2.Shape of the sund and moon

3.Disappering ships

4.Vertical/7

5.They notice the north star is closer to the horizon

2. Celestial bodies also the north star

3. Observations of celestial bodies moving in different direction

4. Eratothenius who gave the most accurate size during their time. They measure the angle of the sun ray's

5.It change their perspective from a flat to a spherical Earth. It also change they understand that every thing that they believed has to be proven.

1. Pythagoras and Aristotle argued that the earth shape.

2. The phenomenon of the celestial sphere rotating overhead suggested a spherical Earth.

3. The belief in balance led Greek thinkers to envision the Earth as a perfect sphere.

4. Greek mathematicians like Eratosthenes calculated the earth by measuring.

5. Understanding it can lead into accurate map.

2. Movement of star

3. Based on their observation of the north star and the sun and moon

4.Calculation

5.They understand that the earth is not flat it is spherical

2.Greek astronomers observed several phenomena in the sky that helped them understand that the Earth is round. One key observation was the changing positions of stars as one traveled north or south. They also noted that during lunar eclipses, the Earth's shadow on the moon was round, indicating a spherical Earth.

3.Greek thinkers believed that nature is balanced and harmonious because they observed patterns of order and symmetry in the natural world. They saw this harmony reflected in everything from the movements of celestial bodies to the proportions of the human body. This belief in harmony and balance led them to conceive of the Earth as a sphere, as they considered it to be the most perfect and natural shape.

4.Greek mathematicians used geometry to analyze the Earth's shadow during lunar eclipses, trigonometry to measure the Earth's circumference, and observations of celestial phenomena to infer its curved surface, demonstrating its roundness.

5.Understanding that the Earth is round changed the Greeks' perception of the world by influencing their navigation and exploration. They realized that by sailing west, they could reach distant lands, leading to the exploration of new territories and the expansion of trade routes.

2. by the lunar eclipse

3. movement was the main foundation of nature, truth would then be dialectic, always with two opposites relating to each other.

4. Eratosthenes then measured the angle of a shadow cast by a stick at noon on the summer solstice in Alexandria, and found it made an angle of about 7.2 degrees, or about 1/50 of a complete circle.

5. Travelers discovered that they saw different constellations as they traveled north or south.

2.Greek astronomers observed several phenomena that led them to conclude the Earth is round. Pythagoras, a philosopher and mathematician, proposed that the Earth was round around 500 BC based on his observation of the Moon's shape during its orbital cycle. He believed that if the Moon was round, then the Earth must be round as well.

3. the belief in the balance and harmony of nature supported the idea of the Earth being round by aligning with Greek philosophical principles, geometric reasoning, and observations of the natural world that suggested a spherical shape for the Earth.

4.Greek mathematicians demonstrated that the Earth is round by using numbers and shapes.

5. Greek vision of the world was greatly influenced by their knowledge that the Earth is round, which affected their travel, navigation, and scientific discoveries.

2.)During a lunar eclipse, when the Earth is between the sun and the moon, they identified the shadow of the Earth on the moon. As the shadow moves across the moon it is clearly round. This would suggest that the Earth is a sphere.

3.)Nature for the Greeks was the analysis of the laws that could be universally extracted from the observation of the natural world and their application in the political world, the polis. Nature, therefore, was a socially defined concept.

4.)By around 500 B.C., most ancient Greeks believed that Earth was round, not flat. But they had no idea how big the planet is until about 240 B.C., when Eratosthenes devised a clever method of estimating its circumference.

5.)We know that ancient Greek scientists recognized that Earth was round (spherical) by at least 2,700 years ago, because the idea of a round Earth was being taught before about 500 B.C. by the famous Greek mathematician Pythagoras (for whom the Pythagorean theorem is named.

1.Earth itself was live and had a soul

2.A shadow move across the moon it is clearly round

3.the heavens are divine, and the gods created man, well then certainly the universe must be geocentric,

4.Eratosthenes was fascinated with geography and planned to make a map of the entire world. He realized he needed to know the size of Earth. Obviously, one couldn’t walk all the way around to figure it out.

5.know that ancient Greek scientists recognized that Earth was round by at least 2,700 years ago, because the idea of a round Earth was being taught before about 500 B.C. by the famous Greek mathematician Pythagoras

2: shape of the sun and moon

3: stated that a vertical object did not cast any shadow at noon time during summer solstice. But Alexandria did not believe this because the sun during time in Alexandria was not directly overhead.

4:he found out that alexandria the sun makes an angle of 7.2 degrees from the vertical while zero degrees in cyan to explain the difference he hypthesized that the light rays coming from the sun are parallel and the earth is curved so from his measurements he computed the circumstances on the earth to be approximately 250000 standia standia means a studium okey

5: travelers discovered that they saw different constellations as they traveled north or south

1. Aristotle argued that the Earth is SPHERE due to the position of North Star, the shape of sun and moon and lastly, the disappearance of ships over the horizon and .

2. They noticed the changing position of north star when they travel— the star is closer in the equator, indicating a spherical Earth.

