Instructions: Complete each sentence below by choosing a word from the word bank. You may need to adjust the form (e.g., change tense or add an ending) to fit the sentence. Try to use each word only once.

Word Bank

• unlock

• redo

• misunderstand

• overcook

• misplace

• underestimate

• disregard

• reheat

• disconnect

• underpay

• overestimate

• misjudge

Sentences

1. I thought the task would only take 30 minutes, but I really _______ how difficult it would be.

2. He didn’t understand the instructions, so he accidentally _______ what I said.

3. After losing my keys, I realized I probably _______ them somewhere at home.

4. She needed to use the microwave to _______ her coffee since it went cold while she was on the phone.

5. They warned me about traffic, but I _______ the advice and ended up stuck for hours.

6. To open the box, I had to _______ the lock carefully, as it was stuck.

7. The cook left the food on the stove too long and _______ it, so we had to make a new dish.

8. We were supposed to work on the report together, but I think he might have _______ my willingness to participate.

9. When I realized I’d made a mistake, I decided to _______ the assignment from the beginning.

10. Many freelancers feel that companies _______ them for their hard work, not paying them fairly.

11. We need to _______ the cable because the internet isn’t working.

12. I was so tired that I didn’t focus, and I accidentally _______ the time needed for the project.

Let's talk...

1. Lock - Tell me about a time when you had to unlock something important.

2. Cook - Have you ever overcooked or undercooked food? What happened?

3. Understand - Describe a time when someone misunderstood something you said.

4. Do - What’s something you’ve had to redo because it wasn’t done correctly the first time?

5. Estimate - Share a situation where you might have underestimated or overestimated how much time a task would take.

6. Pay - Have you ever felt underpaid for something you worked hard on? Describe it.

Match each prefix to the correct root word to create a meaningful word.

1. un- a. understand

2. re- b. estimate

3. dis- c. lock

4. mis- d. place

5. over- e. heat

6. under- f. do

B. Fill-in-the-Blank Exercise

Choose the correct word with a prefix to complete each sentence.

1. I thought he was coming, but he had to ______ his plans due to an emergency. (discontinue, redo, misunderstand)

2. The email didn’t go through, so I had to ______ it. (reheat, redo, mishear)

3. My manager often ______ the amount of work we have. (misunderstands, overestimates, underpays)

4. I was sure I had my keys, but it seems I ______ them somewhere. (misplaced, underpaid, reheated)

5. The food was very cold, so I decided to ______ it in the microwave. (unlock, overheat, reheat)

6. They ______ the importance of rest and got too tired. (disregarded, overestimated, misplaced)

Choose the correct word for each sentence.

1. If my computer was locked, I’d need to ______ it. (unlock, misplace, overpay)

2. She got the answer wrong, so she decided to ______ the problem. (re-solve, misunderstand, disregard)

3. They thought the project would be easy but ______ the time needed. (overestimated, underestimated, misunderstood)

4. I can’t find my wallet—I must have ______ it. (repaid, misplaced, overestimated)

5. He thought I said “Monday,” but he must have ______ me. (misheard, underpaid, disregarded)

6. To save money, they decided to ______ the repairs on their car. (overlook, disregard, redo)

Wrap-Up Challenge:

Name a word with a prefix you’ve used today and tell me what it means.

Give your examples on the above prefixes.

1. The door was locked, but I had to unlock it to get in.

2. She wasn’t happy with the answer, so she decided to redo the task.

3. I told him it was important, but he disregarded my advice.

4. I think you misunderstood what I said. Let me explain again.

5. I left the soup on the stove too long and now it's overcooked.

6. We were very busy last month, and some workers were underpaid.

Concept Checking Questions:

1. If I say “I underestimated the time it would take,” did I think it would take less or more time?

2. When we say someone “misheard” something, did they hear correctly or incorrectly?

3. If I say “They disregarded the instructions,” did they follow them?

4. When someone says “I need to redo the assignment,” are they doing it for the first time or a second time?

5. If food is “overcooked,” did it cook for the right amount of time or too long?

1. If he ____ (study) harder, he would have passed the test.

2. They ____ (enjoy) the concert if it hadn’t rained.

3. If we had known about the traffic, we ____ (leave) earlier.

4. She ____ (be) happier if she had gotten the job.

5. If they had asked, we ____ (help) them move.

6. I ____ (attend) the meeting if I had received an invitation.

7. They ____ (travel) to Europe if they had saved enough money.

8. If you ____ (tell) me, I could have helped you.

9. She ____ (buy) that dress if it had been on sale.

10. We ____ (visit) the museum if we had more time.

1. If they had left earlier, ________________.

2. She would have called you if ________________.

3. ________________, he might have gotten the job.

4. If we had known about the event, ________________.

5. ________________, we could have avoided the traffic.

6. He might have joined us if ________________.

7. ________________, they would have bought the tickets in advance.

8. If she had prepared more, ________________.

9. ________________, they could have taken the earlier train.

