Chapter 13.1-2 by Kelly May https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i Sections 1 and 2 en-us 2017-11-16 01:24:48 UTC 2026-01-02 04:03:20 UTC hello@padlet.com kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207499104
  • The earliest known written laws came from tribal societies. 
  • The most well-known is the Code of Hammurabi which:
    • categorized crimes and provided 282 examples and their punishments.
  • The Ten Commandments were one of the sources of law for the ancient Israelites.
  • Roman law is another early source of law. 
  • The single most important basis of the American legal system is English common law.

    • ]]>     2017-11-16 01:59:44 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207499104     Rule of Law kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207500531
  • The courts core purpose is to promote the rule of law. 
  • The idea behind rule of law is that no individual, group, organization, or governmental entity is above the law. 
    • ]]>     2017-11-16 02:10:12 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207500531     Controls on the Abuse of Power kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207500650
  • The judiciary branch limits the executive and legislative branches through declaring laws and government actions unconstitutional. 
  • This process is called judicial review.
  • If a law is considered unconstitutional, then the law cannot be enforced. 
  • Judicial review includes actions made by the other two branches of government.

    • ]]>     2017-11-16 02:11:12 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207500650     kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207695824
  • The fair selection of judges, fair procedures, the power of judicial review all are apart judicial independence.
  • Judges are appointed for life terms. 
  • In most states judges are either elected or initially appointed and then must face voters from time to time in retention elections. 
    • ]]>     2017-11-16 14:58:35 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207695824     Jurisdiction kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207699302
  • Original jurisdiction means that cases originate in trial courts.
  •  A trial court cannot try a case where there is no harm or alleged violation of the law. 
    • ]]>     2017-11-16 15:03:37 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207699302     Adversarial System kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207702188
  • The United States has ab adversarial system meaning it is a contest between opposing sides, or adversaries. 
  • Lawyers argue their case and present their witnesses and evidence to support their argument. 
  • Judges and juries listen. 
  • The judge is impartial acting similar to a referee.
    • ]]>     2017-11-16 15:07:54 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207702188     Roles in a Trial kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207704484
  • The plaintiff is the party accusing someone of causing damage.
  • The defendant is the side responding to the plaintiff.
  • The judge oversees the trial, protecting the rights of those involved. 
  • In trials without juries, the judge determines the facts of the case and reaches a verdict. 
  • A jury is a group of citizens who are sworn to give a verdict based on evidence presented to them in a court. 
    • ]]>     2017-11-16 15:10:45 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207704484     Steps in a Trial kelly_may2 https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207709460 Step 1. Opening Statement by Plaintiff or Prosecutor 
    Step 2. Opening Statement by Defense 
    Step 3. Direct Examination by Plaintiff or Prosecutor 
    Step 4. Cross-Examination by Defense
    Step 5. Motions
    Step 6. Direct Examination by Defense
    Step 7. Cross-Examination by Plaintiff or Prosecutor
    Step 8. Closing Statement by Plaintiff or Prosecutor
    Step 9. Closing Statement by Defense
    Step 10. Rebuttal Arguments
    Step 11. Jury Instructions
    Step 12. Verdict 

    ]]>     2017-11-16 15:17:33 UTC https://padlet.com/kelly_may2/pksj4gq6lz9i/wish/207709460