In 2004, The scientists found 22,000-year-old barley grains caught in a grinding stone in Israel. Later, during an archaeological operation in Natufians in Jordan, scientists discovered the object in this picture at the site of a hunter-gatherer tribe, which is considered as the most primitive breadcrumb by scientists. This is defined as 14,000 years ago which was at Epipaleolithic time — a period between the Paleolithic and Neolithic eras.

Poor people in medieval time was always been hungry. The grains that are cheap or the kind that rich people do not eat usually been eaten after milling and mix together to make multigrain bread. When there was no food to eat, people also chose to add some beans, such as peas, and even ferns, acorns to appease their hunger.

I think Naan is the thing that using the same way of cooking bread and the materials are also similar to the bread. The appearance of the most classic naan is just like the flatbread the people in the middle ages made. (because they haven't know how to use yeast.

I am thinking of a scenic site in Turkey. I remember one of the documentaries I watched was talk about that. It was combine the natural and the artificial things that ancient people made. And there is a hotel that keeps the natural caves and the surface of the natural caves. I think it combined the natural and manmade. 

Basically, I will make a bread that following the recipe I found and looking for similar ingredients to make it. And taking photos to record the process of making that. I am thinking to make the torte bread following the video I found from YouTube(tasting history.

I searched the ancient oven in China, there was a thing similar to the oven called 窑 which are like the kiln. 窑was used for firing pottery and porcelain in ancient China. But some people also found the way of using that to cook, for example in Xinjiang, there is a kind of roast whole lamb cooked in 窑. 

Some other materials also said that the oven was invented by the ancient Egyptian. Because of the location of Egypt, they are very dry and they don't have much water to cook food, or to steam food like the traditional Chinese cooking method. Early breads are also found in that area. They probably invented the oven at the same time they invented bread. They began by digging holes in the ground to put food and charcoal. Later, clay was used to build the oven, which is probably the oldest oven.

All of these things seem to say that there was trade between China and ancient Egypt at that time. However, the first Silk Road was opened by Emperor Wudi of han Dynasty, and this tomb predates the time of Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty. Finally, the experts found the depiction of a dragon boat rowed by a group of feather people on a large wine barrel. Feather people tribes recorded in 《Classic of Mountains and Seas》 are also good at boating. It is possible that ancient people arrived in Egypt by ship, and trade between the two sides began. That's why so many things that don't belong to Chinese culture were unearthed in this tomb, and ancient Egypt also had silk from Sichuan, China and so on.

Everything seems to be connected. Artifacts unearthed in ancient tombs testify to trade between ancient China and Egypt, and the feather people, who were good at boating, may have lived along the watery Silk Road. The feather people acquired the method of making the elixir of immortality while trading with the State of Nanyue, hence the undead people.

Basically, I am thinking  those can prove that there was a trade between ancient China and Egypt. In this process they might learn how to do kilns.

I don’t know if the translation can be the same meaning of what it means in Chinese.

In China, it was more used to make pottery and porcelain at the very beginning. In about 3000 BC, there were already cave kilns for producing pottery in China. In the Shang Dynasty (from the early 17th century BC to the 11th century BC), semi-ceramic and semi-porcelain kilns with higher firing temperatures appeared. During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC),  the kind of kiln for making food began to appear. After people mastered how to make and use kilns, they also began to use them for multiple foods. Northwest China is quite dry(which is similar to the situation of Egypt). People have no water to cook by boiling foods, so they start to use kilns to bake the food.

Cocker——Cheap white bread. The flour for the Manchet is sifted many times, and the less refined ones are used to make the cheaper cocker. It was occasionally eaten by ordinary families, but the poor and farmers could not afford it.

Pretzels—— In the Middle Ages power rested mainly with the Pope of the Church. The shape of the bread is mainly modeled after the appearance of church children when they are absorbed in prayer. Cross your hands across your chest and rest your palms on your shoulders.

