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      <title>Before and Tanzimat Period Foreign Language Teaching  by Doğukan Karakaya</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:16:47 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2025-04-02 13:03:02 UTC</lastBuildDate>
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         <title>Madrasas 1331</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520006719</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In the Sahn-Seman madrasahs that Fatih the conqueror established. The majority of the texts presented are tafsir, which contains works written in Arabic on topics like al-fiqh and kalam. Sahn-Seman, which is a part of the Fatih Complex, was constructed without compromising the unity of the structure. The building of it took place between 1462 and 1470. Sahn-Sema offers structured foreign language instruction, which sets it apart from other madrasas. [1],[3]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:17:30 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520006719</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Sahn-ı Seman 1470</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520007112</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The first madrasah in the Ottoman Empire was established by Orhan Gazi in 1331 in Iznik. Fatih, Sulaymaniyah, Hagia Sophia and Beyazıt madarsas were the most well-known madarsas in the Ottoman period. All Ottoman madrasas were educational institutes run by religious foundations. Arabic education occupied the most important place in the education of these institutions. The primary purpose of Arabic education was to understand Arabic inscriptions and other sources. For this purpose, Arabic morphology and syntax were taught in Madarsas. [3]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:18:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520007112</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Encountering English Language For The First Time in Turkish History 1530s</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520013533</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>During the Ottoman Empire's and Great Britain's trading period in the 1530s, Turkish people first encountered the English language. Trading partners didn't acquire each other's languages over the course of decades of commerce; instead, they used the Greek, Jewish, and Armenian minorities in Istanbul and Izmir to act as translators. [5]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:27:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520013533</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>New Order Reform 1699</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520021344</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In the Tulip Era, which started right after the Karlowitz Peace, the Ottoman Empire was opened to the West; Ambassadors sent to Paris, Vienna, Warsaw and Russia are not only in diplomatic meetings; Along with the Western diplomacy, culture, art, industry and agriculture, they started to learn about the military and technological power of the West and to present in a report. One of the changes in this period is it was about "foreign language" learning.&nbsp;[1],[4]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:39:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520021344</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Mühendishane_i Bahr-i Hümayun 1773</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520027129</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Up until the Tanzimat, Madrasahs taught Arabic as a foreign language. In the Enderuns, Arabic and French were taught together. French was first introduced to education curricula in army institutions (Mühendishane-i Bahr-i Hümayun) following the Tanzimat, as can be seen. [1],[2]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 21:50:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520027129</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Bab-ı Ali Translation and Language Department 1821</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520036030</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The treasonous behavior of the interpreters who worked as Ottoman soldiers during the Greek Revolt, which got underway in 1821, was the impetus behind the establishment of the Babali Translation and Language Department. The Ottoman state continued to rely on these interpreters up until this point in order to keep up with events and ties in Europe. The first school in the Ottoman Empire to methodically teach a foreign language was the Babali Translation Department, which was compelled to be created in the wake of this uprising. [3]<br><br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:06:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520036030</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>The Tanzimat Era 1839</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520039295</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The Tanzimat era attempted to reinforce the social and governmental foundations of the Ottoman Empire by starting with modernization rather than radical change. Tanzimat Beginning in the second half of the 18th century, English language instruction was introduced to Turkey for the first time, marking the start of the school system's westernization. However, English instruction did not start in state schools until 1908. However, because there were few schools and most Turks were illiterate, the children of the Ottoman Empire's ethnic minorities were primarily those who got instruction in English and other languages in religiously connected, typically Protestant, groups. [3],[4]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:12:28 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520039295</guid>
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         <title>Robert College 1863</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520041452</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>A trade agreement was made between the United States and the Ottoman Empire in 1830, which launched diplomatic ties. Due to this, the Empire permitted missionaries to establish schools. As a result, Americans established the private Robert College in 1863, which welcomed its first Turkish Muslim graduate in 1903. [2]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:16:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520041452</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Galatasaray Sultanisi 1868</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520044245</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>With the founding of the Sultanis during the Tanzimat era, which is regarded as the start of the drive toward westernization, the addition of foreign language instruction in what we can call intermediate educational institutions began. Under the name of Galatasaray Sultanisi, the first of these institutions, which are recognized as today's secondary schools, began offering instruction in 1868. The primary tongue of instruction in this school, which holds the honor of being the first public institution in the country to offer foreign language instruction, was French, with French culture and France as major influences. [1],[2]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:21:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520044245</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>The Ottoman Foreign Language School 1864</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520052742</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>A language school called Lisan Mektebi was established in 1864 as a result of the lack of foreign language instruction provided by the Babali Translation Chamber and the requirement that staff members be fluent in foreign languages. It was the first institution to teach foreign languages. This institution offered classes in French, Romanian, Greek, Bulgarian, and other languages. The Sultan 2. Abdulhamid ordered that this institution teach English, Russian, and German in addition to French. [1],[3]<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:38:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520052742</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Mekteb-i Osmani 1855</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520056091</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>On the grounds that the French language taught in military schools could not be learned, a school named “Mekteb-i Osmanî” was opened in Paris in 1855 and attempts were made to improve their foreign language by sending the students sent from the medical, military and some other military schools to French military schools after high school education. [3]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:46:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520056091</guid>
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         <title>Darüşşafaka High School 1873</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520059462</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Darüşşafaka High School, which was opened in 1873, was the first Turkish private high school that was opened by the Turks and attached great importance to the teaching of French. [2]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-16 22:53:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2520059462</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>References</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521144116</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>1- Boyacıoğlu, F. (2015). The historical development of the foreign language education in<br>Ottoman Empire. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 651– 657.<br><br>2- Çakır, İ. (2007). Osmanlı'dan günümüze yabancı dil öğretimi süreci. Nüsha, 0(24), 37-<br>45.<br><br>3- Özkan, S. H. (2010). Osmanlı Devletinde Yabancı Dil Eğitimi/Foreign Language<br>Education in the Ottoman Empire, Turkish Studies, International Periodical for the<br>languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 5(3).<br><br>4- Sarıçoban, G. &amp; Sarıçoban, A. (2012). Atatürk and the history of foreign language<br>education. The Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 8(1), 24-49.<br><br>5- Sönmez, G., &amp; Köksal, O. (2022). “A Critical Overview of English Language Education<br>Policy in Turkey.” Shanlax International Journal of Education, 11(1), 1–9.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 16:36:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521144116</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>A short video about Ottoman Marasas</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521243172</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>[1]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 18:16:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521243172</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>References for Videos and Other Resources</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521245149</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>1- TRT World<br>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUC6RetN_p0<br><br>2- Choices Program<br>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJ7Am7881Q8<br><br>3- Robbert College Official Website<br>https://website.robcol.k12.tr/en/about-rc/history#:~:text=Robert%20College%2C%20located%20in%20Istanbul,College%20for%20Girls%20(ACG).</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 18:18:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521245149</guid>
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         <title>A short video about Tanzimat Era</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521246397</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>[2]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 18:19:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521246397</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>History of Robert College</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521252960</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>[3]</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 18:26:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521252960</guid>
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         <title>Prepared by Doğukan Karakaya</title>
         <author>dogukankarakaya01</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/dogukankarakaya01/p3dxekwqwbiy5qg3/wish/2521265564</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Doğukan Karakaya<br>Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University <br>ELT 2/C<br>210102079</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-03-17 18:40:27 UTC</pubDate>
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