My Journey in Science by Maria Chelsea Rapadas

Module 1 Lesson 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 06:24:59 UTC

— Looking Back

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 06:30:46 UTC

1. Breaks down the food into smaller pieces
Answer: Digestive System
2. Allows the body to take oxygen and expel
Answer: Carbon dioxide?
3. Push Blood throughout 
Answer: Heart?

— Activity 1.1

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 06:36:09 UTC

1. Study the diagram of the human respiratory system. 
2. Label the parts of the human respiratory system. Choose your answers from the word pool. 
1. Nasal Cavity
2. Pharynx 
3. Larynx 
4. Trachea 
5. Lungs 
6. Bronchi
7. Alveoli 
8. Diaphragm

— Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 06:41:01 UTC

1. What is the main function of respiratory system?
Answer: The function of respiratory system is to exchange the oxygen and carbon dioxide between the cells of the body.
2. How do lungs work? 
Answer: Lungs work through oxygen moved the bloodstream and carried through the body. 
3. What gasses are exchanged in the respiratory system?
Answer: The oxygen and carbon dioxide

— Critical Thinking

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 06:53:21 UTC

a. Earthworms
- earthworms doesn't have specialized organs like we do
b. Fish
- fishes exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping over the grills. 
c. Insects
- insects and some other invertebrates exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between their tissues and by a system of air-filled tubes called tracheae.

— Activity 1.2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 08:39:34 UTC

Key Parts - Functions
1. Alveoli - are when the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
2. Bronchi - Bronchi or Bronchioles, their function is to further inspired air and distribute it to the gas exchanging zone. 
3. Nasal Cavity - is to allow air to enter the respiratory system upon respiration. 
4. Larnyx - to protect the airway from choking on material in the throat. To regulate the form of air into our lungs. The production of sounds used in speech. 
5. Trachea - the primary function is to transport air to and from the lungs.
6. Diaphragm - the diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle that allows us to inhale and exhale. 
7. Lungs - the main function of the lungs is to process of gas exchange called resperation(or breathing).
8. Pharynx - is a both part of digestive sytem and respiratory system. There primary function is to warm and humidy air before it reaches to lungs.

— Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-04 08:49:29 UTC

1. What important role alveoli play in our body? 
: Alveoli are important part of the respiratory system whose function is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in molecules to and from the bloodstream.
2. What is the important role of diaphragm in our body?
: The diaphragm sits at the base of the chest and seperates the abdomen from the chest. It contracts and flattens when you inhale. 
3. Trace the pathway of air by naming the parts of the respiratory system which it passes.
: Pathway of air - Nasal Cavity(or oral cavity) > pharynx > trachea > primary bronchi(right and left) > secondary bronchi > tertiary bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli 
4. Modify and be creative

— Activity 1.3 Picture Product

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-08 01:54:01 UTC

MATERIALS:2-Liter Empty Plastic bottles with cap, 2 plastic drinking straws, 1 large balloon, 2 small balloons, 2 rubber bands, pair of scissors (Note: if balloons are not available plastic bag, e.g ice candy bags and sando bags can be used as alternatives for small and big balloons) 
Answers in Observations:
1. When I pull the larger balloon, the smaller balloon gets air inside, like when we are inhaling. 
2. And when I push the larger balloon, the smaller balloons are getting back to its normal size, like when we are exhaling.

— Checking Understanding

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-08 02:00:17 UTC

1. Cilia (sing-Cillium) line the nasal cavity and other respiratory tubes. Describe the function of Cilia in the respiratory tract. 
: The bronchus in the lungs are lined with hair-like projections called cilia that move microbes and debris up and out of the airways. Scattered throughout the Cilia are goblet cells that secrete mucus which helps protect the lining of the brochus and trap microorganisms. 
2. After playing basketball, Reb takes several deep and rapid breaths. After a while, he felt dizzy. Describe what happened.
: Reb becomes dizzy because he can't breathe well. Maybe he had problems in his trachea or brochi which are part of airway system.

— Module 1, Lesson 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 08:47:47 UTC

— Looking Back

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 08:51:13 UTC

1. The passage from the trachea to either left or right lung
: Bronchi
2. Also known as the windpipe
: Trachea
3. Sac of the lungs in which the exchange of gasses between the cells of the body and the external environment takes place
: Diaphragm

— Activity 2.1

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 08:58:04 UTC

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
>Main Components 
a. Heart
b blood vessels 
c. blood
> Functions
a. pumps the blood which carries gasses, nutrients, waste, and hormones. 
b. serves as passageways for blood. 
c. circulates the 3 pathways. 
• Types of Vessels 
 arteries, veins, capillaries 
• Types of Circulation 
Pulmonary, Systematic, Coronary

— Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 09:03:05 UTC

1. What are the main parts of circulatory system?
》heart, blood, blood vessels
2. What are the main functions of circulatory system?
》heart pumps the blood 
》blood circulates the 3 pathways
》blood vessels : arteries = carry oxygen-rich blood away from heart, : veins = carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart : capillaries = sites of gas exchange

— Critical Thinking

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 09:15:14 UTC

1. How do you think our circulatory system differ to that of an earthworm?
> They have a closed circulatory system, but they don't have a true heart. Instead  earthworms have 5 aortic arches, which are vessels that function similarly to a heart, pumping blood to the dorsal and ventral blood vessels.