Gingerbread——It is almost candy like than bread like.  People eat for celebrating holidays both in ancient and nowadays. But for people in Middle Ages only rich people can afford the expensive honey and sugar. 

Cheat—— whole wheat bread without the bran. Cheat Bread made from the second quality of flour, inferior to Manchet. (OED). If you ordered finest manchet, but were given inferior bread, you had been cheated - it seems to be the case that the verb meaning "to substitute by trickery, to deprive, to deceive" is derived from the name of the bread.

Tourte—— basically is the black bread. It is only slightly superior to horsebread, and it usually uses a mixture of rye flour and barley flour, which has a very poor taste. But because the grain used is cheap and its texture is rough and tough, it is slow to digest and very anti-hunger.

Horse bread—— This bread just like it’s name, is used to feed horses. Some very poor people also eat this bread. It was basically a flour mixture of all kinds of grains, using grains that were very cheap at the time and even peas and acorns that weren't grains at all. Just to appease hunger.

For the time I am doing my study of MA, I will live with my boyfriend and we will doing painting together(he can be my technique teacher as well), work on our own projects, record our daily life on my social media account.  For my leisure time, I am focusing on any new exhibition will have in London. We will go and have a look. If there are any holidays, I would like to go for travel and record our travelling by my artworks and my plog/vlog/blog that I will show on my social media.  I might attract some people like my works or my life details, which like the fans. Hope those things can help them to feel people need to study and everything in the world are great. 

I also considered that in my spare time, I could stick to my own creation and participate in some public welfare activities with these works. On the one hand, it can help me become stronger and improve my professional ability. On the other hand, it can help some people who need help. Maybe to heal some traumatised people through my work? Probably by selling my work and doing something worthwhile with the money.

After the graduation of my MA, I will back to China and looking for job that can help me to learn a lot. I will spend the main part of my time doing my works and using this experience to learn things that I cannot learn from school. Although this period of time for me might be hard, it will be out of my comfort zone and doing things I am not good at or the works I don’t like to do. But after this, I think I can get a huge improvement in my abilities.  Then might start preparing to be a freelance illustration. For this time I can keep all of myself on the works I love to do.

Look at illustrators and other artists that you like even if  they don’t draw food 

All references to war and gambling were shredded and destroyed, and at the last second, casino chips acted "cornflakes" were broken, showing that he did not want war and gambling. love&peace.

This video is divided into four parts:

-I am in trouble

-The Miracle

-Banners behind me make me strong

-I am interviewed

I am actually didn’t fully understand this video but the way they presenting and the things have showed in this video makes me feel cool and special. This is a stopmotion animation with different patterns, line drawing keep transforming to show different angles of the objects or the movement and how things happening following the music. Also it will follow the background music the object will become large or small, and keep twinkle. Interspersed with some already recorded videos, from daily life or from the TV. The paintings that are used are very random but at the same time full of detail.

multiple materials: paper, tracing paper, oil pastel, line drawings(pen/pencil/ink), video recorded, pictures of the pattern of an object cut in layers.

Task 1: Experimentation with how you approach a drawing:

Imagined, observed, remembered

·   Read Peter Blegvad’s blog* on the difference between these modes of drawing.

http://amateur.org.uk/imagined-observed-remembered/

·   Choose a place to work with, somewhere that resonates with your Unit 9 topic.

·    Make at least 3 drawings of the place:

11.30-12.30

Working from one of your drawings use sketch model making techniques to develop the space in 3-D and experiment with lighting.

Use the materials you have to hand to rough together a sort of stage set based on your drawing – mock up the space quickly, try different versions and experiment with the placement of objects and people, light the set from different angles using the torch on your phones

·     This is not ‘proper’ modelmaking – nothing needs to be exact and clean unless that is part of your concept. Otherwise, use torn paper, masking tape, whatever is to hand

Photograph versions of your model and upload to Padlet in time for the afternoon session

1.30-3.00

Materials: graphite -soft pencils, graphite powder, graphite sticks and a putty rubber.

