There is a gap between the mode of assessment between in primary and in secondary education in Greece. In primary education emphasis on placed on pupils’ effort, whereas in secondary education emphasis is placed on summative assessment. Therefore there is much difference between pupils’ grades in primary and in secondary education.

three important approaches to evaluation, including summarization, formative and self-assessment. Effective assessment of core competencies should be valid, reliable and fair, and should take priority in students' acquisition of logic processes and problem-solving skills.

"All three assessment processes of/for learning and ipsative assessment need to follow the three qualities mentioned here: validity, reliability and fairness, yet classroom-based assessment, portfolios and ICT-based assessment seem to be more appropriate to capture Ss higher-order thinking skills!"
Unfortunately it is quite difficult to implement these skills in traditional marks the curriculum, the students and the parents ask for because they are used to these.

 

 The teachers in Croatia are very accustomed to the summative assessment enough to formative assessment, but very little to the self assessment. Yet the formative assessment is crucial for the achievement of competences and more the self assessment, because reflection on their own way of learning creates very strong logical connections and helps pupils to improve their learning.