the different IDEA eligibility categories. Included, are the disabilities and key information about each category. en-us 2025-06-14 18:48:56 UTC 2025-06-19 20:31:32 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/8.0/png/1f4a1.png Causes of TBI sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490355231 A TBI can range from mild to severe depending on each case. A TBI takes place after birth and therefore, it is not congenital.

]]> 2025-06-14 21:46:22 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490355231 IDEA Definition sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490355329 As stated in IDEA, "Traumatic brain injury means an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. Traumatic brain injury applies to open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech. Traumatic brain injury does not apply to brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative, or to brain injuries induced by birth trauma."

]]> 2025-06-14 21:46:54 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490355329 Prevalence sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359018 Approximately 2.5 million people sustain a TBI in the United States annually.


https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/pdf/tbi_report_to_congress_epi_and_rehab-a.pdf

]]> 2025-06-14 22:07:41 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359018 Prevention sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359083 Prevention strategies include:

  • Wear a seatbelt and make sure airbags function properly in a vehicle.

  • Wear a helmet when riding a bike, motorcycle, or ATV.

  • Don't drink and drive under the influence of alcohol.

  • Pay close attention to surroundings.

  • Prevent falls by using handrails, keep clutter out of walking pathways, using non-slip mats in the bathroom, and get regular vision checkups.

]]> 2025-06-14 22:08:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359083 Characteristics sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359093 Individuals with a TBI may experience the following characteristics:

  • Communication challenges

  • Visual and auditory challenges

  • Memory loss

  • Intellectual problems

  • Seizures

  • Headaches

  • Behavioral and emotional challenges


https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20378557

]]> 2025-06-14 22:08:10 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359093 Teaching Strategies/Accommodations sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359136 Accommodations that may prove beneficial to students with a TBI:

  • Extra time on assignments

  • Visual Aids

  • Communication Aids

  • Reduced workload

  • Preferential seating

  • Modified curriculum

  • 1 to 2 step directions

  • Reminders to stay on task

  • Shortened assignments

  • Checklist

  • Math Manipulatives

]]> 2025-06-14 22:08:29 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359136 Assistive Technology sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359174 Assistive Technology for students with a TBI:

  • Communication devices (AAC devices)

  • FM systems for auditory impairments

  • Mobility aids (wheelchairs, walkers, etc.)

  • Audiobooks (Text to speech software)

  • Word processing software

  • Word predictor

]]> 2025-06-14 22:08:47 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3490359174 IDEA Definition sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492179407 As stated in IDEA, "Intellectual disability means significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term “intellectual disability” was formerly termed “mental retardation.”

]]> 2025-06-16 21:01:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492179407 Causes of Intellectual Disability sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492184217 Many causes of ID remain unnamed. However, we do know that the onset of an Intellectual Disability can happen during prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal care. Genetics, infections, and medical conditions can cause Intellectual Disabilities.


The following are genetic causes of ID:

  • Down Syndrome

  • PKU

  • Fragile X Syndrome

]]> 2025-06-16 21:11:29 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492184217 Prevalence sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492425933

  • Intellectual disabilities range from 1%-3% of the population.


    • Boys were almost 5 times as likely to have an Intellectual Disability than girls.


    https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db473.pdf

    ]]>     2025-06-17 01:36:58 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492425933     Prevention sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492430052 Ways to prevent Intellectual Disability include:

    • Education about the disability

    • Proper prenatal care

    • Vaccines

    • PKU screening

    • Provide a nurturing home and school environment

    ]]>     2025-06-17 01:39:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492430052     Characteristics sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492458221 Characteristics of an Intellectual Disability include:


    • Problems with adaptive, cognitive, and independence.

    • Communication challenges

    • Attention deficits

    • Problems with short and long term memory

    • Lack of motivation

    • Struggles with reading

    • Slowed learning/processing

    • Deficits in the area of social skills

    ]]>     2025-06-17 01:50:40 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492458221     Accommodations sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492468112 Accommodations that may prove beneficial to students with an Intellectual Disability:

    • Provide visual aids

    • Modified curriculum

    • Teach in small group setting

    • Manipulatives/hands on learning

    • Teach one concept at a time

    • Use Real Life Examples

    • Scaffolded instruction

    • Repetition

    • Preferential Seating

    ]]>     2025-06-17 01:55:59 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492468112     Assistive Technology sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492477741 Assistive Technology for students with an Intellectual Disability:


    • Word processor (speech to text, text to speech)

    • iPad

    • Noise cancelling headphones

    • Word prediction app

    • Visual schedules

    • Audiobooks

    • Organizational apps


    ]]>     2025-06-17 02:01:11 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3492477741     IDEA Definition sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493578568 As stated in IDEA, "Visual impairment including blindness means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness."

    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:01:14 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493578568     IDEA Definition sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493580434 As stated in IDEA, "Orthopedic impairment means a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures)."

    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:05:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493580434     Causes of Orthopedic Impairment sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493583525 Orthopedic Impairments can be causes by a variety of things, but listed are the most common causes:


    • Disease

    • Cerebral Palsy

    • Congenital conditions

    • Amputations

    • Trauma induced scenarios


    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:11:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493583525     Prevalence sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586071 Conditions can co-exist, so it is often hard to determine the exact prevalence of Orthopedic Impairments. Some Orthopedic Impairments do not require special education services.