Activity 2.2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-09 09:31:52 UTC

1. Right Atrium
- The right upper chamber of the heart
- Receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the vena cava and pumps it into the right ventricle which then sends it to the lungs to be oxygenated. 
2. Right Ventricle 
- is the most anterior of the 4 heart chambers. Receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary circulation. 
3. Left Atrium
- receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it down into the left ventricle which delivers it to the body. 
4. Left Ventricle 
- located in the bottom left portion of the heart below the left atrium, separated by the mitral valve.
5. Pulmonary Artery
- carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. 
6. Aorta 
-is the main artery that carries blood away from your heart to the rest of your body.

— Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-12 03:30:04 UTC

Answers: 
1. The right side of your heart receives oxygen-poor blood from your veins up and pumps it to your lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxides. 
2. The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body while a pump is a device which moves fluids by mechanical action. 
3. Blood enters the heart through 2 large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium. As the Atrium contracts blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve.

— Modify and be Creative

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-12 03:35:13 UTC

Like the human heart, the chicken heart has four chambers - a right atrium and ventricle which receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the lungs and a left atrium and ventricle which receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it to the body. Birds have a much higher metabolic rate than humans.

— Activity 2.3 Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-12 04:24:07 UTC

1. How do lungs and heart work together?
: The heart and the lungs work together to make sure the body has the oxygen-rich blood it needs to function properly. 
2. Why is the blood from the heart should be transported to the lungs?
: The pulmonary artery channels oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle into the lungs, where oxygen enters the blood stream.
3. How does the respiratory system work together with the circulatory system?
: The respiratory system works directly with the circulatory system to provide oxygen to the body.

— Applying Inquiry Skills

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-12 04:27:27 UTC

Rolando has a chest wound. The attending nurse notices that rolando is breathing rapidly and gasping for breath. 
1. Why does Rolando's breathing rate increase?
: Maybe Rolando has complication in his respiratory system.
2. Why does he gasp?
: Maybe he has complication in his lungs.

— Checking your Understanding

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-10-12 04:32:10 UTC

1. How does the structure of Capillaries compare to that of arteries and veins?
: The function of arteries and veins is to carry blood over relatively long distances from one organ to another, where as capillaries from branching networks to carry blood over relatively short distances within organs. 
2. What are valves in heart for?
: Blood passes through a valve before leaving each chamber of the heart. The valves prevent the backward flow of blood.

— Module 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 12:04:29 UTC

1. Activity 1 Part 1 screenshot na may sagot pwede mag insert shape BOX at CIRCLE no fill

— Activity 4

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 12:45:36 UTC

To show prevention and detection of a disease of either the respiratory system or circulatory system, the learner may use only ONE method from the list below and upload his/her output for evaluation: 
a. Draw a poster and include a slogan

— Checking your Understanding

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 12:58:53 UTC

1. How do Circulatory and Respiratory Systems work together?
: We breathe 17,000 times per day. Blood, Heart, and Lungs work together to sustain life. Gas enters cells by diffusing in from their surroundings. And that only happens efficiently over tiny distances. So for oxygen rich the cells within our body it needs a tranportation network. This is where our 20 trillion red blood cells come in. The human heart pumps average of about 100,000 times per day. Human blood is red although is in the blood. 
2. Why is it important to take care of these body systems?
: It is important to take care of these systems because if one them get damaged your body will also in danger. And also because they fight and protect the body from disease and harms.

— Module 5

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 14:57:47 UTC

Activity 4: Endangered Species 
Common name: Philippine Eagle 
Scientific name: Pithecophaga Jefferyi 
Habitat: Terrestrial Ecosystem 
Facts about them: It preys on monkeys, snakes, and birds. Males are smaller than females. Length is 2 to 3 feet. 
Ways to save them: 1.) protect them and there habitat. 2.) Save them and help them. 
Reasons why they are Endangered: due to hunting, trapping and destruction of habitat.

— Check your Understanding

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:05:20 UTC

1. Why is biodiversity important 
• Biodiversity is important because it maintains the balance in an ecosystem and to support the economy 
2. The Philippines is rich in terms of plants and animals. Why are plants and animals becoming endangered?
• Because humans abused it, they doesn't care about the surroundings. They destroy the habitats of the animals and also they cut trees. 
3. What are the environmental problems that you have learned? Name at least two. How can you solve these two problems? 
• That we must take care of our environment, do not abuse it because at the end of the day, we humans will suffer what we've done to our environment. 
• We should take care of what we have, we should let animals live on their own. We must plant more plants and trees.

— Module 6

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:08:48 UTC

— Looking back

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:15:26 UTC

1. What gas do plants give off?
: Oxygen
2. What gas do plants take in?
: Carbon Dioxide 
3. What gas do animals give off?
: Carbon Dioxide 
4. What gas do animals take in?
: Oxygen

— Table 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:27:19 UTC

» Spongy Mesophyll - Gasses dissolve in this water as they move into and out of the cells. When the plant is photosynthesising during the day, these features allow carbon dioxide to diffuse into the spongy mesophyll cells, and oxygen to diffuse out of them. 
» Palisade Mesophyll - found in the mesophyll of a leaf; is to absorp the light so that photosynthesis can take place. 
» Stomata - contro the exchange of gasses–most importantly water vapour. 
» Veins ‐ supports the circulation by conveying blood to heart. 
» Epidermis - provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.

— Table 2 and Questions

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:39:57 UTC

a. Grana - are stacks of structures called thylakoids
b. Stroma - the support tissue of an epithelial organ, tumor, gonad etc.
c. Thylakoid - are internal membranes of chloropaths and cyanobacteria and provide the platform for the light reactions of photosynthesis. 