Make 4 studies , about A5, using your set to work from.

These can be of a detail, a corner of the space, a bird’s eye view, etc.

Cover your sheet with a middle tone – grey- by rubbing graphite over the whole surface

Lift the highlights out by drawing with your putty rubber

  Work back into the drawing to add darker areas

Some things to consider:

- the format (portrait, landscape),

- negative/positive space, crop, scale and balance.

- Reverse the negative and positive spaces- make what was light, dark, what was dark, light

- How can you use light to create a focal point in the image, to create an  illusion of depth and dimension, shadows

- Now flatten the image, take away any spatial illusion

Working from one of your Task 1 images- (colour optional)

Materials: heavy cartridge paper, inks: acrylic, Chinese, India ink, Quink, liquid water colours like Doc Martins, oil pastels, oil sticks, wax crayons, wax candle (ordinary household white candle)

- Block in the light areas using a wax candle or any other waxy or oily medium- then wash over with a mid tone water based medium. Continue working into the drawing, building up more layers of resist and wash, scratching away the resist, working back into it.

Working from one of your Task 1 images- (colour optional)

Materials : scalpel and cutting mat, scissors,

textured found objects and materials: packing material, corrugated card, bubble wrap, embossed wallpaper, sandpaper, wood, etc, cling film

- watch Max Ernst,

- Make sheets of rubbings, cut out figurative elements- people, buildings, objects, landscape elements etc either from plain or textured paper

- Collage together- no need to glue- just take pictures as you go of variations on

the composition-

References: Max Ernst, John Piper, Henry Moore, Paul Klee, William Kentridge,

The sound of blasting combined with the use of tea bags hit blank places, accompanied by scattered explosive tea soup is very interesting. The sound makes people pay attention to the video quickly, and the movement and shape on the screen are also very attractive. This is like a prompt for segmentation, dividing the whole video into different parts.

“A conscious decision to eliminate certain details and include selective bits of personal experiences or perceptual nuances, gives the painting more of a multi-dimension than when it is done directly as a visual recording,” he reflected. “This results in a kind of abstraction, and thus avoids the pitfalls of mere decoration.”

So I started looking for ancient paintings from other countries that recorded food cooking or anything related to my subject. I found some ancient Chinese paintings. While there are no explicit step-by-step instructions on how to cook that dish, there are recorded scenes of servants cooking, guests savoring the food, and people drinking, talking, and enjoying the delicious food.

Vivian Stuter

Rachel Lillie

Alvaro Barrington

Camille Walala

Keith Haring

Jonathan Mccree

Niki de saint phalle

Olafur Eliasson

Peter Millard 

The Factory Project

Plainchant(monophonic)——Parallel organum(polyphonic)——Melismatic organum(polyphonic)

Plainchant—one person singing
Parallel organum— two different but parallel parts keep static

Melismatic organum—one part static & one part moves

So I really achieved my goal, as I said at the beginning, to let the audience know how bread is made, what bread was like before and so on. Otherwise I would just put my final work in the exhibition hall and people would just think it was a recipe haha.

I think the point of view in this movie is the same as I thought with the ideas I developed from the compendium workshop, which is the idea about the religion and health. Even this part of idea was not really connected to my bread idea. But this is still great new direction for me to do researches. I can feel the sense of feeling about how middle age was from the movie, and also done my research about the ideas from compendium workshop.

-Drawing              -Working with photos

-Manipulating type    -Typography

-Composing images     -Layout(text& images)

-move to make straight lines

-move and press can draw curve lines

Pencil more free to draw

Black arrow select whole things/ White arrow select the point on the shape 

Handles around the point can adjust the curve

Smart guide in the view to help 

Pathfinder to combine shapes

Object-group or ungroup to adjusting the object

Artboard Tool to add the other canvas

Image Trace adjusting images

Effect-Distort&Tansform-Roughen roughen and round the edges to make things a little more human or hand-drawn-looking.

