FP-Final Project: Assignment 8 by Nicole M https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2 en-us 2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC 2025-12-02 16:30:41 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f52c.png PBL structure 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634599 Introduction: 
  • Brief introduction of the history of food safety;
  • Statistics on the burden of foodborne illnesses;
  • The creation of the European Food Safety Authority.


]]> 2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634599 Surprise! Salmonella 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634600 2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634600 Relation of topic 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634603 2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634603 Why is food safety important? 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634604
  • The topic is important and it is useful for FP students because it gives an introduction to an important part of public health which is food safety and zoonosis.

    • Besides EPH, this topic is also covering science and laws in the European Union.  

    ]]>     2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634604     Lecture Updates 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634606
  • Spelling mistakes corrected;

    • Correction of bullet points;

    • Feedback related to content was positive.


    ]]>     2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634606     Open-ended questions 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634607 1. Define what zoonotic diseases are AND identify at least two reasons zoonotic outbreaks occur. (3 pts)

    Answer key:
    Zoonotic diseases are diseases transmitted from animals to humans via bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi and causes illness.
    Reasons outbreaks occur (2 must be mentioned by the student):
    • Intensive urbanization and industrialisation 
    • Alteration of food supplies
    • Wildlife exploitation
    • Unsustainable agriculture
    • Globalisation
    • High demand for animal products
    ]]>     2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634607     Multiple choice questions 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634608 5. What led to the outbreak of the Mad Cow disease, in the UK, during the late 20th century? (0.5 pts)
    A) Using meat and bone meals to feed livestock.
    B) Livestock lived in an unhygienic environment.
    C) Cross contamination occurred between animals of different species. 
    D) The pathogen was transmitted through the meat processing machine.]]>     2023-07-02 18:08:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636634608     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636637943
  • Every step of the food chain, with focus on agriculture and livestock production;

    • ]]>     2023-07-02 18:26:18 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636637943     PBL Adjustments 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636656796
  • Emphasis on the general concept of food safety;

    • Adding the full names of institutions (INFOSAN and ECDC).
    ]]>     2023-07-02 20:07:52 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636656796     Adjustments of Learning goals 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636659461
  • Learning goal about the creation of the EFSA was removed;

    • A new learning goal about how the EU manages zoonoses and food safety was added in tutor instruction notes.

    ]]>     2023-07-02 20:20:47 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2636659461     Reference List (PBL Task) 88rk76s6nj https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637151866 United Nation Environment Programme and International Livestock Research Institute (2020). Preventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission. Nairobi, Kenya. (Page 10-19 & Page 45-53) preventing-future-zoonotic-disease-outbreaks-protecting-environment-animals-and

    Fung, F., Wang, H., & Menon, S. (2018). Food safety in the 21st century. Biomedical Journal, 41(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2018.03.003 

    Griffith, C. C. (2006). Food safety: where from and where to? British Food Journal, 108(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070700610637599 (Page 2-3) 
     
    Food incident preparedness and response. European Food Safety Authority. (2023, April 17). https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/food-incident-preparedness-and-response#:~:text=It%20is%20used%20by%20risk,if%20more%20information%20is%20needed

    Url, B., & Ammon, A. (2021, May 3). Memorandum of understanding between the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. European Food Safety Authority. https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021-05/efsa-ecdc-mou-signed.pdf
    ]]>     2023-07-03 11:56:47 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637151866     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637164120
  • For all of these reasons, we believe that food safety and zoonosis are an important topic to add to the Foundation Programme, as it would introduce all of the areas mentioned previously and help students to encompass a view on similar topics for future bachelors.

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 12:21:59 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637164120     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637174405
  • Definition of zoonoses and most common diseases in the EU;
    • ]]>     2023-07-03 12:40:27 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637174405     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637174580
  • Management of outbreaks;
  • EU competence;

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 12:40:48 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637174580     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637175645 2023-07-03 12:42:54 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637175645 liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637188851
  • A brief timeline of how food safety evolved throughout the ages;

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 13:04:38 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637188851     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637192664
  • Recommended strategies. 

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 13:10:22 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637192664     Real life problem liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637198108
  • Salmonella outbreak in chocolate eggs, in Europe, during 2022;
  • The role of authorities in managing this outbreak. 
    • ]]>     2023-07-03 13:19:48 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637198108     Why is food safety important? liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637204355
  • While maintaining food safety, good health is promoted for everyone by preventing the contraction of food-borne pathogens. 

    • An overview of most common pathogens, outbreaks, management and recommendation is given. 

    ]]>     2023-07-03 13:31:02 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637204355     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637206762 2023-07-03 13:35:21 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637206762 liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637207240 2023-07-03 13:36:14 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637207240 liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637211027
  • EU institutions that manage and inspect standards.