Questions: 
1. What will happen if plant do not have the green pigment chlorophyll?
: it will not be able to use photosynthesis

2. If the stomata wil not open at all, what do you think will be its effect?
: there will be no exchange of gases if stomata is closed.

— Act. 4.2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:46:25 UTC

1. Need light
2. don't need light 
3. grana
4. stroma
5. ATP
6. NADPH
7. Glucose

— Act. 4.3 Questions only

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 15:53:39 UTC

1. What is the use of the ethyl alcohol in the experiment?
• Ethyl alcohol was used to kill the plant cell and remove the chlorophyll.
2. What is the use of iodine in the experiment?
• Iodine solution is an indicator for presence of starch in leaves.
3. What does the presence of blue-black color in leaf after covering it with iodine indicate?
• The blue-black color in leaf indicates the pressure of starch. 
4. Explain what will happen to mankind if there were no green plants at all?
• People need plants to live. Whne green plants make food, they give off oxygen. This is a gas that all animals must breathe in order to stay alive. Without plants, animals would have no oxygen to breathe and would die.

— Act. 4.4

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 16:00:30 UTC

1. How can the intensity of light affects the rate of photosynthesis?
~ The lower the intensity of light, the lower is the rate of photosynthesis, and vice-versa.

2. Explain the effect of high carbon dioxide concentration to the rate of photosynthesis?
~ Increasing carbon dioxide concentration leads to an increase in the rate of photosynthesis. 

3. In what way does temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis?
~ Photosynthesis occur best in certain optimum range of temperature. 

4. Explain how the availability of water increases or decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis?
~ When there is a reduced water intake, the stomata begins to close to avoid loss of water.

— Checking your Understanding

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-08 16:12:42 UTC

1. Write the summary equation of photosynthesis. From this, point out the products that are importance to the ecosystem.
• Lower Costs • Sustainable to he World • Healthier Living • Better Quality of Life • Recycled • Reusable • Lower Maintenance • Cost-Savings on Energy Bills. 

2. What do you think will happen to the plant's production of high energy sugars if carbon dioxide is completely removed from the plant's environment?
• More sugars will be produced, Carbon Dioxide does not effect the production of high-energy sugars in plants. 

3. How can greenhouses increase the rate of photosynthesis?
• Greenhouses can have artificial light so that photosynthesis can continue beyond daylight hours, or at a higher than normal light intensity.

— DNA MODEL

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-09 18:37:35 UTC

— Photosynthesis

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-12 12:28:24 UTC

1. Carbon Dioxide
2. Oxygen 
3. Glucose
4. NADPH
5. Autotraph
6. Water
7. Calvin Cycle
EXPERIMENT: #1
1. What will happen to the leaf?
2. I think it will float
3. I will figure it by observing
4. (drawing)
5. There was a bubbles around the leaf. And also in the bottom but only few
6. Therefore, leaf is floating with bubbles inside it.

EXPERIMENT # 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2020-12-12 12:43:11 UTC

1. Is there a bubbles if the experiment doesn't expose to sunlight?
2. Maybe it will have bubbles inside
3. Prepare the materials, and do experiments
4. (draw)
5. There is no bubbles inside the glass because photosynthesis can't slip apart
6. draw

ATOMIC THEORY POEM

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-16 08:41:52 UTC

All matter around us
is made of invisible tiny particles 
said by the great philosopher 
He is Democritus

We also have Dalton's theory
the English school teacher in 1803
Atoms of one element are identical he said,
while organs of different elements are different.

The English Chemist in 1839
He's name is Michael Faraday
said that the structure of atom
is related to electricity.

English Physicist in 1896
Discovered atoms have negative particles 
called Electrons
His name is JJ Thomson.

Robert Milikan in 1909
Measured the charge of an electron using oil droplets,
Rutherford's Nucleus Theory
positive charge is not like pudding but concentrated in the nucleus.
 
Henry Mosely, English Scientist
and Rutherford's student
He said each element contains a unique
number of protons.

Niels Bohr in 1911
a Danish physicist 
he said electrons orbit the nucleus 
energy of the electrons is quantisized

Louis de Broglie and Schrodinger in 1924, 
the french graduate student
they said electrons occupy orbitals
Orbitals are nothing like orbits.

HOME-BASED WEEK 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-16 08:54:46 UTC

IV.
1.)✖
2.)✔
3.)✖
4.)✔
5.)✔
V. 
•Phosphorus-[Ne]3s²3p³-5 Valence-period 3- Group 15 (VA)- p block
•Iodine-[Kr]4d10 5s2 5p5-7 Valence-period 5- Group 17(Vlla)- p block
•Potassium-[Ar]4s¹-19 Valence- period 4- Group 1(la)-s block

ASYNCHRONOUS ACTIVITY

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 07:32:49 UTC

Q13: Do you see patterns in the distribution of their electrons?
• Yes
Q14: What are these patterns you have observed?
• Patterns in the electron configuration 
Q15: What do you think are some rules that apply in filling up the orbitals for the elements from atomic number 1 to 10?
• depends on the maximum number of electrons.

