https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8 A journey of 10,000 miles. en-us 2018-03-12 00:37:58 UTC 2024-05-28 20:14:08 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Manbag.png agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240661189 The California gold rush brings the first wave of Chinese immigration, laborers for railroad construction, agriculture, and mining (Zong, Batalova), starting in 1849, continuing throughout the American Industrial Revolution.]]> 2018-03-12 00:47:49 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240661189 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240663586 Advocates against Chinese immigration introduce and pass legislation through Congress allowing only 15 Chinese people to arrive per ship, however, President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoes the bill because of its conflict with a treaty agreement between the United States and China. Afterwards, he attempts to revise Burlingame-Seward Treaty so China will put a limit on immigration to America (Office of the Historian).]]> 2018-03-12 01:06:38 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240663586 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240664162 The 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act is passed, prohibiting the immigration of Chinese laborers, stating their ineligibility for American citizenship, and requiring all Chinese people traveling in the country to carry a form of identification stating their purpose/status. This is the first Act of its kind in the history of the nation, that set such restrictions on immigration (Office of the Historian).

]]> 2018-03-12 01:10:22 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240664162 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240665957 The Scott Act prohibits re-entry to the U.S. for Chinese-Americans if they visit China (Office of the Historian). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:19:56 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240665957 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240666248 The Geary Act renews the Exclusion Act for another decade (Office of the Historian).

]]> 2018-03-12 01:21:30 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240666248 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240666385 The Chinese Exclusion Act is made permanent (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:22:16 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240666385 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667049 Chinese merchants organize a boycott to protest the discriminatory Exclusion Acts. President Theodore Roosevelt asks the Chinese government to suppress it, and the boycott comes to an end within several months (Office of the Historian). 

]]> 2018-03-12 01:25:57 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667049 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667422 The Chinese Exclusion Act is repealed, and Chinese immigrants are granted the right of naturalization. China is given a token quota of 105 immigrants each year (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:28:27 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667422 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667749 Second wave of Chinese immigration to the United States. ]]> 2018-03-12 01:30:38 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240667749 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669813 China lessens its controls on emigration (Zong, Batalova).]]> 2018-03-12 01:43:36 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669813 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669885 Diplomatic relations between U.S. and China are restored (Zong, Batalova).

]]> 2018-03-12 01:44:01 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669885 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669958 299,000 immigrants from mainland China are living in the United States (Zong, Batalova).]]> 2018-03-12 01:44:22 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669958 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669984 The number of Chinese immigrants has nearly quadrupled: 989,000 (Zong, Batalova).

]]> 2018-03-12 01:44:36 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240669984 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670035 The number of immigrants from China in America reaches 2.1 million (Zong, Batalova).

]]> 2018-03-12 01:44:58 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670035 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670446 Central Pacific Railroad Company hires over 10,000 Chinese people to build Western-half of first Transcontinental Railroad (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670446 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670886 A San Francisco mob attacks the Chinese community, 21 Chinese are killed (Zhao).]]> 2018-03-12 01:50:40 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240670886 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240671081 Massacre at Rock Springs, Wyoming, leaves 28 Chinese immigrants dead (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:52:24 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240671081 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240671864 United States V. Wong Kim Ark: Court rules any person born in the United States is a citizen, and citizenship by birth cannot be taken away, regardless of ethnicity (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 01:57:41 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240671864 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240672211 Congress rules that U.S. citizens may bring their Chinese wives into the country, if the marriage had occurred before 1924 (Zhao).]]> 2018-03-12 02:00:02 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240672211 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240672725 Chinese Alien Wives of American Citizens Act allows entry of Chinese wives to American citizens outside of the quota. Over 6,000 Chinese women enter the U.S. within the next couple years (Zhao).]]> 2018-03-12 02:03:37 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240672725 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673119 Justice Department runs a "Chinese Confession Program" in order to investigate Communist activities, and break up networks for Chinese immigration (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 02:06:18 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673119 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673348 Chinese immigration stems mainly from Taiwan, because of the lack of diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the United States until 1979 (Zhao). ]]> 2018-03-12 02:08:20 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673348 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673674 Large number of Chinese immigrants arrive as refugees from the Vietnam War (Zhao).]]> 2018-03-12 02:11:11 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240673674 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240674235 Circa 1863 (Digital Public Library of America).]]> 2018-03-12 02:15:40 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240674235 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240674456 After a year and a half of writing pen-pal letters back and forth from China to America and a long visit from her pen pal Jesse, Yu Hong married her foreign friend in her hometown of Taishan, Guangdong Province. He spoke just a few Cantonese words that he'd learned on tape on the plane ride, and she spoke what little English she remembered from her days in high school. After their honeymoon in Beijing, Jesse headed back to the United States without Yu Hong. They were separated for nine long months, because the government thought they were a green card marriage, nothing but fraud. In the two years following her arrival in America, Yu Hong and Jesse had their first daughter, Alana Chen Gardner. Yu Hong juggled her school work from Community College of Philadelphia, trying to learn fluent English, and getting her Associate's degree in Photography, while taking care of her baby, with support from her relatives already living in the city. After moving from their small Chinatown loft to a four-bedroom townhouse, she sponsored her parents, so they could also live in America. They lived in the guest bedroom for two years, before moving to their own apartment only a few blocks away. Yu Hong's mother did eventually gain American citizenship, while her father continued to stay on a green card (Chen).


]]> 2018-03-12 02:17:34 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240674456 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240676747 The National Origins Act of 1924 allows for immigration visas for two percent of the number of each nationality in the United States as per the 1890 census, but completely excludes all Asian immigrants (Office of the Historian). ]]> 2018-03-12 02:38:18 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240676747 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240677472 China is the main source of foreign students enrolled in American higher education, and Chinese receive the second largest amount of employer-sponsored H-1B temporary visas, only following India (Zong, Batalova).]]> 2018-03-12 02:43:56 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240677472 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240677902 Despite having to endure countless hardships and setbacks, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act, Chinese immigrants have fought tirelessly to achieve their own American Dream. By braving discriminatory laws, prejudiced violence, and working tirelessly for dangerous jobs, like building the first Transcontinental railroad, early Chinese immigrants paved the way for their descendants to have a better life. Without their hard labor, their contributions, and their presence in the United States, this country would not be so great. ]]> 2018-03-12 02:48:05 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240677902 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240683181 2018-03-12 03:32:50 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240683181 agardner2019 https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240683493 Circa 2002 (Gardner-Chen Family).]]> 2018-03-12 03:35:43 UTC https://padlet.com/agardner2019/pha8qjw0khr8/wish/240683493