1. State your selections under the category of Natal Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

-Within the category of Natal Measures, ancestral lineage and birthplace of grandparents are the two categories that resonate the most with me and have the biggest influence on my ethnic identity. Ancestral lineage has a big influence on my ethnic identity because it allows me to connect deeper with my sense of self by learning about my family's past. In addition to ancestral lineage, the birthplace of grandparents resonates a lot with me as well because I believe so much of the cultural values I have are closely tied to their American Southern roots and passed down from my parents and family members to myself.

2.State your selections under the category of Behavioral Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples. 

-Within the category of Behavioral Measures, friendship and acquaintances patterns as well as participation in religious activities are the categories that have the biggest influence on my ethnic identity. I believe the choice in the friendships, and acquaintance I've made throughout my life have played a large role in my ethnic identity by shaping what I deem as socially normal or not, and have had an influence on how I behave socially. Perhaps the biggest influence on my behavioral measures as it pertains to my ethnic identity stems from my participation in religious activities, for it played a large in my beliefs, values, and practices.

3. State your selections under the category of Subjective Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

-Within the category of Subject Measures, self-identification of a preferred ethnic group, and value preferences have the biggest influence on my ethnic identity. Being that , I'm biracial and mixed with Black and White , but was raised by my black side ; self identification of a preferred ethnic group really plays a big role in my ethnic identity. It's always been a struggle for me to identity with my white side since I never really interacted with many whites on a family level, because of that I've always preferred to identity as a Black woman. Value preferences is the other category that has the biggest influence on my ethnic identity because the values that I chose to hold precedence are very much dependent on the principles i've learned culturally.

4. State your selections under the category of Situation-Contextual Measure and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

-Within the category of Situation-contextual Measures , home and family and education have the biggest influence on my ethnic identity. My family has always put on a big influence on education. From the time I was a young girl I can always remember many of my family members having discussions on the importance of education and being African American. I specifically remember my Aunt who raised me saying "it's difficult to succeed in America without an education" as a young girl and it's something that has stayed with me since.

3.2 MULTI-GROUP ETHNIC IDENTITY MEASURE

1. My Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure score is 42.

2. To me this score means that I have strong and higher sense of Ethnic Identity and bonding to my African American side.

3. I think that this means that I have a weak bond with the whites because my interactions with them aren't as robust as they are with my African American side.

4. To be honest nothing really surprised about the results of this analysis. I've always been highly aware of the difference in how strongly I identify with one of the ethnic groups I am mixed with in comparison to the other.

3.3 ROSENBERG'S SELF-ESTEEM Scale

1. State your score after taking the Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. 

-My score after taking the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale was a 20.

2. State what your score means to you and your understanding of your self-esteem.

To my understanding that score means that my self-esteem is fairly high.

3. State why you believe your score is the number that it is. Provide examples. 

-I believe my score is fairly high because I was raised to value myself and take pride in who I am and do my best in all that I do.

3.4: RACIAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT

1. State your stage of Racial Identity Development .

-I believe I am in the Identity foreclosure stage in life as of currently.

2.State why you think that you are in the stage that you identified.

-I believe that I'm in the identity foreclosure stage because although i have clarity about my ethnicity , I haven't truly explored how it affects my concept of self.

4. Provide an example of how you know that you have passed through the previous stages.

-I believe I've passed the identity diffusion stage because i've spent a considerable amount of time exploring my identity and have a clear understanding of identity related issues and the impact they can have on an individual.

5. State one thing that you learned from this process. 

-Through this process , i've learned that i have some work to do as it pertains to exploring the other ethnic group i belong to.

3.5: FIND YOUR RACIAL IDENTITY RESOURCE

https://www.mnsu.edu/globalassets/counseling-center/media/racial-battle-fatigue.pdf

I chose to share this resource because, sometimes I can get really exhausted with dealing with issues that surround race ,and this source shares some interesting insight on how to cope with racial trauma and racial battle fatigue.

-I believe the diversity ,and unique circumstances; for example the social and financial hardships Blacks endured that derived from slavery are what the Black family so unique. 

2.What do you think are the strengths and challenges of the Black family? Please state why you think so and provide examples. 

-I believe there are many attributes that are responsible for the strength of the Black family however there's one example in particular: strong kinship care (which involves relatives caring for children who cannot remain inside their natural homes ) that I can personally relate to very closely . Considering my parents lost custody of my siblings and I when I was young, and my father's side of my family took guardianship of us. I often remember my relatives speaking about how they didn't think twice about getting custody of my siblings and I after we were placed in DCFS 's care. Due to my sensitivity to kinship and custody , I've often played close attention whenever the topic is brought to my awareness in everyday conversation and have noticed that many times Black relatives will pick up the responsibility of caring for children that aren't necessarily theirs when needed. Outside of that one very personally relatable attribute I believe the biggest strength the Black family today is the mindfulness in best preparing their children for the real world by informing them of who they are, where they come from, what struggles they might encounter, how to best prepare themselves for those struggles and how to positively nativage themselves in a world that is still very much racially conscious. I believe the biggest challenge of the black family is due to a lack of upward mobility and single mother/never married households. Never married women have less of an economic advantage than married women, which consequently negatively impacts the upward mobility of the Black family. 

3.How do concepts such as racial socialization affect parents and children in Black families? Please explain.

-I believe racial socialization is one of the biggest components , and has the ability to affect the trajectory of the Black family the most. Racial socialization effects the black parent- child dynamic by enabling parents to provide their children with the proper problem solving and critical thinking skills necessary to address race related issues they might encounter without losing their core sense of self. 

4.Based on our reading, what factors do you think have impacted Black families the most since slavery and why?

-I believe a lack of upward mobility and single parent households has impacted the Black family the most. Two Parent households do better socioeconomically and can provide families with more resources and consequently opportunities. 

5.Search and find one academic resource that helps you understand this topic better and post it to your Padlet. State three main points from the resource and how it helps you understand this topic.

https://scholar.harvard.edu/hendren/publications/race-and-economic-opportunity-united-states-intergenerational-perspective

-I wanted to get a better understanding on how upward mobility is affected by the family dynamic and ran across this scholarly article from a Harvard professor that shed some light on the statics. Three points I learned from this resource include, one; based on parental income the difference income and wage disparity is the largest for Black men in comparison to White men, there is no such difference between Black and White women. Two; to my surprise according to this resource the marital status, education and wealth explain very little as it pertains to the Black-White wage gap. . Henderen stated "Differences in ability also do not explain the patterns of intergenerational mobility we document" which I found to be interesting . Thirdly Henderen went on to state "the Black-White gap persists even among boys who grow up in the same neighborhood. Controlling for parental income, Black boys have lower incomes in adulthood than white boys in 99% of Census tracts. However, the smallest Black-White gap is in low-poverty neighborhoods with lower racial bias among Whites and high rates of father presence among Blacks. Black men who grow up in these neighborhoods have a lower chance of ever being incarcerated but less than 5 % of these Black men grow up in such environments. 


6.State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. State its significance. 

-The one thing that stood out to me in this unit was learning about racial socialization and how vital it is for the structure of the Black family. Also I enjoyed learning about the Family based programs because it gave me a sense of relief in that although these disparities and issues persist , there are solutions in place to effectively deal with these issues in a healthy progressive manner. 

 Accessing your Padlet