https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history Read the Article: How and why does history get rewritten? Discussion Question (in groups of three): How has the history of Singapore been rewritten and why has it been rewritten? What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore? en-us 2019-05-27 02:34:38 UTC 2019-05-28 05:46:26 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643815 How has the history of Singapore been rewritten and why has it been rewritten? What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore?

How has the history of Singapore been rewritten?
To put Singapore in a good light. In the past before the Japanese Occupation, it was written by colonial masters.  When Singapore lost to the Japanese, the Japanese rewrote Singapore's History, into their own favour. Now, the government rewrites Singapore's History to educate Singaporeans the way they want them to be educated. For example, the fall of Singapore during the Jap Occupation, shows Singapore's vulnerability, highlighting that we need to build up our defence and not solely rely on others.

Why has it been rewritten?
It gives us a sense of identity, enriches our understanding of human nature. The history textbooks, social studies textbooks are all written by the govt, and not by other vendors.
Singapore's merger with Malaysia. Late PM Lee Kuan Yew, initially believed that merger was the only solution to Singapore's Survival. However, after the separation, he was proved wrong, Singapore prospered even after the merger. From that, history could've been rewritten that Singapore prospered because of the separation.

What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore?
It was influenced by the people who were in power, such as the colonial masters. British had the authority over singapore and wrote its history from their point of view. For example, depicting singapore as a trading island.



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History defines us as a nation, a people, and we need to understand it to know why we made the decisions that we did. (Idk whether u still want)

For example, the Bukit Ho Swee Fire, where a fire broke out in a kampong. Only 70.7% of more than 1,500 citizens polled know of the Bukit Ho Swee fire, compared with 98.9% who recall the glitzy opening of the two casinos in 2010.]]> 2019-05-27 03:57:05 UTC https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643815 https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643877 Why and How is history rewritten:
The production of knowledge in History is a selection of a selection. Primary sources themselves are already filtered through the eyes and sense perception of witnesses and Historians rewrite them and produce secondary sources which are a selection of the primary sources as they choose what supports their claim and discard those from primary sources that does not support their claim. Hence there is a double filter effect.
Why and How is history rewritten in Singapore:
To portray good image to other countries in order to protect our national sovereignty. In addition, it is to instill patriotism in Singaporeans and this is done through the writing's of the History and SS textbooks by the Ministry of Education themselves and not external vendors.   

]]> 2019-05-27 03:57:47 UTC https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643877 https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643951 What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore? 

• The production of a national identity to create a cohesive society
• Some production of historical knowledge (before the rewriting of the history textbooks) was not included as the government was afraid it will bring about communal conflict in the 1960s - 1970s
• To develop a collective social memory 
• Political issues

Why has History been Rewritten? 

• Some Singaporeans remember certain parts of history better than the others. For example, only a low 16.6% of the 1500 citizens polled were aware of the Operation Coldstore, whereby 113 individuals were alleged for communist activities in 1963. Yet 89.9% of them knew about the arrival of Sir Thomas Raffles in 1819, which was 200 years ago. Hence there is a need to rewrite history so that the future generations would be more aware about key events that played a huge significance towards shaping Singapore’s history.
• Future generations need to understand that Singapore is not merely a city which provides them lodging, but rather a place to call “home” and have an intrinsic sense of belonging towards this island. This is why there’s a need to ensure that Singapore’s history remains culturally intact and loaded with many pivotal historical events to further expand the island state’s birth so that down the road, we are able to relate to Singapore with a deeper connection.

How Has History Been Rewritten?

• Dr Thum had alleged that the Operation Coldstore had been tweaked by the Singapore government when he claimed that declassified documents about Operation Coldstore was a lie and that it was conducted due to political purposes 
• Singapore has rewritten the history that was taught in secondary schools, this is so as to expand the story of the island-state birth. For example, the new history was introduced in January, bringing about Singapore’s history from 1300 to 1600, when Singapore was a multinational trading hub, with an estimated population of 10,000

]]> 2019-05-27 03:58:10 UTC https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643951 https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643985 How has the history of Singapore been rewritten and why has it been rewritten?
Singapore has rewritten the history taught in secondary school to expand the story of the island state's birth. The new story brings into focus a 300-year period, from 1300-1600, when Singapore was a thriving multinational training hub, with an estimated population of 10,000. This is to provide a national identity to students, as what a Ministry of Education official identified as allowing students to "explore Singapore's origin".

What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore?
- Geological findings in the early beginnings of Singapore influenced the production of historical knowledge as it proves the way of life in early Singapore. 
- Primary accounts of what was observed in Singapore by key figures like Sir Stamford Raffles and Mr. Lee Kuan Yew allowed for the production of historical knowledge
- achievements like the independence of Singapore and formation of the parliament have long-lasting impacts on the way of life of Singaporeans
- impactful global events such as the World Wars would have affected way of life in locals and hence led to them recording their experiences and in the course of that produce historical knowledge
- emotions of the people involved in the tumultuous years of Singapore that would have made them want to record their trauma and to highlight the mistakes made so as to prevent mistakes from happening again in the future]]> 2019-05-27 03:58:30 UTC https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363643985 https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363644009 How has the history of Singapore been rewritten?
Professor John N. Miksic, and American archaeology professor and NUS has led major archaeological excavations across SEA, including a dozen in Singapore over the past 30 years that have yielded 8 tons of artifacts-evidence of pre-colonial history that was largely neglected until now.

Why has it been rewritten?
Singapore has rewritten the history in Secondary Schools to expand the story of the island state's birth. The new story brings into focus a 300-year period from 1300 to 1600 when Singapore was a thriving multinational trading hub, with an estimated population of 10,000. This allowed students to "explore Singapore's origin as a port of call and her connections to the region and the world".

What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore?
It is to reinforce a more global perspective and to repair Singapore's educational image. ]]> 2019-05-27 03:58:41 UTC https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363644009 https://padlet.com/ivaytan/history/wish/363889206 How is history rewritten in Singapore?:
In many ways, Singapore's history has been rewritten in an orthodox manner. When we learn about history in Singapore, we normally see Singapore in a 'good light'. For instance, when Singapore fell to the Japanese, we were more or less focused on how the British lost to the Japanese and how the British failed to hold up our fort. This is because we want our nation to have a sense of identity; nationalism.
Therefore, in a sense, history in Singapore is rewritten to 'our' favour.

Factors that can cause history to be rewritten:
1. The availability of evidence for the historical account
2. The level of objectiveness used by the historian in choosing the evidence
3. The purpose of the historical account
4. Social, political, and psychological paradigms at the time of the historical account
5. The method used by the historian
6. Different outlooks on the nature of history

Singapore has rewritten the history taught in secondary school to expand the story of the island state's birth

Why is history rewritten in Singapore?
- allows us to understand the way we are living
- allows us to learn from the mistakes of our ancestors so we do not do the same things and work as a nation to become a better place.
- educate the nation

What has influenced the production of historical knowledge in Singapore?
- recording achievements will boost national identity
- personal experiences of those who have gone through the events like WWII
- emotions of the people who have created evidence as well as emotions of the historians


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