Blue：Azurite，Lazurite

Red：cinnabar，dactylopius coccus，coral

Yellow：Carthamus tinctorius，gamboge

White：shell, pearl

Purple：conch

Black：graphite

-Break materials

-Grinding by hands or with a grinder

-Add water and stir to remove impurities

-Wait for the pigment to settle

-Pour out the upper water

-Dried the lower layer of precipitated pigment

-Sieving according to different degree of fineness (the smaller the particle, the lighter the colour will be)

-Add blending liquid (can be egg white/oil/oil painting medium)

-Typography

-Layout(text& images)

-Composing images

-Drawing 

-Editing photos

Elements from the illustrator can be moved to the In Design straightly. (Draw in Illustrator and move to In design to do the layout composing)

Grid and pathfinder are in the same positions as Illustrator.

File-Place-choose image to move the image to the in designs which can make sure the link of the image can be found in your computer.

Values on the top to adjust the scale, angles and so on.

Black arrow like a frame, which can crop the images.

White arrow chooses the image itself to move it in the frame.

Layout-Create Guides-set the values to create the guide of where the image or elements should be in. And get equal gaps between each element.

Tif files texture can be applied to the shapes.

Either copy and paste elements from Illustrator into InDesign, or draw new imagery in Indesign, or combine the two.

We will create a book spread that explores some of the themes in your topic. 

(Ie magazine spread, illustrated book of poetry spread, kids book spread, experimental artists book spread, comic spread etc) 

Whatever speaks to your practice or topic or is useful for you to explore.

Use the imagery you started to make in Illustrator, or adapt. Create new objects/shapes If you like. 

Add texture / mark-making using the place function

Recolour and tweak by playing around with the swatches panel

You could work on incorporating typography using text boxes and manipulated type in Illustrator.

-Photo- editing.          -Typography

-Resizing images.       -Layout(text& images)

-Composing images

-Drawing(With tablet etc)

Image-Adjustment-level to adjust the contrast

Set the layer as the multiply to get rid of white

Using the objects, figures, marks etc that you have brought in, we will make a picture. 

You can consider what picture you want to make, or just begin experimenting and see what happens. 

If you want to collaborate with someone and pool your images / source material you can do this.

Cut and copy or draw your images into Photoshop

You will have a number of layers. 

Use multiply to get rid of white. 

Use levels to adjust the contrast etc.

Don’t make anything bigger. Once you’ve made something smaller then you can’t make it bigger again.

- Load the film onto the spiral and wrench the spiral to load.
- Slot the spiral onto the central column and put it in the developing tank then cover the lid.
- Get the diluted solution ready. follow the corresponding rate. (eg: 1:9 develop/ 1:19 stop/ 1:3 fix)
- Develop for 15mins and it needs be shaken horizontally.
- One minute for stop
- 10 minutes for fix
(The timing of these steps depends on the chemical and the brand of film you are using)
- Take the film out and wash it by water and hanging for dry.

Exposure process

- Prepare 3 water tray and get ready with the diluted chemical solution. (Develop/ fix/ stop)
- Adjust the enlarger for the light to focus.

- Put the film onto the film carrier and adjust the easel on baseboard.
- Press the light bottom to exposure for suitable time.

- Put the photographic paper after exposure on to the diluted chemical solution. (eg: Develop 1min/ fix 15-30s/ stop 5mins)

- Put the film onto the film carrier and adjust the easel on baseboard.
- Press the light bottom to exposure for suitable time.

- Put the photographic paper after exposure on to the diluted chemical solution. (eg: Develop 1min/ fix 15-30s/ stop 5mins)

- Dry the photos by the dry machine.

This is the part of tools for work with the film, and I'll also draw the things that will be needed to work with the exposure and film paper.

I think I will filling the colours and make it as stickers, and use those elements to complete the final work which presenting all the process of developing a film.