History Chapter 2 Kochan by Olivia C Kochan

Bilingual Education Act (Title VII of ESEA) 1968

koch2206 — 2025-04-02 14:25:33 UTC

This was the first piece of federal legislation recognizing the needs of Limited English Proficient (LEP) students, providing funding for bilingual programs.

It laid the foundation for bilingual education in the U.S. by recognizing the educational challenges faced by non-English speaking students.

Lau vs Nichols 1974

koch2206 — 2025-04-02 14:27:16 UTC

A landmark Supreme Court case in which Chinese-speaking students sued the San Francisco Unified School District for failing to provide language support. The Court ruled in favor of the students stating that equal education means more than just the same resources.

Established that schools must take steps to help LEP students, leading to the development of bilingual education programs and ESL services.

Proposition 227 (California's English-Only Initiative) 1998

koch2206 — 2025-04-02 17:47:02 UTC

This California law required that all public school instruction be conducted in English, significantly reducing bilingual education programs in the state.

Marked a major rollback of bilingual education, forcing a shift toward English immersion programs, though it was later repealed in 2016.

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) 2015

koch2206 — 2025-04-02 17:55:26 UTC

Replaced No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and included provisions for English learners, emphasizing bilingual education as a means to improve academic achievement.

Strengthened support for dual-language programs and highlighted the importance of language development alongside academic achievement.

Meyer v. Nebraska (1923)

koch2206 — 2025-04-02 17:57:39 UTC

The U.S. Supreme Court struck down a Nebraska law banning the teaching of foreign languages in schools, ruling that it violated the 14th Amendment.

A pivotal case affirming the right to bilingual education and protecting linguistic diversity in the U.S.