-지문 내용 요약: 19세기 후반 인쇄술의 발달로 언론 간의 경쟁이 과열됐고, 그로 인해 자극적인 가십으로 주의를 끄는 황색 언론이 시작됐다.

       Hi everyone. I've chosen to talk about the passage N21 of 자이스토리. It explains how "yellow journalism" started in the late 19C. Yellow journalism refers to the press that reports stimulating articles. They often are based on absurd rumors rather than fact. It has been criticized but still exists. Let’s look at some examples of yellow journalism of the present day.

       Fake news about scientific fact is a big headache today. Since COVID-19 outbreak, we have faced numerous fake news about the virus. For example, one of them had a tile saying "Cure for Coronavirus Has Been Found". Tempting, right? But if you click it, poor content was waiting inside. It would say drinking alcohol or even bleach can help curing the disease. That wasn't the end. False information about vaccine came out as articles when vaccination started. Panicked by the epidemic, many people read those articles, believed, and followed them. What do we do in this ocean of fake news? To counteract them, the government and scientists conducted fact check actively. They tried to provide accurate information about coronavirus and prevent further happening caused by panic and false one. We have to listen to them.

       As Internet civilization developed, spread of fake news is easier and faster than ever before. When we believe them without any reflection, we feed yellow journalism. It is important for us to check if a news is based on fact and pursue journalism ethics. Thank you for listening.

   Hello everyone!! The passage that l chose is D16 in 자이스토리.  It’s an article that says people can easily fall into “confirmation bias“.  Have you ever thought about confirmation bias? The concept of confirmation bias is that you only see what you want to see, and I really interested in this topic. So I’m going to tell about relationship between confirmation bias and marketing.

 

  Do you know the fact that “confirmation bias“ can be useful tool in marketing? When you want to eat shrimp chips, You are likely to go to the market. In the market, there has various shrimp chips, and I think you're likely to choose 새우깡. The reason of that reasoning is that 새우깡 is the most familiar shrimp chips for you. 새우깡 is very famous chips, but, still, 새우깡 company advertise and market it. The reason why they keep advertising products that we think don’t need to promote is to form a confirmation bias (about 새우깡 is the best of all), by instilling familiarity. This can make us buy products continuously by mistaking them for products we know well.

In this way, confirmation bias doesn’t just increase group polarization, but use to marketing techniques. I think it’s important to grasp the essence of something rather than just thinking it is bad. Just like this case, thanks to confirmation bias, advertisers can advertise more easily now. Thank you for listening!

  

 

The immune system is a very complex operation that regulates the body's response to external threats and internal disorders. The immune system has the ability to learn. So when it identifies an external invader, it makes a specific response element to a specific antigen and remembers the element to counter the antigen.
Briefly, when the immune system senses a virus, the body is mobilized to produce special cells, which are carried by the blood and attacked virus. Usually, The immune system of a healthy person wins and heals quickly. Then, the immune system remembers the particular cell and any following infection by the same kind of parasite is beaten off so quickly that we don't notice it. However, people with weak immunity can get sick often because this immune system does not work well. So we should get rid of unhealthy habits and have a habit of raising immunity. Regular exercise, healthy food intake, and sufficient sleep can increase immunity.

 

If you have high immunity, you can easily pass even if you get sick. We need to increase our immunity because the corona virus hasn't completely disappeared yet, and the influenza will soon spread. The habits mentioned above are easy ways to practice in everyday life, so I hope you practice them and keep your health. Thank you for listening.

-Hello, everyone. My name is Oh Si Hyun and the passage that I choose is K02 자이스토리.

It is about Sudden success or winning can be very dangerous. The reason why I chose this topic is that I always thought it would be so happy if I got sudden succeed or gain a lot of popularity one day. So I was very interesting about this topic.

   

(body)

- This paper says that sudden success or prize money leads to neurological excitement and a desire to repeat it, so people become addicted without thinking that luck would have worked, but those who suffer from severe depression because success cannot continue. .A similar disease is panic disorder.

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder that suddenly feels extreme fear and anxiety and is caused by stress or personal reasons. More and more people are said to be suffering from this Panic disorder. Celebrities who get a lot of sudden attention and get a lot of reviews suffer from panic disorder. So I found out how celebrities overcame panic disorder and got a small answer through interviews with celebrities who overcame panic disorder.

they said that when we suddenly feel depressed or anxious, we have to inner solidity and are interested in new things while doing various external activities.

   

   

(Conclusion)

As such, if we become aware of the dangers of sudden success or popularity someday, and learn about the disorders that many people suffer from, such as panic disorder, we will be able to overcome these situations well. We should be careful not to get addicted when we get sudden attention or success. Thank you for listeining.

지문 내용 요약: 선택의 대안이 많은 것은 좋은 것이 아니다

Introduction
 Hello everyone, I’m Hyo Won. The passage that I chose is number K8 in 자이스토리. It is about whether overabundance of option is good. And the answer is NO. Since I’ve become very interested in psychology, I wonder about ‘The Paradox of Choice’.

Body 

 People usually think the more option they have, the more satisfied they feel. But that’s not true. That’s ‘The Paradox of Choice’. There are many reasons why the paradox happens. To make short of a long story, it’s because of perfectionism. We do comparative analysis of all possibility of choice to make an excellent selection. In this  process, we are worn out. As a result, we give up or delay to choose.

Conclusion

 To escape The Paradox of Choice, we should give up to make an excellent decision. Thereby, we can be satisfied with our decisions without being worn out among too many options. That’s all for today. Thank you for listening.

지문 내용 요약: 전반적인 생활 수준의 향상 때문에 최근 수명이 길어짐

   

Hi, everyone.

The passage that I chose is F18 in xi story.

It is about changes that affect life extension.

The report argues that our life expectancy has increased because the standard of living has improved.

First, medical and public health developments.

Second, the improvement of education, housing, nutrition, and sanitation systems.

Last, the popularization of technologies designed to improve health.

According research data from 2009, most of the reasons for death during the 조선시대 in the 19th century were Cholera and the falling living standards.

Life expectancy is 53 years in the 19th century and 79 years in the 21st century.

Likewise, the development of medical technology and the improvement of quality of life due to industrialization are becoming important variables.

For example, medical interventions such as Cholesterol tests and Statins have significantly improved overall health since 1980 and many people have stopped starving with abundant food compared to the past.

There is also a saying that how long you can live in the United States depends not only on your income but also on where you live. 

So I’d like to emphasize that it’s really important to improve your living standards.

There is no end to the development of science and technology.

It will create much more life expectancy than in the 21st century. Because of the development of more technology and the improvement of living standards.

That’s all for today.

   

human brains naturally use a symbolic techniques-metaphor- in the cognitive process of concepts. abstract and difficult target concepts are easily understand. by a way of connecting that those to ‘a familiar concept derived from their experience’

but people have cultural experiences as well as personal experiences. it's a important. If some metaphor is based on cultural experience, interpretation differences are come between cultures and cultures, not individuals. for exemple, In Oriental culture area, understanding of emotional concept through internal organs is common. 간 떨어지다 means surprised and 배알이 꼴리다;창자가 뒤틀리다 means piqued. this metaphor based on inferential experience from oriental medicine. So it is hard to understanding in Occident. becuse they can not connect a ‘liver drops’ with ‘surprised’

   

We lives in a culture. some Metaphor may be completely personal, some are universal, at least in their cultures. but also that is only in their culture so is special. these specificity may be a long-standing task for Not only personal communication, but also translation between languages. Thank you