Main WSN technologies by

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 10:07:25 UTC

It is a low-data-rate, cost-effective, and low-power wireless personal area network (WPAN) protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which defines the PHY and network access layers for LR-WPAN.Frequency bands and transmission speeds:

2.4 GHz 250 kbps, 915 MHz 40 kbps, 868 MHz 20 kbps

Its range is between 10 and 100 meters.

Its applications are widespread because it allows devices to communicate across various possible topologies. [1]

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 10:39:02 UTC

It is a wireless networking protocol developed by Zensys, designed for home appliance and light commercial automation.

Its operating frequency bands are below 1 GHz, which avoids interference with other protocols operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, such as ZigBee.

Its transmission speed depends on the device configuration. It can reach up to 100 kbps. [2]

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 21:55:13 UTC

Also known as Bluetooth Smart, it's based on the v4.0 standard. It's used for low-cost, low-power, low-bandwidth radio signals. Due to its ease and functionality, it's becoming widely accepted. The theoretical modulation speed is 1 Mbps, but its actual rate is between 5 and 10 kbps. It has a very short range, reliable up to 30 meters. [3]

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 22:05:50 UTC

The LoRaWAN standard is a technology designed to wirelessly connect battery-powered devices to the Internet in regional and global networks. Its advantages include bidirectional communication, security, mobility, and localization. It operates in the sub-GHz band (specifically at 433, 868, and 915 MHz) with a bandwidth of 125 kHz. LoRaWAN defines the communication and architecture of the wireless system (MAC), and LoRa defines the modulation technique (PHY). [4]

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 22:18:15 UTC

It's a low-power network technology that interconnects devices over long distances using little power. It's based on existing LTE network technology, with a range of 10 kilometers in rural areas and hundreds of meters in urban areas. Its speed is 250 kbps on a 200 kHz band. It's used in remote area sensors, so solutions for smart agriculture, water or gas metering, among others. [5]

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-09 22:32:27 UTC

[1] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Pages 176 – 179

[2] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Page 44

[3] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Pages 169 – 176

[4] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Pages 213 – 215)

[5] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Pages 215 – 217)

[6] Byron O. Ganazhapa. (2021). Arduino Internet de las Cosas. Pages 148 – 280)

iotautomation2024 — 2025-04-13 15:31:52 UTC

Its acronym stands for IPV6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network, 6LowPAN, is a protocol that enables encapsulation mechanisms and header compression for IoT applications. It can be used in multiple communication standards such as IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.3. It is used for communication between household appliances, with frequencies from 868 to 868.6 MHz, 902 to 929 MHz, 2400 MHz. Range of 10 to 100 meters, data rate between 20 and 250 kbps [6]