Vietnam War Group Assignment by Lauren Assel

The Domino Theory

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:40:57 UTC

If one country became communist, it would spread to the surrounding countries.

Ho Chi Minh

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:41:47 UTC

President of North Vietnam from 1954-1969 and leader of the communist revolution in Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh led the over throw of the French and was in charge of the Viet Cong troops. He deployed troops during the Guerrila Conflict which later escalated into the Vietnam War.

Vietminh

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:43:38 UTC

The Vietminh was a group the sought independence from France and Japan that later developed into the North Vietnamese government

Search and Destroy Missions

2015-02-25 18:50:51 UTC

Between 1965- 1968

Military tactics put in place by General William Westmoreland. The troopers tried to find, fix, and finish their enemies. The tactic was to insert ground forces into hostile territory, search for the enemy, destroy them, and withdraw immediately afterward

Doves and Hawks

2015-02-25 18:52:28 UTC

The war divided the country of America into two parts, the doves and the hawks. Those who supported the war were hawks. Those who opposed the war were doves.

Doves were advocates for peace. They also thought that the war in Vietnam was a civil war, and we should not get involved. They believed that the money going to the war could be much better spent in America. Hawks would do anything to make sure that we won the war.

Robert S. McNamara

2015-02-25 18:53:55 UTC

He was the eighth Secretary of Defense serving from 1961 to 1968 under President JFK and Lyndon B. Johnson, during which time he played a large role in escalating the United States involvement in the Vietnam war

Dien Bien

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:55:12 UTC

A village in northwestern Vietnam that was the site of a French military post which later, in 1954, was captured by the Vietminh.

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

2015-02-25 18:55:20 UTC

On August 7, 1964, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, authorizing LBJ to take any measures he believed were necessary to retaliate and to promote the maintenance of international peace and security in southeast Asia.

Operation Rolling Thunder

2015-02-25 18:56:17 UTC

A strategic bombing operation to attack North Vietnam. It was intended to put pressure on the communist leaders.

Ho Chi Minh Trail

2015-02-25 18:57:05 UTC

This trail ran from the Democratic (the North) to the Republic of Vietnam (the South) through Laos and Cambodia.

Ngo Dinh Diem

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:57:39 UTC

The first president of South Vietnam

Began building a right-wing dictatorship in South Vietnam

Led the effort to create the Republic of Vietnam

U.S support

Students for a Democratic Society

2015-02-25 18:57:56 UTC

It was created by student activists in the US to support the left side. It was very popular in the mid 1960's, but ended in 1969

William Fulbright

2015-02-25 18:58:24 UTC

He was a US senator who supported the creation of the United Nations. He was very opposed to the US involvement in the VIetnam war, which sparked the creation of the Fulbright Program to enhance foreign relations.

Việt Cộng

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 18:59:38 UTC

A political organization and army in South Vietnam and Cambodia that fought the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War, and emerged on the winning side

Escalation

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-25 19:00:36 UTC

August 1964: U.S. destroyers in Gulf of Tonkin report North Vietnamese attacks U.S. Congress passes Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

November 1964: Johnson wins presidential election

February 1965: Pleiku Raid kills eight U.S. soldiers U.S. forces begin Operation Rolling thunder bombing campaign

June 1965: United States reaches 75,000 troops in Vietnam

July 1965: Johnson authorizes an additional 100,000 troops

November 1965: Battle of Ia Drang

Defoliants

2015-02-25 19:08:47 UTC

A chemical that removes the leaves from trees and plants is a defoliant. Used by the US in the Vietnam War (Agent Orange). It sprayed more than 19 million gallons of herbicides over 4.5 million acres of land in Vietnam from 1961 to 1972. It later revealed to cause serious health issuesamong returning U.S. servicemen and their families as well as among the Vietnamese population.

Biblography

2015-02-25 19:18:01 UTC

"The Antiwar Movement." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.

"Background of Selective Service." About.com. US Military, n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.

Shah, Anup. "War, Propaganda and the Media." Global Issues. Global Issues, 31 Mar. 2005. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.

"Tet Offensive." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.

"War Powers." War Powers. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

Vietnam Veterans Memorial

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:42:05 UTC

The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a 3 acres national memorial in Washington, D.C. It honors U.S. service members of the U.S. armed forces who fought in the Vietnam War, service members who died in service

The Fall of Saigon

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:42:26 UTC

he capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of Vietnam and the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (also known as the Việt Cộng) on April 30, 1975.