SUMMATIVE TEST

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 07:38:57 UTC

1. A
2. C
3. B2p
4. C
5. A
6. D 
II. 
; Carbon - 1s²2s²2p²
; Calcium - 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵
; Chlorine - 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵
; Aluminum - 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹
; Titanium - [Ar]3d2 4s²

CHEMICAL BONDS AND IONS

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 07:54:55 UTC

1. 
> sodium (Na)
> Neon (Ne)
> Argon (Ar)
> Calcium(Ca)
> Chlorine(Cl)
Q9: 
METALS
Q10:
METALS
Q11: 
Ionic bonds are formed through the exchange of valence electrons between atoms, typically a metal and a non-metal. 
Q12:
After Ionic bonding the atoms are stable because the metal transfer its whole gas configuration
Q13: 
Non-metals are stronger than the metals and can get electrons very easily from the metal.

METALLIC PROPERTY

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 08:04:22 UTC

high melting points - have strong intermolecular forces between atoms 
good conductors of electricity - the more the electrons in a metal, the greater its conductivity. 
good conductors of heat - if you heat one end of a picture of copper, the other end will quickly reach the same temperature. 
malleable - capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers. 
ductile - able to be drawn out into a thin wire.

MATERIAL - TYPE OF CHEMICAL BONDS

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 08:18:51 UTC

BH3(Borane) - Polar Covalent Bond
CaF2(Calcium Flouride) - Ionic Bond 
KCL (Potassium Chloride) - Ionic Bonding 
Al( Aluminum Foil) - Metallic Bonds
Cu(Copper Wire) - Metallic Bonding 
I2 (Iodine Gas) - Non-polar covalent bond 
CO (Carbon Monoxide)- Covalent Bond
4. Melts when heated
Salt ✔
Sugar ✔
Vetsin ✔
Candle Wax ✔
5. Souble in water
Salt ✔
Sugar ✔
6. 
Salt 
7)COMPOUND - TYPE OF COMPOUND
Salt - Ionic Compound
Sugar - Polar Covalent Compound 
Vetsin - Ionic Compound 
Candle Wax - Non - Polar Covalent

QUARTER 2 WEEK 4

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 10:44:33 UTC

1. Octane Structure 
2. 3-heptene
3. Alkynes

NAME OF THE FOLLOWING

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 10:46:15 UTC

1. Alkenes
2. Alkynes
3. 2-Nonyne

NAME OF THE FOLLOWING

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 10:47:30 UTC

1. Tertiary Alcohol
2. Secondary Alcohol

ASSIGNMENT

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 10:50:23 UTC

ASSIGNMENTS 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 10:53:10 UTC

PRODUCTS THAT CONTAINS ALCOHOL (2nd Grading)

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 11:00:30 UTC

GUIDE QUESTIONS

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-01-30 11:01:39 UTC

Q24: 
Water and alcohols have similar properties because water molecules contain hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and with alcohol molecules, and likewise alcohol molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other alcohol molecules as well as with water.

PERFORMANCE TASK

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-02-08 05:38:01 UTC

1. FRUIT SALAD
- 1 can (507 grams) Fruit Cocktail
- 1 small can (390 grams) Condensed Milk 
- 1 all purpose cream (250 ml) 
- 1 sachet (25 grams) gulaman powder
2. CLASSIFY
- Fruit Cocktail 
: Ionic Compound 
- Condensed Milk
: Polar Covalent Compound 
- All purpose Cream
: Nonpolar Covalent Compound 
- 1 sachet Powder Gulaman
: Nonpolar Covalent Compound 
- Shredded buko
: Nonpolar Covalent Compound 
3. FINISH PRODUCT

PERFORMANCE TASK

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-02-24 08:38:19 UTC

Activity # 2: GUIDE QUESTIONS 
1. Which of the following has the highest percent composition? lowest composition?
- There is no highest and lowest composition because they have the same number of ingredients so the composition percentage are the same. 
2. Compare your table to other groups. Did you have the same percentage compositions for every ingredient?
- The yellow and red of Kara Kashio from the group of John Alonzo, we have the same number of ingredient. 
3. What do you think about the process on how the ingredients were made?
- the process are: 1st, wash your hands. 2nd, get a clean plate. 3, open the pack and lastly seperate per component.

GROUP ACTIVITY: ENDORPHINS

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-02-28 05:54:01 UTC

CAMPAIGN VIDEO 2nd Quarter

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-02-28 12:27:15 UTC

Mole Concept

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 05:11:05 UTC

What's More (picture) 
What I have Learned
1. atoms
2. 31.9988
3. Ion
What I can Do
Substance - representative particle - molar mass - number of particles 
1. Mercury - atoms - 200.59u - 200g/mole
2. Nitrogen gas - moles - 14.0067 - 28g/mole
3. Sucrose - molecules/moles - 342.3g/mol - 342g/mole
Assessment: 
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. D

SCIENCE QUARTER 3 - WEEK 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 05:51:23 UTC

Pretest
1. Which refers to a hot molten rock which comes out from the volcano?
a. magma
2. Which of the following parts is the passage through which magma travels up? 
a. conduit
3. These are small parts of lava or rocks which are shot in the air during eruption. 
a. pyroclastics
4. Which statement about lava flow is accurate?
c. They cool down and change into magma
5. Which of the following types of volcano will form in an explosive tephra eruption and lava hardens into a material called tephra?
b. cinder cone

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
1. Ash cloud
2. Crater
3. Magma
4. Lava
5. Summit 
6. Dike
7. Throat
8. Vent
9. Conduit