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 13:43:02 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637211027     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637219099 The literature used covers: 
    • The definition of food safety;
    ]]>     2023-07-03 13:55:09 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637219099     Open-ended questions liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637365952 2. Why is traceability so crucial for food chains? (3 pts)

    Answer key:
    Traceability is essential in food safety chains, since if an outbreak were to happen, authorities and impacted parties could plan how to control the outbreak, this would lead to a faster response so the impact can be lower or have a faster recovery, additionally it can prevent the situation from happening again since the root problem would be identified and accommodated. ]]>     2023-07-03 20:29:47 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637365952     Open-ended questions liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637366924 3. What does the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) do? (3 pts)

    Answer key:
    The EFSA is involved in preparedness and response during multi-country food or feed safety incidents or crises. They develop and maintain urgent response structures, procedures, and mechanisms, providing scientific and communication activities during such incidents.

    ]]>     2023-07-03 20:33:05 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637366924     Multiple choice questions liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637367553 4. What impact did Pasteur have in food safety? (0.5 pts)
    A)He was the first to observe and describe various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungus using microscopes, thereby adding to the field of microbiology.
    B) He was responsible for developing a technique where liquids are heated at high temperatures to kill harmful microbes that might be present; such as milk.
    C) He contributed to the development of international regulations for food safety.
    D) He was the person who discovered the optimal temperatures each food should be stored at.

    ]]>     2023-07-03 20:35:18 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637367553     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637368791 To gain full points students must:
    • Mention that authorities and impacted parties can trace pathogens, and plan how to control or prevent them from spreading.
    ]]>     2023-07-03 20:40:58 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637368791     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637368861 To gain full points students must:
    • Identify: the institutions must be prepared to handle crises, communicate with possible affected parties, create structured plans and gather scientific evidence for food safety advice.
    ]]>     2023-07-03 20:41:16 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637368861     Grading Rubric liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637369126 2023-07-03 20:42:10 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637369126 Final Remarks liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637369500 Overall: 
    • The food safety topic and its challenges are often neglected and not considered a public health threat, for many. 

    • Approaches covering the three aspects leading to zoonotic transmissions are crucial in order to ensure safety for every population. 
    ]]>     2023-07-03 20:43:47 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637369500     Project Overview liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637374913 The goals of our group were clear and achieved:

    • Providing a basic understanding of food safety;
    • Providing basic knowledge on pathogens that are causing zoonosis;
    • Introducing notable outbreaks in the EU;

    ]]>     2023-07-03 21:08:36 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637374913     Project Overview liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637374999
  • Be able to understand the role of European institutions towards food safety;
  • Understand recommendations and suggestions for preventing  such incidents

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 21:09:03 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637374999     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637375745
  • What can cause an outbreak? 
    • ]]>     2023-07-03 21:12:29 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637375745     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637376055
  • Notable outbreaks in the Union: Mad Cow disease and Salmonella;

    • ]]>     2023-07-03 21:14:00 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637376055     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637376536 2023-07-03 21:16:18 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637376536 Reference List (PBL Task) liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637909230 Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid. (2019, June 20). Emerging food safety risks – Detecting and assessing food safety risks in the Netherlands [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFqyysqI_Rk

    Union, E. (2012). The European Food Safety Authority at a Glance. 

    What we do. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010, December 13). https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/about-ecdc/what-we-do


    ]]>     2023-07-04 10:13:13 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637909230     Reference List (Lecture) liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637909651 Brice, J., Soldi, R., Alarcon-Lopez, P., Guitian, J., Drewe, J., Breinbauer, D. B., Torres-Cortes, F., & Wheeler, K. (2021). The Relation Between Different Zoonotic Pandemics and the Livestock Sector.

    Food Safety. (n.d.). https://www.food-safety.com/articles/8247-eu-data-for-foodborne-illnesses-in-2021-shows-very-high-amr-in-campylobacter

    Gizaw, Z. (2019). Public health risks related to food safety issues in the food market: a systematic literature review. 

    Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-019-0825-5

    General Food Law. (n.d.). Food Safety. https://food.ec.europa.eu/horizontal-topics/general-food-law_en

    ]]>     2023-07-04 10:14:03 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637909651     Reference List (Lecture) liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637911408 Sarno, E., Pezzutto, D., Rossi, M., Liebana, E., & Rizzi, V. (2021). A Review of Significant European Foodborne Outbreaks in the Last Decade. Journal of Food Protection, 84(12), 2059–2070. https://doi.org/10.4315/jfp-21-096Scotch

    M., Brownstein, J. S., Vegso, S., Galusha, D., & Rabinowitz, P. M. (2011). Human vs. Animal Outbreaks of the 2009 Swine-Origin H1N1 Influenza A epidemic. EcoHealth, 8(3), 376–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-011-0706-x

    Setbon, M., Raude, J., Fischler, C., & Flahault, A. (2005). Risk Perception of the “Mad Cow Disease” in France: Determinants and Consequences. Risk Analysis, 25(4), 813–826. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00634.x

    Shaheen, M. A. (2022). The concept of one health applied to the problem of zoonotic diseases. Reviews in Medical Virology, 32(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2326

    The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report. (2021). EFSA Journal, 19(12). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6971
    ]]>     2023-07-04 10:17:36 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2637911408     liviavvieira23 https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2638830888 2023-07-05 13:57:03 UTC https://padlet.com/88rk76s6nj/oe35up8tioeli3f2/wish/2638830888