War Powers Act of 1973

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:42:45 UTC

also known as the War Powers Resolution of 1973, requires the following: the President, upon sending troops into military action, must notify Congress within 48 hours that he has done so. The Resolution also forbids military personnel from remaining in a state of conflict for more than 60 days (including an additional 30 days for withdrawal). After that, the President must seek an additional authorization from Congress or a formal declaration of war

The Credibility Gap

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:43:04 UTC

a term that came into wide use with journalism, political and public discourse in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s.

26th Amendment

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:43:26 UTC

Amendment that prohibits the states and the federal government from using age as a reason for denying citizens of the United States who are at least eighteen years old the right to vote.

Pentagon Papers

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:43:38 UTC

the name given to a secret Department of Defense study of U.S. political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967

Kent State Shootings

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:43:53 UTC

In 1970, the Ohio National Guards shot unarmed college students for protesting President Nixon's Cambodian Campaign. The students were arguing the involvement of the United States in Vietnam, and many other protests were happening at this time. This was imporant because it showed some sort of censorship among the state and people. The people were exercising their right for free speech, and they were attacked by the national guards. This also shows that the Americans were very opinionated about the involvement in the Vietnam War.

Vietnamization

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:44:14 UTC

This strategy was aimed to end American envolvement in the Vietnam War by handing over military responsibilies to South Vietnam. Nixon used this to "expand, equip, and train South Vietnam's forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops". This was important because American troops had to give the Vietamese weapons and training, which affected the US economy. However, the United States was able to withdraw from the war, which positively affect the US.

Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:44:36 UTC

Henry Kissinger served as National Security Advisor and later Secretary of State under President Richard Nixon. These men are important because Kissinger helped to end the involvement of America in the Vietnam War under the supervision of Nixon.

Tet Offensive

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:44:54 UTC

On January 31, 1968, some 70,000 North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces launched the Tet Offensive (named for the lunar new year holiday called Tet), a coordinated series of fierce attacks on more than 100 cities and towns in South Vietnam. General Vo Nguyen Giap, leader of the Communist People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN), planned the offensive in an attempt both to foment rebellion among the South Vietnamese population and encourage the United States to scale back its support of the Saigon regime. Though U.S. and South Vietnamese forces managed to hold off the Communist attacks, news coverage of the offensive (including the lengthy Battle of Hue) shocked and dismayed the American public and further eroded support for the war effort. Despite heavy casualties, North Vietnam achieved a strategic victory with the Tet Offensive, as the attacks marked a turning point in the Vietnam War and the beginning of the slow, painful American withdrawal from the region.

The Media and The War

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:45:34 UTC

Before the 1960s, the U.S. media had no interest in Vietnam. American journalists followed events only when breaking news happened in the region. Those who covered the beginning of the war in Vietnam were only reporting the rise of communism in the country. The official agencies that handled the press in Vietnam during the early years had little control over what those reporters wrote. The French colonial government set up a system of censorship, but correspondents had only to travel to Singapore or Hong Kong to say what they wanted.American reporters who went to Vietnam at the beginning of the 1960s were reporting the story, while the government in America was telling them to get on the field

The Draft

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 18:45:38 UTC

During the Vietnam War, about two-third of American troops were volunteered, the rest were selected for military service through the drafts. In the beginning of the war, the names of all American men in draft-age were collected by the Selective Service. When someone’s name was called, he had to report to his local draft broad, which was made up of various community members, so that they could begin to evaluate. By this manner, local draft broads had an enormous power to decide who had to go and who would stay.

The Antiwar Movement

assel_lauren7 — 2015-02-27 19:07:47 UTC

Leaders opposed the war on moral and economic grounds. The North Vietnamese, they argued, were fighting a patriotic war to rid themselves of foreign aggressors. Innocent Vietnamese peasants were being killed in the crossfire. American planes wrought environmental damage by dropping their defoliating chemicals. Ho Chi Minh was the most popular leader in all of Vietnam, and the United States was supporting an undemocratic, corrupt military regime. Young American soldiers were suffering and dying. Their economic arguments were less complex, but as critical of the war effort. Military spending simply took money away from Great Society social programs such as welfare, housing, and urban renewal.

The Draft

stuermer2719 — 2020-04-19 16:47:54 UTC