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Volcanic Parts
1. MAGMA CHAMBER - g. a storage of magma in the volcano 
2. CRATER - e. mouth of the volcano that surrounds the vent 
3. MAGMA - c. hot molten rock with silica and gases found beneath the surface of the earth 
4. VENT - b. an opening in the volcano in which lava comes out 
5. LAVA - a. hot molten rock ejected from a volcano 
6. ASH - d. a small volcanic material with a size of less than 2 millimeters and released in air by explosion 
7. CONDUIT - f. a passage or pipe in the volcano where magma travels up 

Activity 2: Identifying Concepts
1. Composite 
2. Lava
3. Magma Chamber
4. Active 
5. Potentially Active
6. Ring of Fire
7. Shield
8. Krakatoa
9. Inactive 
10. Mayon
11. Conduit
12. Magma

Activity 3: Shape of Volcanic Cones (picture)

WEEK 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 05:58:57 UTC

Activity 4: Volcanoes Word Search

WEEK 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 05:59:16 UTC

Checking Your Understanding 
1. What are the different parts of Volcano?
• Sill 
• Dike
• Crater 
• Lava 
• Vent 
• Ash Cloud
• Magma 
• Summit 
• Ash 
• Throat 
• Conduit 
2. How can you differentiate magma from lava?
• Magma is a hot molten rocks under the surface of the earth while the lava is a not magma which erupts from a volcano 
3. How do volcanic eruptions affect the structures or landforms?
• Volcanoes also build landforms far from their vents through the spread petrification of their magma and other pyroclastic materials. 

POST TEST
1. a
2. c
3. b
4. c
5. c
6. c
7. a
8. d
9. d
10. b

INTEGRATIVE PERFORMANCE TASK - WEEK 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 05:59:36 UTC

Create a video presentation which will show the measurement of the slope of the volcanic cone that resulted after a volcanic eruption

WEEK 3 / LAS 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 06:00:41 UTC

I. (Picture Below)

II. 
A. Vulcanian
B. Plinian
C. Pelean

1. Explosive Eruption 
2. Plinian Eruption 
3. Effusive Eruption 
4. Vulcanian Eruption

III. 
•Explosive Eruption - a
•Violent Eruption - c 
•Silent Eruption - b 

IV. 
1. Fact 
2. Bluff 
3. Fact 
4. Bluff 
5. Fact 

V.
— D - C - A - B - E

WEEK 3 / LAS 1

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 06:01:13 UTC

Crossword : 6 material emissions of Taal Volcano

Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
— It can effect our respiratory system
— It can cause vehicle accidents 
— Impact on climate change 
— can also cause burns and injuries

WEEK 3 LAS 2

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 06:04:54 UTC

I. Crosswords
1. Generator
2. Earth
3. Steam
4. Electricity
5. Geothermal Limes
6. Volcano
7. Albay
8. Pacific
9. Renewable
10. Philippines

II. LOCATE THE LOCATIONS (PICTURE)
Guide Questions:
a. What landforms can be found near geothermal power plant?
— All volcanoes that are mentioned
b. How is geothermal energy related to volcanoes?
— Because volcanoes is the source of geothermal energy.
c. How is energy from the volcanoes generate electricity?
— Geothermal energy uses the heat trapped beneath the Earth's surface to generate electricity.
d. Why is geothermal energy renewable?
— Because its source is the almost unlimited amount of heat generated by the Earth's core.
e. What makes the Philippines as one of the world's top producer of the geothermal power?
— The Philippines is one of the world's top producers of geothermal power, as it is located along the Ring of Fire zone of Pacific volcanoes.

III.
1. D.Injection Well
2. B. Turbine
3. A. Condenser
4. F. Generator
5. C. Heat Pump

IV.
The heat is used from the Earth's interior - Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface - The steam spins the turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces electricity - Cooling tower cools the steam which it condenses back to water - The cooled water is pumped back to the Earth - The process will start again.

ADVANTAGES:
• Geothermal energy is renewable
• It came from natural resources
• Can be replenish
• environmental friendly
DISADVANTAGES
• Expensive
• can affect the stability of the land
• it scapes towards the surface of the Earth
• hard to come because of the location of the place.

WEEK 4

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 06:05:37 UTC

Action Plan Group Video 
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1F-faRdNVAOHOYUgTJEvY1NBKWGTWhpNa/view?usp=drivesdk

Week 5 / LAS 3

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-04-19 06:07:46 UTC

Guide Questions:
1) When Anna went to the Philippines, she experienced a sudden temperature change. What factors affects its climate change?
; it is caused by many natural factors. Including changes in sun, emissions from volcanoes, weathers and the temperature of every place she goes.
2) How does latitude affect the climate in relation to Anna's travelling experience?
; the Latitude's affect in Anna's travelling experience is the location. The more rays of sun are least, the more are is covered with ice and snow.
3) How did Sierra Madre Mountain ranges help minimize the impact of the typhoon? Site the factors.
; The Sierra Madre has been called the backbone of Luzon for a reason-aside from the way it stretches along the eastern coast of Luzon like a spine keeping the country upright. Its true function is to act as nature's shield against the onslaught of super typhoon and storm surges.
4) How do you compare climate on land and climate on the sea?
; It was warmer on land farther than the sea.
5) Why do you think some locations that are distant from bodies of water have extreme climate?
; Large bodies of water, such as oceans seas and large lakes, can affect the climate of an area. Because heats and cools more slowly tah landmasses.