3. Eratosthenes comes to his hypotheses that the light rays coming from the sun is parallel indicating the Earth is sphere.

4. Eratosthenes measures the angle of the sun in Alexandria and Syene during the summer solstice and found a difference of 7.2 degrees.

5. They realized that there is more than what we know about Earth— it is much larger than they had previously thought, and that there are vast oceans and lands yet to be explored.

2: shape of the sun and moon

3: stated that a vertical object did not cast any shadow at noon time during summer solstice. But Alexandria did not believe this because the sun during time in Alexandria was not directly overhead.

4:He found out that in Alexandria the sun makes an angle of 7.2 degrees from the vertical while zero degrees in cyan.

5. The acceptance of the Earth's spherical nature drastically altered the Greeks' worldview and their perspective on travel. For instance, Aristotle's most noteworthy student estimated the Earth's total curvature to be approximately 400,000 stadia

1. The Position of the north star.

2. Greek astronomers see in the sky that helped them know the Earth is round, shape of the sun and moon.

3. They stated that a vertical object did not cast any shadow at noon time during summer solstice. But Alexandria did not believe this because the sun during time in Alexandria was not directly overhead.

4. The Greek mathematician found out that in Alexandria the sun makes an angle of 7.2 degrees from the vertical while zero degrees in cyan.

5. The way that Greeks understood the world and travel through their exploration.

2. shape of the sun and moon

3. stated that a vertical object did not cast any shadow at noon time during summer solstice. But Alexandria did not believe this because the sun during time in Alexandria was not directly overhead.

4. he found out that in Alexandria the sun makes an angle of 7.2 degrees from the vertical while zero degrees in cyan to explain the difference he hypothesized that the light rays coming from the sun are parallel and the Earth is curved so from his measurement he computed the circumference of the earth to be approximately 250,000 stadia means a stadium

5. Understand to make significant, discoveries to moving the Earth

2. he stars were the homes of bright spirits who once had lived on Earth

3. Observation of celestial bodies moving in different direction

4. Eratothenius who gave the most accurate size during their time . They measure the angle of the sun rays

1. How did ancient Greeks like Pythagoras and Aristotle argue that the Earth is round?

-Aristotle (384–322 B.C.) may have been the first to propose a spherical Earth based on empirical evidence. He enumerated various grounds in favor of a spherical Earth, including the fact that ships disappear hull first when they sail past the horizon and that Earth throws a circular shadow on the moon.

2. What did Greek astronomers see in the sky that helped them know the Earth is round?

-Empedocles and Anaxagoras made arguments in favor of the Earth's spherical shape in the fifth century B.C. They were able to discern Earth's shadow on the moon during a lunar eclipse, which occurs when Earth passes between the sun and the moon. It is evident that the shadow is spherical as it goes across the moon.

3. Why did Greek thinkers believe that nature is balanced and harmonious, and how did this idea support the Earth being round?

-The basic belief held by the Greeks was that there is an autonomous, enduring reality that merits discussion. They invented the basic idea of "nature." The Greeks called it physis, which was first utilized prominently by Heraclitus in the year 500 B.C. (The Romans rendered the word as natura.

4. How did Greek mathematicians use shapes and numbers to show the Earth is round?

-Aristarchus of Samos reasoned that he could determine the size of the Earth using information available during a lunar eclipse in the third century B.C. A translation of his work is depicted in the diagram on the right. The sun makes up the huge circle, Earth makes up the medium circle, and the moon makes up the smallest circle.

5. How did knowing the Earth is round change the way Greeks understood the world and travel?-
Geocentrism: The belief that the Earth is the center of the universe and that all other celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon, planets, and stars, rotate around it was a fundamental aspect of early Greek cosmology. This perspective was shaped by observations of the apparent motion of heavenly bodies throughout.

2.empeducles in the 5th century B.C argued for Earth's spherical shape identifying its shadow on the moon as round during lunar eclipses

3.Vertical object did not cast a shadow at noon during the summer solstice, but Alexandria dd not indirect overhead.

4.This Month in Physics History

June, ca. 240 B.C. Eratosthenes Measures the Earth

5.But over 2,000 years earlier in ancient Greece, a man arrived at nearly that exact same figure by putting a stick in the ground. That man was Eratosthenes. A Greek mathematician and the head of the library at Alexandria.

Jackielou ucab. April 17,2024

1) How did ancient Greeks like Pythagoras and Aristotle argue that the Earth is round

Ans: The position of the north star

2) What did Greek astronomers see in the sky that helped them know the Earth is round?

Ans: shape of the sun and moon

3) Why did Greek thinkers believe that nature is balanced and harmonies and how did this idea support the Earth being round?

Ans: The belief in balance led Greek thinkers to envision the Earth as a perfect spheres

4) How did Greek mathematicians use shapes and number to show the Earth is round?

Ans: Calculation

5) How did knowing the Earth is round change the way Greek understood the world and travel?

Ans: Travelers discovered that they saw different constellations as they traveled north or south