https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih en-us 2021-11-24 17:00:59 UTC 2021-12-11 22:04:09 UTC hello@padlet.com laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911117673 Before Europeans colonized North America, Native Americans had flourishing art traditions, designs, methods, and styles (Theartstory.org). American Indian art was often utilitarian (Dockstader). Many Native American Languages lacked the terms "art" or "artist"(Dockstader). The particular form that the art takes reflects the culture. For example, military societies have weaponry as a major art form or more ritualistic cultures had more ceremonial art (Dockstader). The materials used by Native Americans were natural and reflected their environment. wood, clay, all kinds of plants, shell, stone, minerals, bark, animal part, and more were used (Dockstader).]]> 2021-11-24 18:09:27 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911117673 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911141861 After the arrival of colonists in North America, Native Americans and Europeans experienced pieces of each other's art. Europeans saw the utilitarian art as curiosities or arts and crafts and Native American artists began to adapt to the new materials and techniques brought in by the colonists including floral embroidery, beads, and silver smithing (Theartstory.org).  ]]> 2021-11-24 18:27:33 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911141861 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911146326 Native American art cultures are in devastation as a result of colonization. European collectors sought for Native American artifacts and articles were stolen and when not stolen, bought at very low prices (infoplease.com). Early collectors put great value into often mundane objects, surprising historic Native Americans (infoplease.com).

]]> 2021-11-24 18:30:44 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911146326 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911148972 Native American artists challenge the misconceptions on Native American art that the imbalance of power in early American history created. For example, Wendy Red Star of the Apsaalooke lineage makes self-portrait photographs that jokingly go along with the conflation of Native American culture(Billard). Merrit Johnson, a descendant of the Blackfoot and Kanienkehaka Tribes writes about how most people see Native American art as all "beads and feathers." Stereotypes like that do not acknowledge the diversity of Native American communities (Billard). Disregarding Native American diversity silences their artistic voices. ]]> 2021-11-24 18:32:43 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911148972 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911153546 Abject poverty in surviving Native Americans populations paired with the growing demand for their arts in industrialized countries has caused an increasingly large number of Native American artisans (infoplease.com). The art has become an industry serving tourists markets as well as discriminating collectors (infoplease.com). Examples of most sought-after Native American art include jewelry, eskimo sculpture, and textiles and ceramics of the Southwestern groups (infoplease.com). ]]> 2021-11-24 18:35:54 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911153546 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911159500 “Dockstader, Frederick J. “Native American Art.” Encyclopedia Britannica 14 Jan. 2021: n. pag. Print.”
https://www.britannica.com/art/Native-American-art

“The Progression of American Art Movements.” Theartstory.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Nov. 2021.
https://www.theartstory.org/definition/american-art/history-and-concepts/

“North American Native Art: The Effects of European Contact.” Infoplease.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2021.
https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/arts/visual/prehistoric-primitive/north-american-native-art/the-effects-of-european-contact

Billard, Jillian. “8 Contemporary Native American Artists Challenging the Way We Look at American History.” Artspace.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2021.
https://www.artspace.com/magazine/art_101/in_focus/contemporary-native-american-artists-challenging-the-way-we-look-at-american-history-55116


]]> 2021-11-24 18:40:13 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1911159500 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1939110379 In an attempt to address their silencing, artists of Native American culture are challenging and rebelling against the resulting cultural misconceptions. This is finally directly connecting artistic rebellion to all the pieces of history on this timeline. The artists are protesting against their silencing as a result of forced assimilation that began all the way back to the arrival of colonists. By doing this, they are connecting that period of time and everything in between it to now, showing again that silencing has indeed been a motif throughout history. In conclusion, the artistic revolt as a result of this cultural silencing proves that in the origins of rebellion through art, forced assimilation is an important theme.


]]> 2021-12-09 20:33:08 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1939110379 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940385754 In the origins of rebellion through art, forced assimilation is an important theme because throughout history, cultures were slowly silenced, leading to artistic revolt.]]> 2021-12-10 14:03:02 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940385754 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940388143 These are thriving customs, meanings, and purposes of Native American art prior to any interaction with colonists. They provide something to compare later Native American culture to to see their silencing in process. This evidence connects to forced assimilation as a whole because it shows the true beauty and strength of a minority group on its own before the effects of other majority groups. ]]> 2021-12-10 14:04:03 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940388143 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940394200 This interaction between the two cultures shows how Native American art began to adapt to colonist's art. This is an example of forced assimilation because a minority culture is coming to resemble a majority group's values, behaviors, and beliefs. This initial interaction is a beginning to the silencing of Native Americans that will only worsen in the future. ]]> 2021-12-10 14:06:58 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940394200 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940440887 A continuation of Native American silencing is seen in the collecting of Native American art through stealing and unfair purchases. When the colonists did this, they were taking important pieces of Native American culture out of its home and stripping it of its true meaning. It was especially silencing of the Native American culture because their art was often utilitarian and it was now being taken just to add to collections. This silencing connects back to forced assimilation because a majority group is changing the meaning of a minority group's art.]]> 2021-12-10 14:28:23 UTC https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940440887 laylakluth26 https://padlet.com/laylakluth26/pir5pxhkd2cve6ih/wish/1940512128 This is yet another continuation of the silencing of Native American culture. During this time, Native American art is becoming just another industrialized product for the benefit of majority groups. The true essence and meanings of their art like its utilitarianism and ceremonialism are still being stripped. This spreads the concept of forced assimilation all the way to the present, proving it has been a theme throughout history. 

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