Congestion In Indonesia by NUR QISTINA NORMAN

Definition of Transport

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What is Traffic Congestion?

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Traffic congestion is a condition on road that occurs as their use increases. Congestion is due to slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queing. Whenever traffic demand is great, the interaction between vehicles slows the speed of the traffic stream, thus resulting in congestion.

Traffic Congestion in Indonesia

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In the world's fourth most populated country, based on satellite navigation data, Jakarta was declared the world city with the worst traffic in one ranking. With the average motorist starting and halting more than 33,000 times a year in traffic.

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Due to the country's rising car population, major cities in Indonesia are experiencing chronic congestion. Jakarta has long been known for its significant traffic congestion, but studies now indicate that Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta are all affected. Traffic congestion is being followed by an increase in traffic accidents. Motorcycle accidents dominate, and they also account for the greatest number of fatalities and serious injuries.

The State of Jakarta's Traffic Congestion

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Jakarta was as the world's tenth most crowded city in 2019. Traffic congestion in Jakarta poses several issues. Jakarta was the world's 10th most polluted capital city in 2018. According to reports, around 3.5 million automobiles and 14 million motorbikes on Jakarta's roadways contribute significantly to air pollution. The economic loss due by traffic congestion, comprising car operation costs and time value cost, is predicted to be over Rp100 trillion, or 4% of the Jakarta metropolitan area's GDP in 2018.

Causes of Traffic Congestion in Indonesia

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PEOPLE DESIRE TO TRAVEL QUICKER

Many choose to drive rather than take public transportation. People in a hurry will lose time if public transportation stops at particular spots. The waiting time for it is another reason why some people prefer to go on their own

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PEOPLE ARE LACK OF DISCIPLINE

People who are currently working are unable to adhere to public transit schedules. Some of them may have slept in and choose to follow their own schedule rather than waking up early to catch public transportation. They will be less late since they will be able to rush on their own.

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PEOPLE PREFER TO SAVE MONEY

Nowadays, public transportation is relatively expensive, especially for fancy public transit like MRT. It is much more expensive if the destination is far away. Private vehicles, even if they require repairs, may save money on a daily basis. For example, riding a motorcycle for a week would cost less than 50,000 rupiahs in gasoline alone

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PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IS LESS PLEASEANT

Some individuals cannot afford good public transit in Jakarta, such as Trans Jakarta and MRT. As a result, some people may choose for less expensive public transportation options such as Oplet or the city bus. However, its less comfortable, and lack of cleanliness.

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THE ANNUAL TAX IS AFFORDABLE

In Indonesia, the annual tax on privately owned vehicles is seen as reasonable. A motorbike worth ten million rupiahs, for example, will pay just approximately two hundred thousand rupiahs in tax, which less than 10 percent.

Effects Of Traffic Congestion

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DELAYS

When it comes to congested roads, many people immediately think of delays. Delays may lead to late arrivals for work, meetings, and education, which can lead to lost business, disciplinary action, or other personal losses.

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FUEL CONSUMPTION

Stopping and starting in traffic consumes more petrol than travelling at a constant speed on the open roadway. This rise in gasoline use costs commuters more money.

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RODE RAGE

Impatient drivers are more prone to drive aggressively or recklessly. This adds to bad health for people afflicted by stress and endangers other drivers. Route rage also heightens the risk posed to emergency responders or construction team members operating on a congested road near risky drivers.

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EMERGENCY VEHICLES

Because of road congestion, an ambulance, fire engine, or other emergency vehicle is unable to respond in a timely manner. It can endanger someone who is desperately in need of help.

Measures That Can Help Alleviate Congestion

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TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYNCHRONIZATION

adjusting traffic lights based on the timing and direction of traffic flows

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RAMP METERING

Controlling access to a crowded route by allowing cars in one at a time rather than in groups. As a result, highway traffic movements are less disrupted.

