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      <title>Network Troubleshooting by Alison Hannah</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5</link>
      <description>Describe issues that might require troubleshooting.</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2016-06-30 08:32:34 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2025-10-07 15:05:14 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
      <image>
         <url></url>
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      <item>
         <title>MTR Tool</title>
         <author>alisonhannah</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115732677</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>To test the route and connection quality of traffic to the destination host example.com, run the following command from the desired source host:<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.linode.com/docs/networking/diagnostics/diagnosing-network-issues-with-mtr" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 08:36:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115732677</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>noot</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115735514</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 09:20:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115735514</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Cables&amp;nbsp;</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738527</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The Class 5 Ethernet Cable may be broken. This can cause damage to the Ethernet Interfaces (eth1, eth2 ect) or looping interface terminals. However, this can be fixed by using another cable.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:21:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738527</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>eth0&amp;nbsp;is the first ethernet interface. (Additional ethernet interfaces would be named eth1, eth2, etc.) This type of interface is usually a NIC connected to the network by a category 5 cable. lo is the loopback interface.</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738631</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:23:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738631</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>PING</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738874</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Ping is a basic connectivity test between the requesting host and the receiving host. The hosts can be anything in a network e.g. a router, a workstation or an offsite server.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:28:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738874</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>ALLAHU AKBAR</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738908</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:29:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738908</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Hacking</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738924</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:30:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738924</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>About ifconfigifconfig&amp;nbsp;is used to&amp;nbsp;configure, or view the configuration of, a&amp;nbsp;network&amp;nbsp;interface.Overviewifconfig&amp;nbsp;stands for &quot;interface configuration&quot;. It is used to view and change the configuration of the network interfaces on your system.Running the&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;command with no arguments, like this:ifconfig...will display information about all network interfaces currently in operation. The output will resemble the following:eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 09:00:12:90:e3:e5  
          inet addr:192.168.1.29 Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe70:e3f5/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:54071 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:48515 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:22009423 (20.9 MiB)  TX bytes:25690847 (24.5 MiB)
          Interrupt:10 Base address:0xd020 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:7766 (7.5 KiB)  TX bytes:7766 (7.5 KiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 58:a2:c2:93:27:36  
          inet addr:192.168.1.64  Bcast:192.168.2.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::6aa3:c4ff:fe93:4746/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:436968 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:364103 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:115886055 (110.5 MiB)  TX bytes:83286188 (79.4 MiB)Here,&amp;nbsp;eth0,&amp;nbsp;lo&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;wlan0&amp;nbsp;are the names of the active network interfaces on the system.eth0&amp;nbsp;is the first&amp;nbsp;ethernet&amp;nbsp;interface. (Additional ethernet interfaces would be namedeth1,&amp;nbsp;eth2, etc.) This type of interface is usually a&amp;nbsp;NIC&amp;nbsp;connected to the network by a&amp;nbsp;category 5&amp;nbsp;cable.lo&amp;nbsp;is the&amp;nbsp;loopback&amp;nbsp;interface. This is a special network interface that the system uses to communicate with itself.wlan0&amp;nbsp;is the name of the first&amp;nbsp;wireless network&amp;nbsp;interface on the system. Additional wireless interfaces would be named&amp;nbsp;wlan1,&amp;nbsp;wlan2, etc.These are the traditional naming conventions for network interfaces under Linux; other operating systems may have different names. For instance, under many&amp;nbsp;BSD&amp;nbsp;operating systems, ethernet interfaces are named&amp;nbsp;em0,&amp;nbsp;em1, etc. Check your configuration, or consult your documentation, to determine the exact names of your own interfaces.Viewing The Configuration Of All InterfacesIf you&#39;d like to view the configuration of all network interfaces on the system (not just the ones that are currently active), you can specify the&amp;nbsp;-a&amp;nbsp;option, like this:ifconfig -aThis will produce output similar to simply running&amp;nbsp;ifconfig, but if there are any inactive interfaces on the system, their configuration will also be displayed.Viewing The Configuration Of A Specific InterfaceTo view the configuration of a specific interface, specify its name as an option. For instance,ifconfig eth0...will display the configuration of device&amp;nbsp;eth0&amp;nbsp;only.Enabling And Disabling An InterfaceWhen a network interface is active, it is able to send and receive data; when it is inactive, it is not