https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u The Civil War was a deadly war between the North and South that broke out in 1861. There was a big controversy over slavery at the time, and the North and the South could not decide on what to do about slavery. The North wanted slavery abolished, and the South wanted slavery to become more widespread. After many disputes over slavery, the Civil War ignited. The results of the war were devastating: There were over half a million deaths, and many others were injured. en-us 2018-04-03 20:58:58 UTC 2018-04-17 02:09:01 UTC hello@padlet.com jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248309821 Congress could not decide to let Missouri enter as a slave state, or as a free state, since it could ruin the balance of free states and slave states. However, Congress solved the problem through the Missouri Compromise, which admitted Missouri to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state. As a result, the balance of free states and slave states was preserved.

Source: http://www.compromise-of-1850.org/missouri-compromise-1820/]]> 2018-04-03 21:12:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248309821 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248315178 The issue of slavery between the North and South was settled temporarily. However, due to the Second Great Awakening, many people thought that helping to abolish slavery was doing the Lord's work. Northerners took actions to abolish slavery, while Southerners attempted to make slavery more prevalent. Disagreement over what to do about slavery caused tension between the two groups.

Source:  http://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/36690?ret=True]]> 2018-04-03 21:39:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248315178 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248334932 Many individual slaves decided to escape to freedom by running to the North. They were known as fugitive slaves. Slaveholders demanded that Congress pass a fugitive slave law allowing slaveholders to recapture their slaves.

Source:
http://www.thefacultylounge.org/2018/02/fugitive-slaves-as-constitutional-actors.html]]> 2018-04-04 00:29:09 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248334932 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248335756 President James Polk sent a bill to Congress asking for funds for the war with Mexico. David Wilmot added an amendment known as the Wilmot Proviso, to the bill, which stated that any land acquired from Mexico will not contain slavery. Southerners strongly opposed Wilmot's amendment. Wilmot's Proviso passed the House, but was rejected by the Senate.

Source: http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/polk/aa_polk_wilmot_1.html]]> 2018-04-04 00:36:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248335756 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248337083 For the next couple of years, Congress decided what to do about slavery in the new land obtained from Mexico. In 1849, California applied to admission to the Union as a free state. The North welcomed California, but the South rejected California's request, because the addition of a free state would upset the balance between slave and free states. As a result, Congress deadlocked on California's request for statehood.

Source: https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23856]]> 2018-04-04 00:45:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248337083 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248710581 Senator Henry Clay from Kentucky came up with a plan to end the deadlock over California. At first, California would be admitted as a free state. But, it would then be up to the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide whether to allow slavery. Also, Clay's plan ended the slave trade in Washington D.C. and called for passage of a fugitive slave law. Even with Senator Daniel Webster's support, Congress debated the Compromise of 1850 for a long time, but in the end, the compromise was still accepted.

Source: http://www.ushistory.org/us/30d.asp]]> 2018-04-05 00:23:24 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248710581 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248713218 The Fugitive Slave Act stated that a slaveholder could recapture a runaway slave. Anyone who helped a slave escape, or refused to help slave catchers, could be jailed. The North was unhappy about such an unjust law, and the South did not think the Fugitive Slave Act was enough to ensure the return of their escaped property.

Source: https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/mr13.socst.us.fugiact/fugitive-slave-act/#.WsVzFi7wbIU]]> 2018-04-05 00:43:58 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/248713218 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249087429 Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois introduced a bill to get a railroad built to California. In order to do this, he thought that the Great Plains must be organized into the Nebraska Territory. His final bill, known as the Kansas-Nebraska Act, created the Kansas and Nebraska territory. It also abolished the Missouri Compromise, due to the fact that settlers were allowed to decide whether slavery would be allowed in these two regions.

Source: http://www.ushistory.org/us/31a.asp]]> 2018-04-06 01:17:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249087429 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249091353 After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, many settlers settled in Kansas. Many settlers in Kansas either supported slavery, or were against it. The conflict with slavery soon turned violent. Proslavery settlers invaded Lawrence, Kansas, the home of the antislavery government. Then, two days later, an abolitionist named John Brown invaded the proslavery town of Pottawatomie, Kansas, and hacked the five men they suspected of supporting slavery, to death.

Source: http://www.blackpast.org/aaw/john-brown-s-christmas-raid-missouri-1858]]> 2018-04-06 01:53:43 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249091353 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249092753 Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts made a speech known as "The Crime Against Kansas", which angrily described Senator Stephen Douglas and the Southerner's plans to make Kansas a new slave state. Two days after the speech, Preston Brooks, who was the South Carolina representative, beat Senator Charles Sumner until he was bloody and unconscious.

Source: https://www.massmoments.org/moment-details/sumner-attacked-in-u-s-senate.html]]> 2018-04-06 02:07:22 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249092753 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249096527 Dred Scott was a slave who traveled with his owner to Wisconsin, which was a free state. Once Dred Scott returned to Missouri, he went to court to win his freedom. He said that his stay in Wisconsin for that time made him a free man. In the end, the Court had rejected Scott's argument. The Dred Scott decision also explained that African Americans would never become citizens of the United States, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

Source: http://www.ushistory.org/us/32a.asp]]> 2018-04-06 02:36:59 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249096527 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249098491 The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of political debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, on the issue of slavery in the Union.

Source:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Lincoln-Douglas-debates]]> 2018-04-06 02:54:39 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/249098491 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252383130 An abolitionist named John Brown took steps to end slavery. However, his methods were much more violent and extreme. John Brown planned to seize a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, and then arm all slaves with weapons for a rebellion that will end slavery. The raid was launched in 1859. All of Brown's men were either killed or captured, and John Brown himself was convicted of treason, and sentenced to death.

Source: https://www.nps.gov/articles/john-browns-raid.htm]]> 2018-04-17 01:14:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252383130 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252384515 The Election of 1860 had shown how divided the nation had become. All the Republicans supported Abraham Lincoln, Northern Democrats nominated Stephen Douglas, Southern Democrats favored John C. Breckinridge, and members of the Constitutional Union Party nominated John Bell. But, in the end, Abraham Lincoln was elected president with 40 percent of the votes, which were all cast in the North. He was not even on the ballot in the South. With Lincoln as president, the South feared that sooner or later, Congress would abolish slavery.

Source: http://npg.si.edu/blog/abraham-lincoln-elected-president-november-6-1860-part-one]]> 2018-04-17 01:23:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252384515 jessezhong783 https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252387361 In the weeks following the election, Southerners talked of seceding from the Union. In order to try and prevent this from happening, senators met together on December 20, 1860 to come up with a compromise to keep the nation together. However, Lincoln would not support any compromise. Additionally, on December 20, 1860, South Carolina voted to leave the Union. Several other southern states also decided to secede from the Union. Those states that seceded were know as the Confederate States of America.

Source: https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/why-did-southern-states-secede]]> 2018-04-17 01:40:16 UTC https://padlet.com/jessezhong783/opvpcfiuu78u/wish/252387361