Allusion to the Constitution where the ceremony of the inauguration is described – 1789 (174 years ago). Firmly puts JFK at the end of a long line of respected presidents.

"power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human lifee" (pa. 2)

 Reference to atomic weapons – introduces a main topic: the cold war. But also the rising wealth of the world: that the world now can raise everyone from poverty, if they so choose.

“… the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God” (pa. 2)

Reference to Decl. of Ind. “all men are created equal, … endowed by their Creator certain unalienable Rights“. Making everyone remember that god has given us these rights and they must not be taken away by any government.

“... the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans—born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage” (pa. 3)

Metaphor: We (I), younger, fresher, have taken over; also reference to his being a war hero plus part of big old Irish-American family.

“... nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty” (pa. 4)

Alliterations – many double consonant sounds, double-tap all the way to the lone-standing end-word: Liberty, the fundamental value of the Americans.

  To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them- parallelism (the arrangement of words placed side by side, making them similar in form) strongly supporting their own freedom—and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.

  To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required—not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (Logos- appeal to logic)

Anaphora – I hvert afsnidt srarter med det samme.

  To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support—to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective—to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak—and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.(anaphora and paralism)

  Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary (reference), we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers (pathos,dark=fear) of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.(Logos)

Antithesis because Two opposite ideas put together to achieve a contrasting effect

But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course

The repetition of the "g" sound in "great and powerful groups" adds a rhythmic quality to the sentence and emphasizes the importance of these nations.

Uncertain balance of terror

The phrase "uncertain balance of terror" employs metaphorical language to describe the delicate equilibrium maintained by the threat of mutually assured destruction.

Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.

Antithesis because of a contrast

Enumeration – Listing things (paragraph 17)  explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.

Ethos – Speaks from a respected position and appear trustworthy. General for the 3 paragraphs

Claim – Wants people to follow his statement (paragraph 17)  Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.

Reference to the Bible, Isaiah is a prophet from the Old Testament, refering to him creates hope for the people. Most people in America are christians.

An American value of freedom. A new beginning.

"And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law,"

A stylistic feature - using "of" to create a rhythmic flow.

Jungle of suspicion - imagery.

"Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet."

Anaphora - repitition of nor at the beginning of the sentences.

"will rest the final success or failure of our course."

Antithesis - succes or failure are opposites put together to create a contrast.

"Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty."

Allusion to the American revolutionary war, the declaration of independence and the civil war.

• "not as" and "Though" are examples of anaphora

• "Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation" is a Bible quote from Romans 12:12

• "Tyranny, poverty, disease and war" is an allusion to the four horsemen of the apocalypse

23

• Rethorical questions.

• Anthesis ("north/South, East/West").

24

• "In the long history of the world" uses consonnance.

• Repetition of "any other"

• "The energy, the faith, the devotion" uses enumeration.

• "The glow from that fire" is a metaphor

25

• Using the words "my fellow Americans/citizens" puts emphasis on the fact that Kennedy is "of the people".

• The sentence structure is repeated (same sentence, bigger point of view).

26

• "standards of strength and sacrifice" is allitteration

• Uses first person pronouns frequently.