Deforestation
- I could plant more tress
- The government could create a law to stop cutting trees
- The world could be more better if we plant trees
Burning Fossil Fuel
- I could tell everyone to stop burning fossil fuels - The world could be more healthier if we stup burnimg fuels
Vehicle Pollution
- I could tell everyone to just walk or run becaus vehicles are caused of pollution
- The government could stop vehicle pollution by telling people to reuse and recycle
- The world could be more clean if vehicle pollution will stop.
Quarrying
- I could say that Quarrying is good, but we should also not abused it.
- The government could be support amd have plans about Quarrying
- The world could be more resourceful if we do Quarrying

Week 6 Mitigation

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-02 16:10:49 UTC

https://twitter.com/incorrectchels/status/1388887350860599301?s=09

Week 7 / LAS 4 CONSTELLATION

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-04 12:28:35 UTC

A. Stargazing
1. Orion - is a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world. It is one of the most conspicuous and recognizable constellations in the night sky. It is named after Orion, a hunter in Greek mythology. It's brightest stars are blue white Rigel and red Betel geuse.
2. Pegasus - is a constellation in the Northern sky, named after the winged horse Pegasus in Greek mythology. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy. And is one of the 88 constellations recognised today.
3. Lyra - is a small constellation. It is one of the 48 listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and is one of the modern 88 constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union.
4. Cancer -is one of the 12 constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for crab and it is commonly represented as one. It's astrological symbol is ♋.

B. Let's identify them!
• Cancer - June
• Leo - July to August
• Hydra - April
• Orion - November to February
• Taurus - May 14 to June 21
• Aquarius - January 19 to February 18
• Pegasus - October
• Andromeda - November
• Lyra - August
• Hercules - July

GUIDE QUESTIONS :
1. What constellation can be seen during the months of March, June, September, and December?
— Spring constellations are the constellations that are best seen in evening night sky from late March to late June in the Northern hemisphere and from late September to late December in the Southern hemisphere. The most prominent Northern spring constellations are Ursa Major, Boõtes, Leo, Cancer, Virgo and Hydra.
2. Why can we not see the same constellation throughout the year?
— If observed through the year, the constellation shift gradually to the west. This is caused by Earth's orbit around our Sun. In the summer, viewers are looking in different direction in space at night than they are during the winter.
3. To what direction do constellation seem to move?
— As the Earth rotates with an axis that is pointed in the direction of the North Star, stars appear to move from East to West in the sky.
4. Cite two importance of constellations
— Constellations are useful because they can help people to recognize stars in the sky. By looking for patterns, the stars and constellations had uses in ancient times. They were used to help keep track of the calendar.

FOURTH GRADING SCIENCE

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-24 08:34:18 UTC

Week 1 - Projectile Motion

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-24 08:46:35 UTC

I. Understanding Projectile Motion
A.
1. Horizontal Velocity
2. Projectile Motion
3. Height
4. Range
5. Vertical Velocity
6. Trajectory
B. Questions
1. Which of the two coins reached the floor first? Explain.
• The Coin A reached the floor first because of the acceleration and initial velocity.
C. (Picture)
II. (also in the picture)
Answer the Following :
— Describe the path taken by the projectile
• All projectiles take a parabolic path and all the path taken by a projectile is called its trajectory
— Is projectile motion one dimensional? Explain.
• Yes, Because of the object's velocity changes with time and also the directions for the velocity and acceleration vectors to point in.
— What Force/s is/are acting on a projectile?
• The only force acting upon a projectile is gravity.
— Compare the horizontal and vertical motion of the projectile
• There is a major difference between the vertical and the horizontal motion of a projectile. This is that the vertical motion is changing, but the horizontal motion is constant

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-24 09:52:07 UTC

Problem Solving (Picture)

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-24 10:36:40 UTC

III. Projectile at an Angle, Answer the Following and Problem Solving are in the picture.
Questions:
1. At what angle will the projectile have the same range when thrown at an angle of 15°? 30°?
• Angle 75°
2. What launch angle will have the same range as a projectile launched at 20°?
• Angle 30°
3. In the absence of air resistance, at what angle should the projectile be launched to get the maximum range?
• Angle 75°
4. In a sport like Javelin throw, at what angle should you launch the spear to reach the farthest distance?
Angle 45°

Week 2 - Coin Experiments

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-05-25 14:22:13 UTC

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1QJ0Wj5VPDVcOUZrZ1sRqW76vdGVVRp-KVkUoZIGe_-E/edit?usp=drivesdk

Week 3 Assignment

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-07 13:01:10 UTC

Activity Card I
1. Fire
2. House
3. Speedometer
Assessment Card I
4. Traffic light
5. box
6. cross
Activity Card II
1. >
2. >
3. >
Activity Card III
1. Elastic
2. Inelastic
3. Collision
4. Impulse
Assessment Card II
• 2.0 × 15 = 30 mv
• 6.6 Impulse
• Contact Force
Enrichment Task (Picture)

Week 4 (LAS 2)

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-16 10:58:28 UTC

I. MOMENTUM (PICTURE)
Guide Questions:
1. If the mass and the momentum of an object are given, how do we find the value for its velocity
- Momentum is directly proportional to the object's mass and also its velocity. Also the greater an object's mass or the greater its velocity, the greater its momentum p is a vector having the same direction as the velocity.
2. How does the value of the velocity of a person at rest affect his/her momentum?
- Momentum is directly proportional to the object's mass and also its velocity. And the greater an object's mass or the greater its velocity, the greater its momentum.
3. Which would be harder to stop, a rolling ball or an airplane taking off? why?
- The airplane is harder to stop because it has more force and mass compared to a ball.

