Remake of Color line: How Racism was manufactured的复制 by Sophie Liu https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4 Read each of the colonial laws and policies in the left column to determine which numbered category to the right (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) is the most approapriate place to categorize it. Once you have determined where it should be categorized, move it over. Next, go through all of your notes - from Zinn 2, Zinn 3 & videos - and add at least two additional policies and laws for each category. en-us 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC 2021-01-22 04:51:59 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f4ca.png A 1690 Connecticut law forbade Indians and blacks from walking beyond the town limits without a pass. Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts all had a 9 p.m. curfew for blacks and Indians. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991201 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991201 A 1691 Virginia law provided that “any white man or woman being free who shall intermarry with a negro, mulatoo, or Indian man or woman bond or free” shall be banished hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991202 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991202 A Virginia colonial law sentenced whites to 25 lashes for stealing a pig, but increased it to 39 lashes if the person were black or Indian. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991204 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991204 In southern colonies, according to historian Joseph P. Cullen, if a white female indentured servant had a child by a black man she would be punished by public whipping and her period of indenture would be doubled. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991205 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991205 Poor whites were enlisted to hunt down runaway slaves, and were put on slave patrols hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991207 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991207 The British encouraged the so-called Five Civilized Tribes—the Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole—to enslave Africans, as the whites were doing. Ultimately, slaves made up between 10 and 20 percent of all five groups but the Seminoles. The Cherokee adopted a “slave code” to prevent blacks from learning to read and write and provided that if a slave ran off, other tribe members were obligated to catch the runaway. Slavery contributed to inequality within each Indian nation. Only a relatively small elite of 12 percent of the Cherokees owned slaves. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991208 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991208 A 1661 Virginia law provided that “in case any English servant shall run away in company of any Negroes” he would have to suffer extra years of servitude to the master of the escaped slave. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991209 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991209 In 1717, the British parliament made transportation to the American colonies a legal punishment for committing certain crimes. Tens of thousands of convicts were sent to Maryland, Virginia, and other colonies. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991211 2021-01-15 04:36:15 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1089991211 The English definition of who could be enslaved began to shift from non-Christian to non-white. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090010916 2021-01-15 04:57:04 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090010916 1662, a Virginia court decided that all children born in the colony will be free or slave according to the condition of the mother. Slavery would be defined by race and perpetuated through heredity. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090012075 2021-01-15 04:58:21 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090012075 1641, Massachusetts became the first colony on the British American mainland to recognize slavery as a legal institution. Connecticut followed in 1650. Maryland in 1663. New York and New Jersey in 1664. Virginia:1661. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090012651 2021-01-15 04:58:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090012651 1691, illegal to free black slaves unless they were leaving the colony hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090015986 2021-01-15 05:02:26 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090015986 1705, Virginia assembly passed laws clearly defining the distinction between a servant and a slave, relegating all slaves to the status of real estate. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090017087 2021-01-15 05:03:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090017087 The wealthy elite bribed Indians to return runaway slaves, and they also made it illegal for free blacks to travel in Indian country. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090019663 2021-01-15 05:06:22 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090019663 One tool to keep blacks and whites from uniting was racism. White leaders encouraged a negative view of blacks. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090024845 2021-01-15 05:11:55 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090024845 The middle-class colonists joined forces with the merchants and big planters, they are solid buffer against the frontier Indians, the enslaved blacks, and the poor whites hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090029331 2021-01-15 05:16:30 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090029331 The status of the child derived from the mother and that enslaved Christians could not sue for their freedom on the basis of their new Christianity and so that was able to quash or stop these freedom suits. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090030453 2021-01-15 05:17:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090030453 Whites often hired local Indians to hunt down escape Indian slaves. In 1767 Maryland offered rewards to Indians for capturing black slaves runways. hliu4282 https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090038098 2021-01-15 05:27:18 UTC https://padlet.com/hliu4282/oeke77xq5dswzsz4/wish/1090038098