    • According to Project IDEAL, approximately 1.1% of the special education population has an orthopedic impairment.


    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:17:07 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586071     Prevention sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586474 Ways to prevent Orthopedic Impairments include:


    • Live a healthy lifestyle

    • Practice proper injury prevention

    • Annual check ups

    • If an Orthopedic Impairment occurs at birth or during gestation, it is best that the individual receive an early diagnosis and begin treatment.


    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:18:07 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586474     Accommodations sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586546 Accommodations that may prove beneficial to students with an Orthopedic Impairment include:


    • Note Taking assistance

    • Preferential seating

    • Extra time

    • Adjustable desk/tables

    • Frequent breaks

    Teachers should also make sure the classroom is free of clutter and there are defined pathways for the students.

    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:18:20 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493586546     Assistive Technology sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493590746 Assistive Technology for students with Orthopedic Impairments could include:


    • Wheelchairs/Walkers

    • Voice Recognition software

    • Special keyboards or a special mouse for the computer

    • Switch access

    • Screen readers

    • Grabbers

    • Gripping tools


    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:27:51 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493590746     IDEA Definition sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493591629

  • According to IDEA a hearing impairment is defined as, "Hearing impairment means an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance but that is not included under the definition of deafness in this section."


    • According to IDEA deafness is described as,"Deafness means a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance."

    ]]>     2025-06-17 20:30:07 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3493591629     Causes of Low Vision and Blindness sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496212618 Causes of Low Vision and Blindness include:


    • Eye Injury

    • Eye Diseases

    • Genetic Conditions

    (I also have taught a student who developed low vision after a TBI)


    ]]>     2025-06-19 18:54:00 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496212618     Prevalence sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496213772

  • According to the CDC, "Approximately 6.8% of children under 18 in the US have a diagnosed eye or vision condition."

  • "Nearly 3% of children under 18 years have blindness or vision impairment," according to the CDC.

    • https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health/data-research/vision-loss-facts/index.html



    ]]>     2025-06-19 18:57:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496213772     Prevention sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496214427

  • Be aware of family history

  • Were protective eye glasses or goggles

  • Maintain a healthy diet

  • Protect eyes from the sun

  • Maintain and control health conditions


    • ]]>     2025-06-19 18:59:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496214427     Characteristics sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496216115

  • Blurred vision

  • Reduced Visual acuity

  • Light Sensitivity

  • Color preferences

  • Bumping into things

  • Reliance on assistive technology

  • Squinting

  • Able to read or see objects that are only presented up close


    • ]]>     2025-06-19 19:04:29 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496216115     Accommodations sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496217138

  • Braille

  • Tactile graphics

  • Manipulatives (real life examples)

  • Large Print

  • Assistive Technology

  • Magnification

  • Preferential Seating

  • Sensory exploration

    • ]]>     2025-06-19 19:07:23 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496217138     Assistive Technology sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496218008

  • Canes/Mobility Devices

  • iPad

  • Adaptive Devices for daily living

  • Screen readers

  • Magnifiers

  • Speech to Text technology

    • ]]>     2025-06-19 19:10:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496218008     Causes of Hearing Impairments sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496218317 Causes of Hearing Impairments include:


    • Prelingual (congenital)

    • Postlingual (acquires after the age of 2)

    • Damage to the inner or outer ear

    • Genetics

    • Aging

    • Noise exposure

    • Infections


    ]]>     2025-06-19 19:11:21 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496218317     Prevalence sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496223437

  • Approximately 1% of students served under IDEA have a hearing impairment.


    • https://www.cogswellmacyact.org/deaf-and-hard-of-hearing/

    ]]>     2025-06-19 19:26:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496223437     Prevention sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496224098

  • Wear hearing protection

  • Be cautious of loud noises

  • Be cautious of harmful substances

  • Understand family history of hearing impairments

    • (As I previously mentioned, I had a student who suffered a TBI, thus resulting in a hearing impairment.)

    ]]>     2025-06-19 19:28:51 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496224098     Accommodations sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496225089

  • Visual Aids

  • Preferential Seating

  • Repeat information

  • FM systems

  • Adapt physical environment

  • Interpreters

  • Assess/evaluate differently

  • Check for understanding

  • Have students repeat directions

    • ]]>     2025-06-19 19:31:53 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496225089     Characteristics sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496225241 Characteristics of hearing impairments vary based on the individual. Some hearing impairments are more severe than others, so the characteristics may be slightly different.


    • Difficulty understanding speech

    • Increased volume on devices

    • Ringing or buzzing in the ears

    • Distorted sounds

    • Use of ASL (depending on severity)


    ]]>     2025-06-19 19:32:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496225241     Assistive Technology sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496226781

  • FM systems

  • Hearing Aids

  • Captioning

  • Infrared systems

  • Visual aids

    • ]]>     2025-06-19 19:35:56 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496226781     Characteristics sorleyj https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496227954

  • Limited Mobility

  • Motor Difficulties

  • Challenges with performing daily tasks


    • Orthopedic Impairments is a vast category and the disability impacts everyone differently.

    ]]>     2025-06-19 19:38:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sorleyj/pormrcktem83jjiy/wish/3496227954