II. IMPULSE
Situation: A car was heading towards a wall. It applied 140 N of Force in its brakes until it comes to a stop.
Guide Questions:
1. How long was the time it took for the car to stop completely?

• It took 10 seconds to stop.
2. How much impulse was experienced by the car during the application of brakes?
• 1400 impulse

III. CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
Situation 1 : Ball B is at rest
1. What will be the velocity of Ball B after, if:
a. the collision is perfectly elastic
G - v1i = 2.5m/s, m1 = 4kg
R - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly elastic collision.
E - m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f
Substitute - (4kg) (2.5m/s) + (4kg) (0) + (4kg) (v2f)
Factor Out - 10kg.m/s + 0 = 0 + (4kg) (v2f)
Simplify - 10kg.m/s / 4kg = (v2f) (10m/s) / 4 = (v2f) 2.5 m/s = (v2f)
A - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly elastic collision is 2.5m/s

b. The collision is perfectly inelastic
G - V1i = 2.5m/s m1 = 4kg, V2i = 0m/s, or m2 = 4kg
R - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly inelastic collision.
E - m1v1i + m2v2i = m1vf + m2vf
Substitute - (4kg) (2.5m/s) + (4kg) (0) = m1vf + m2vf
Factor Out - (10kg.m/s) + 0 = vf (m1+m2) (10kg. m/s) + 0 = vf (4kg+4kg)
Simplify - (10kg.m/s) = vf (8kg)
Cancel and Divide - (10kg.m/s) / (8kg) = vf (10m/s) / (8) = vf 1.5m/s = (vf)
A - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly inelastic collision is 1.5m/s

Situation 2: Ball B travels twice the velocity of Ball A. What will be the velocity of Ball B after; if the collision is perfectly elastic, if:
a. The collision is perfectly elastic
G - V1i = 2.5m/s , m1 = 4kg, V2i = 5m/s, m2 =4kg
R - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly elastic collision.
E - m1v1i + m2v2i = m1vf + m2vf
Substitute - (4kg) (2.5m/s) + (4kg) (5m/s)
Simplify and Factor Out - V2i = (2) 4kg / 4kg + 4kg 2.5m/s 4kg-4kg / 4kg + 4kg 5m/s
Add - V2f = 2.5m/s
A - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly elastic collision is 2.5m/s

b. The collision is perfectly inelastic
G - V1i = 2.5m/s, m1 = 4kg, V2i = 5m/s, m2 = 4kg
R - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly inelastic collision
E - m1v1i + m2v2i = vf (m1+m2)
Substitute - (4kg) (2.5m/s) + (4kg) (5m/s) = vf (4kg+4kg)
Factor Out and Add - (10kg.m/s) + (20kg.m/s) = vf (8kg)
(30kg.m/s) = vf (8kg)
Cancel and Divide - (30kg.m/s) / (8kg) = vf
(30m/s) / (8) = vf
3. 75m/s = (vf)
A - The velocity of Ball B after a perfectly inelastic collision is 3.75m/s

A 0.95 kg of a pistol, initially at rest, shoot a bullet with a mass of 2kg. After firing, the bullet travels at a speed of 140m/s.
Guide Questions:
1. What will be the recoil velocity of the gun after firing?
0.95 (0) + 0,002 (0) = 0.95 V1f + 0.002 (140)
0 + 0 = 0.95 V1f + .280
- 0.280 / 0.95 = 0.95 V1f / 0.95
V. C = 0.29m/s

Week 5 Conservation of Mechanical Energy

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-24 15:16:02 UTC

I. Conservation Of Mechanical Energy (Picture)
Answer in Guide Questions:
1. No. It didn't change because according to the principle of conservation of mechanical energy, the mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant in time, as long as the system is free of friction and other non conservative forces.
2. As the ball fall towards the ground, its gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
3. When the ball is on the ground, the kinetic energy is increasing, while the potential energy is decreasing.
4. The gravitational potential energy of an object is directly proportional to its height above the zero position, a doubling of the height will result in doubling of the gravitational energy.
5. Kinetic Energy is proportional to the velocity squared, increases in velocity will have an exponentially greater effect on translational energy.

II. Calculating the Potential, and Kinetic Energy
• Point B
E = PE + KE = 1883.52 to E = 1883.52 J
PE = 1883.52 J
PEgrav = mgn
PEgrav = (60.0kg) (9.81m/s) (3.2m)
PEgrav = 1883.52 J
KE = ½ mv²
0 = ½ (60.0kg) v²
0 = 30v²
0/30 = 30v²/30
0 = v²
square root 0 = square root v²
v = 0 = v
KE = ½ (60kg) (0)²
KE = OJ
• Point D
E = PE + KE
PE = OJ
PEgrav = mgn
PEgrav = (60.0kg) (9.81m/s) (0m)
PEgrav = OJ
KE = ½ mv²
0 = ½ (60.0kg) v²
0 = 30v²
0/30 = 30v²/30
0 = v²
square root 0 = square root = v²
v = 0 = v
KE = ½ (60kg) (0)²

III. Real-Life Conservation of Mechanical Energy
a. Kicking a ball - your muscles move your leg. Your foot kicks the ball, and the ball gains Kinetic Energy from the kick. The leg has a Potential Energy to kick the ball which is converted to Mechanical Kinetic Energy allowing the person to swing their leg and kick the ball, meaning their leg does work on the ball.
b. Biking downhill - when you ride a bike, the muscle energy is converted mainly into Mechanical Energy. Unfortunately friction will produce heat and sound and also will reduce the amount of energy that you have.
c. Riding a swing - swings work by converting Potential Energy into Kinetic Energy then Kinetic Energy back into Potential Energy over and over again. The higher you go on the swing the more potential energy you have.

