Understanding the Role of and Conceptualizing Health Policy and Law by

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1. Role played by policy and law in the health of individuals and populations

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·Regulate the quality and safety of healthcare services

·Promote individual access to healthcare services

·Guide public health initiatives

·Promotes health equality

·Funding and resource allocation

·Legal protection of patients’ rights

2. Key players who provide and finance health care in the United States

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·Government through programs like Medicare and Medicaid

·Private insurance companies offer healthcare plans to individuals

·Employers provide health insurance as part of employee benefits.

·Healthcare providers offer direct healthcare services to patients

·Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Companies develop, manufacture

·Patients are consumers of healthcare services

3. Use of Technology and Information Resources to Research Issues in Health Care Policy, Law, and Ethics

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Academic Databases
Government Websites
Professional Organizations
Reputable news sources
University and public libraries

4. Concepts of Policy and Policymaking

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· Agenda Setting

· Policy Formulation

· Policy Adoption

· Policy Implementation

· Policy Evaluation

5. Basic function, structure, and powers of the legislative branch of government

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·The U.S. Congress makes laws.

·It debates and passes legislation that affects various aspects of society, including healthcare.

·The U.S. Congress consists of House of Representatives and Senate.

·Draft, debate, and pass bills.

· Appropriate funds for government programs and services, including healthcare.

· Monitor and supervise federal agencies and programs.

·Represent the interests and concerns of constituents.

6. References

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Donnelly, P. D., Erwin, P. C., Fox, D. M., & Grogan, C. (2019). Single-Payer, Multiple-Payer, and State-Based Financing of Health Care: Introduction to the Special Section. American journal of public health, 109(11), 1482–1483. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305353

Gostin, L. O., Monahan, J. T., Kaldor, J., DeBartolo, M., Friedman, E. A., Gottschalk, K., Kim, S. C., Alwan, A., Binagwaho, A., Burci, G. L., Cabal, L., DeLand, K., Evans, T. G., Goosby, E., Hossain, S., Koh, H., Ooms, G., Roses Periago, M., Uprimny, R., & Yamin, A. E. (2019). The legal determinants of health: harnessing the power of law for global health and sustainable development. Lancet (London, England), 393(10183), 1857–1910. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30233-8

Teitelbaum, J., McGowan, A. K., Richmond, T. S., Kleinman, D. V., Pronk, N., Ochiai, E., Blakey, C., & Brewer, K. H. (2021). Law and Policy as Tools in Healthy People 2030. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP, 27(Suppl 6), S265–S273. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000001358

The White House. (2021, January 15). The legislative branch. https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-legislative-branch/

Theodos, K., & Sittig, S. (2020). Health Information Privacy Laws in the Digital Age: HIPAA Doesn't Apply. Perspectives in health information management, 18(Winter), 1l.

Waitzberg, R., Quentin, W., Webb, E., & Glied, S. (2021). The Structure and Financing of Health Care Systems Affected How Providers Coped With COVID-19. The Milbank quarterly, 99(2), 542–564. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12530

Shams, L., Sari, A. A., Yazdani, S., & Nasiri, T. (2021). Model for Value-based Policy-making in Health Systems. International journal of preventive medicine, 12, 13. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_325_19