10. I might have studied medicine if ________________.

1. Write about a trip you didn’t take but would have enjoyed. Use “might have.”

2. Think of a job or internship you applied for but didn’t get. How would things have been different? Use “could have.”

3. Describe a time when you missed an event. What would have happened if you had gone? Use “would have.”

4. Write about a skill you would have learned if you had had more time last year. Use “could have.”

5. Describe a choice you made last week. How might things have turned out differently? Use “might have.”

6. Think of something you bought. What would you have done with that money if you hadn’t bought it? Use “would have.”

7. Write about a project you finished late. How could you have done it differently? Use “could have.”

8. Think of a concert or event you missed. What might have happened if you had attended? Use “might have.”

9. Write about a decision you regret. How would things be different now if you had chosen otherwise? Use “would have.”

10. Describe an experience where you could have used some extra help. Use “could have.”

Did the Titanic sink?

Are we talking about a real or imaginary past?

The third conditionals are used to imagine different outcomes for events in the past that didn't actually happen.

Lucy had a tough day at work and decided to go for a walk in the park to relax. She usually went straight home, but something told her to take a different path. While she was sitting on a bench, a man approached her with a friendly smile and struck up a conversation. They found they had a lot in common and exchanged contact details. Two years later, Lucy and this man got married. It was a chance meeting that changed her life forever.

Story 2: Tom’s Missed Flight

Tom was all set for his vacation to Hawaii, but he overslept on the day of his flight. By the time he arrived at the airport, his plane had already taken off. Frustrated, he rebooked his flight for the next day. When he finally reached Hawaii, he discovered that the flight he had missed encountered severe turbulence. Some passengers were injured, and it was a terrifying experience. Tom felt incredibly grateful that he hadn’t made it onto that flight.

Story 3: Emma’s Last-Minute Decision

Emma had planned to go to a concert with her friends, but she changed her mind at the last minute. She decided to stay home and study for an upcoming exam instead. Later that night, she found out that the concert had been canceled unexpectedly, and the crowd was disappointed. Emma ended up doing well on her exam, and her friends all agreed it was a lucky decision.

Story 4: Carlos’s Bike Ride

Carlos loved riding his bike to work every day, but one morning, his tire was flat. He was frustrated and decided to take the bus instead. During the ride, he met an old friend he hadn’t seen in years. They talked the entire journey, catching up on each other’s lives. His friend later offered him a great job opportunity that Carlos had been looking for.

Write a short story (around 100-150 words) about a day in your life where things go unexpectedly wrong or you have to redo or correct tasks. Use at least six words from the list below, making sure to include each prefix at least once. Highlight or underline each word you use.

Word Bank

• unlock

• redo

• misunderstand

• overcook

• misplace

• underestimate

• disregard

• reheat

• disconnect

• underpay

• overestimate

• misjudge

  
  

Example:

This morning, I accidentally overcooked my eggs and had to reheat my coffee three times! Then I couldn’t find my keys because I’d misplaced them. After a busy day, I realized I had underestimated how much time I’d need to finish my work...

1. in- Prefix Vocabulary:

   • Invisible: Can you see something if it’s invisible?

   • Inappropriate: Is something inappropriate suitable or acceptable?

   • Inaccurate: Is something inaccurate correct or exact?

   • Inadequate: If something is inadequate, is it enough?

   • Inability: If someone has an inability to do something, can they do it?

2. im- Prefix Vocabulary:

   • Immature: Is someone who is immature acting like an adult?

   • Impossible: Is it possible to do something if it’s impossible?

   • Impolite: Does impolite behavior mean someone is being respectful?

   • Immobile: If something is immobile, can it move?

   • Immoral: If something is immoral, is it considered right or wrong?

3. ir- Prefix Vocabulary:

   • Irresponsible: Is an irresponsible person reliable?

   • Irregular: Does irregular behavior follow a pattern?

   • Irrelevant: Is something irrelevant connected to the topic?

   • Irrational: Is something irrational based on reason or logic?

4. ex- Prefix Vocabulary:

   • Ex-girlfriend: Is an ex-girlfriend still in a relationship with you?

   • Ex-Prime Minister: Is an ex-Prime Minister currently the Prime Minister?

   • Ex-husband: Is an ex-husband still married to you?

   • Ex-boss: Is an ex-boss still your boss?

   • Ex-wife: Is an ex-wife still married to you?

• Writing Prompt:

  • Write a short paragraph about a situation in your life or in a story that includes at least five of the words with the prefixes in-, im-, ir-, ex-. For example, "My ex-boss used to make irrational demands that were impossible to meet. His behavior was so irresponsible and immature that he was finally let go."

What if the Titanic hadn't hit the iceberg?

What would have happened if Covid virus hadn't spread?

What if you hadn't decided to have online lessons with me?

1. Scenario Discussion

Imagine the following scenarios. Give advice or warnings using as many of the phrases as possible:

1. A friend is going hiking in the mountains.

2. Your sibling is preparing for a big exam.

3. Your coworker is handling dangerous chemicals at work.

2. Storytelling

Think about a situation where you gave or received advice or warnings. Share the story, making sure to use at least 5 phrases from the list. For example:

• A time you warned someone about a dangerous situation.

• A time you gave someone advice about an important decision.