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INCIDENT MANAGEMENT

Making sure that vehicles involved in accidents or mechanical failures are removed as quickly as possible from the road

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HOV LANES

High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes insure that vehicles with 2 or more passengers like buses have exclusive access to a less congested lanes

7 Solutions Jakarta Claimed Helped Reduce Traffic Congestion

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Sigit Wijatmoko, Acting-Head of Jakarta's Department of Transportation, stated that the city's lower levels of traffic congestion may be attributed to seven innovations implemented by the government since 2017.

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Multiple constructions of urban underpasses and flyovers such as the Matraman underpass and Kuningan underpass.

Shutting down railway level crossings in Tanjung Barat and Gaplok Market in Senen.

The odd-even number plate policy that was introduced to a wider traffic area together with an extended period of time.

Redesigns of major streets in downtown Jakarta such as Thamrin and Sudirman that saw those streets widened without a special low-speed lane.

The introduction of the Jak Lingko interconnected transportation solution which also acts as a means to prevent public transports from carelessly stopping to get passengers.

Opening new routes covered by the Transjakarta bus fleets and integrating them with other urban transportations under the Jak Lingko program. The newly introduced MRT and LRT will also be included in the city’s integrated transportation network.

Jakarta’s administration together with stakeholders such as BPTJ and the city’s Department of Transportation together develop means of transports from residential areas to the downtown urban areas.

Jakarta Overview of Traffic Jam

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This video shows Jakarta overview of Traffic Congestion and how bad the condition is

DKI Jakarta Congestion Decreases

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According to an article published in 2020, DKI Jakarta congestion has lessened. Now, Indonesia has a congestion rate of 34% and is ranked 46th, with substantially lower records than the previous year. However, it is considered that Covid-19 is the root of the issues

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ECONOMY LOSSES

According to the article, traffic congestion in major cities has resulted in wasted fuel for public transit. It is also stated that a badly planned public transportation system resulted in a 2.2 million litres of fuel waste each day.

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POLLUTION

Cars stuck in traffic produce a substantial portion of harmful carbon emissions. These emissions, contribute to global warming, can produce more immediate and localised concerns, such as smog and increased respiratory problems in a community due to poor air quality.

HEALTH ISSUES

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RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS

Traffic means greater pollution, which is exacerbated by Jakarta's notorious "bumper-to-bumper" traffic, which forces people to travel short distances in a cloud of exhaust smoke. Pollution is related to higher fatality rates. Some of the hazardous and long-term consequences of traffic-related air pollution are : Stroke, Asthma, & Rise blood pressure.

STRESS

A person who has been trapped in traffic amid a sea of vehicles would have higher stress levels, which might easily spark dissatisfaction, which most people will convert into anger. According to research, enduring prolonged traffic jams might extract a person's aggressive behaviour.

BACK PAIN AND MUSCLE FATIGUE

Traffic congestion lengthens journey time, affecting a person's psychological and physical health, particularly back discomfort and muscle fatigue produced by sitting or standing for too long in a car during traffic.

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

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Wasting Time for Opportunity Costs

stuck in traffic Congestion is undoubtedly a non-productive activity for the majority of individuals, and congestion itself harms regional economic health.

Stressed and Frustrated motorists

Traffic congestion encourage road rage and affects motorists' health as it will increase owns stress level and patience.

Drivers Behaviour

Drivers tend to have more aggressive driving patterns when they were in a traffic congestion. They also become less focused in driving while in the situation.

ECONOMY ISSUES

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According to VietnamPlus News above, on January 8, Indonesian President Joko Widodo stated that traffic congestion in Jakarta and its surrounding areas resulted in yearly economic losses of roughly 4.7 billion USD.

Also, based on the research conducted by the University of Indonesia, the economic loss caused by traffic congestion in Jakarta is Rp28.1 Trillion (US3.25 billion) per year.

The end, Thankyou for your time in reading my padlet!

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