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-25 08:02:44 UTC

Transformation of Energy (Pictures)
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Tzc4VV2g5j2kVm2q_PmhNqAm3GaaOUkCIobYPZQGkRw/edit?usp=drivesdk

Week 6 - LAS 3

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-25 08:05:48 UTC

HEAT AND WORK
I. Analyzing Heat and its Effect
1. What letter represents the:
a. source of the heat - c
b. system - b
c. the location where work is done by the system - a
2. What happens to the temperature when the heat is applied? What does it suggest about the internal energy of the system?
- When a system absorbs or loses heat, the average Kinetic Energy of the molecules will change. Also, heat transfer results in a change in the system's temperature as long as the system is not undergoing a phase change
4. After some time, the pinwheel starts to pin. What caused the pinwheel to spin?
- Heat. The heat produced energy which caused the pinwheel to move and spin
5. What is the effect of adding heat on the internal energy of the system?
- The internal energy is equal to the heat of the system. The surrounding heat increased, so the heat of the system decreases because heat is not created nor destroyed
6. What is the effect of adding heat on the work done by the system?
- When heat is added to a system it makes the temperature go up. If you add heat to a solid it becomes liquid. When you add heat to a liquid it becomes a gas.

II. Internal Energy, Heat and Work (Picture)

Think and Analyze - Yes

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-25 08:52:10 UTC

Construct a model to demonstrate that heat can do work
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1c_bVWhsmaIl3gn-dBMLzenNZaozYLo7l1c1dueOCjAE/edit?usp=drivesdk

- The primary method of heat transfer when ironing clothes is conduction. The iron heats up very quickly because it is metal, which is a good conductor.
- Ironing is the use of a machine, usually a heated tool (an iron), to remove wrinkles from fabric. The heating is commonly done to a temperature of 180–220 °Celsius (356-428 Fahrenheit), depending on the fabric. Ironing works by loosening the bonds between the long-chain polymer molecules in the fibers of the material.
- The iron is pre-heated up to its selected working temperature. The iron is applied directly to the upper textile surface of the item being pressed, so heat is transferred into the material by conduction. If it is being used, steam aids the transfer of heat by penetrating into the structure of the textile yarns.

Week 7 - LAS 4

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-28 07:35:03 UTC

How does Heat Engine Work (picture)
Guide Questions:
1. What happens to the temperature of the air-fuel mixture during the compression stage? During this process, is work done on the air-fuel mixture? Explain.
- During the compression heat is transferred to the fue air mixture As the volume is decreased because of the piston's motion, the pressure in the gas is increased.
2. During Power Stroke, the compressed air-fuel mixture is ignited. What is the role of air during this stage?
- The combustion chamber is sealed to form the charge. The charge is the volume of compressed-air fuel mixture trapped inside the combustion chamber ready for ignition. Compressing the air-fuel mixture allows more energy to be released when the charge is ignited.
3. Burned gases are released from the exhaust during the exhaust stroke operation. What effect to those gases contribute to the environment?
- Air pollutants are responsible for a number of adverse environmental effects, such as photochemical smog, acid rains, death of forests or reduced atmospheric visibility. Emissions of greenhouse gases from combustion of fuels are associated with the global warming of Earth's climate.
4. During which stage is the heat absorbed? given off?
- During Power Stroke

II. Think, Analyze and Explain
Guide Questions:
1. The Turbine is powered by high pressurized steam provided by the steam generator
- Steam turbines convert high pressur steam to mechanical rotation in a process which involves steam at high-pressure (high pressure potential energy)
2. Turbine-powered generators generate electricity, which is then transferred to the transformer.
- In a turbine generator, a moving fluid—water, steam, combustion gases, or air—pushes a series of blades mounted on a rotor shaft. The force of the fluid on the blades spins/rotates the rotor shaft of a generator. The generator, in turn, converts the mechanical (kinetic) energ of the rotor to electrical energy.
• How does poweplant generate electricity? Explain your answer.
- Thermal Power Plants generate electricity by converting heat into electricity, essentially by burning a fuel. A coal power plant works in much the same way, but instead of a neclear reactor heating water to make steam, the heat from the burning coal powers a steam turbine.

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-28 10:18:50 UTC

III. Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution

rapadas406415150141 — 2021-06-28 10:45:09 UTC

IV. How does Electricity from the Generating Station get to your Home (Picture)

Guide Questions:

What happens to the voltage as electrical energy is transmitted from the power station to the consumers? - Transmission of electric power is a process by which the electric power produced at power plants is transported in bulk quantities over long distances for eventual use by consumers. Electric power is sent from generating power plants to the end consumer by transmission lines. Transmission lines, when interconnected with each other, become transmission networks.
What is the difference between step up transformers and step down transformers? - The main difference between the step-up and step-down transformer is that the step-up transformer increases the output voltage, while the step-down transformer reduces the output voltage.
Write down the correct sequence of the flows of electricity from generating down to your home - The electricity that flows to our homes is generated in power stations. From here, it flows through large transmission lines, which carry it to substations. Finally, distribution lines carry electricity from substations to houses, businesses, and schools.