able to transmit or receive. You can use&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;to change the status of a network interface from inactive to active, or vice-versa.To enable an inactive interface, provide&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;with the interface name followed by the keyword&amp;nbsp;up.Enabling or disabling a device requires&amp;nbsp;superuser&amp;nbsp;permissions, so you will either have to be&amp;nbsp;logged in as root, or prefix your command with&amp;nbsp;sudo&amp;nbsp;to run it with superuser privileges.For instance, if network interface&amp;nbsp;eth1&amp;nbsp;is inactive, you can activate it with the command:sudo ifconfig eth1 upSimilarly, you can disable an active network interface using the&amp;nbsp;down&amp;nbsp;keyword. For instance, to disable the wireless network interface&amp;nbsp;wlan0, use the command:sudo ifconfig wlan0 downConfiguring An Interfaceifconfig&amp;nbsp;can be used at the command line to configure (or re-configure) a network interface. This is often unnecessary, since this configuration is typically handled by a script when you boot the system. If you&#39;d like to do so manually, you will need superuser privileges, so we&#39;ll use&amp;nbsp;sudo&amp;nbsp;again when running these commands.To assign a&amp;nbsp;static&amp;nbsp;IP address&amp;nbsp;to an interface, specify the interface name and the IP address. For example, to assign the IP address&amp;nbsp;69.72.169.1&amp;nbsp;to the interface&amp;nbsp;wlan0, use the command:sudo ifconfig wlan0 69.72.169.1To assign a&amp;nbsp;network mask&amp;nbsp;to an interface, use the keyword&amp;nbsp;netmask&amp;nbsp;and the netmask address. For instance, to configure the interface&amp;nbsp;eth1&amp;nbsp;to use a network mask of255.255.255.0, the command would be:sudo ifconfig eth1 netmask 255.255.255.0To assign a&amp;nbsp;broadcast&amp;nbsp;address to an interface, use the keyword&amp;nbsp;broadcast&amp;nbsp;and the broadcast address. For instance, to configure the interface&amp;nbsp;wlan1&amp;nbsp;to use a broadcast address of&amp;nbsp;172.16.25.98, the command would be:sudo ifconfig wlan1 broadcast 172.16.25.98These configurations can combined in a single command. For instance, to configure interface&amp;nbsp;eth0&amp;nbsp;to use the static IP address&amp;nbsp;192.168.2.5, the network mask255.255.255.0, and the broadcast address&amp;nbsp;192.168.2.7, the command would be:sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.7These are the most commonly-used configuration options for&amp;nbsp;ifconfig. A complete list is provided below.What About DHCP?ifconfig&amp;nbsp;can only assign a static IP address to a network interface. If you want to assign a dynamic IP address using&amp;nbsp;DHCP, you should use the&amp;nbsp;dhclient&amp;nbsp;command.ifconfig syntaxifconfig [-v] [-a] [-s] [interface]ifconfig [-v] interface [aftype] options | address ...Technical Descriptionifconfig&amp;nbsp;is used to configure the system&#39;s&amp;nbsp;kernel-resident network interfaces. It is used at&amp;nbsp;boot&amp;nbsp;time to set up interfaces as necessary. After that, it is usually only needed whendebugging, or when system tuning is needed.If no&amp;nbsp;arguments&amp;nbsp;are given,&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;displays the status of the system&#39;s active interfaces.If a single&amp;nbsp;interface&amp;nbsp;argument is given, it displays the status of the given interface only.If a single&amp;nbsp;-a&amp;nbsp;argument is given, it displays the status of all interfaces, even those that are &quot;down&quot; (inactive).In all other cases,&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;configures an interface according to the options provided.About Address FamiliesIf the first argument after the interface name is recognized as the name of a supported address family, that address family is used for decoding and displaying all&amp;nbsp;protocoladdresses. Currently supported address families include&amp;nbsp;inet&amp;nbsp;(TCP/IP; this is the default),&amp;nbsp;inet6&amp;nbsp;(IPv6),&amp;nbsp;ax25&amp;nbsp;(AMPR Packet Radio),&amp;nbsp;ddp&amp;nbsp;(Appletalk&amp;nbsp;Phase 2),&amp;nbsp;ipx&amp;nbsp;(NovellIPX) and&amp;nbsp;netrom&amp;nbsp;(AMPR Packet radio).Options-aDisplay information for all network interfaces, even if they are down.-sDisplay a short list in a format identical to the command &quot;netstat&amp;nbsp;-i&quot;.-vVerbose&amp;nbsp;mode; display additional information for certain error conditions.interfaceThe name of the interface. This is usually a driver name followed by a unit number, for example &quot;eth0&quot; for the first&amp;nbsp;Ethernet&amp;nbsp;interface. If your kernel supports&amp;nbsp;alias&amp;nbsp;interfaces, you can specify them with&amp;nbsp;eth0:0&amp;nbsp;for the first alias of&amp;nbsp;eth0. You can use them to assign a second address. To delete an alias interface use&amp;nbsp;ifconfig eth0:0 down. Note: for every scope (i.e. same net with address/netmask combination) all aliases are deleted, if you delete the first (primary).upThis flag causes the interface to be activated. It is implicitly specified if an address is assigned to the interface.downThis flag causes the driver for this interface to be shut down.[-]arpEnable (or disable, if the &quot;-&quot; prefix is specified) the use of the&amp;nbsp;ARPprotocol on this interface.[-]promiscEnable (or disable, if the &quot;-&quot; prefix is specified) the&amp;nbsp;promiscuous&amp;nbsp;mode of the interface. If promiscuous mode is enabled, all&amp;nbsp;packets&amp;nbsp;on the network will be received by the interface.[-]allmultiEnable or disable all-multicast&amp;nbsp;mode. If multicast mode is enabled, all multicast packets on the network will be received by the interface.metric&amp;nbsp;NThis parameter sets the interface metric, which is used by the interface to make routing decisions.&amp;nbsp;N&amp;nbsp;must be an&amp;nbsp;integer&amp;nbsp;between&amp;nbsp;0&amp;nbsp;and4294967295. If you&#39;re not sure what a network metric is, or whether you should change it, you can safely leave this setting alone.mtu&amp;nbsp;NThis parameter sets the Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) of an interface. This setting is used to limit the maximum packet size transferred by the interface. If you&#39;re not sure about it, you can safely leave this setting alone.dstaddr&amp;nbsp;addressSet the remote IP address for a point-to-point link (such as&amp;nbsp;PPP). This keyword is now obsolete; use the&amp;nbsp;pointopoint&amp;nbsp;keyword instead.netmask&amp;nbsp;addressSet the IP network mask for this interface. This value defaults to the usual class A, B or C network mask (as derived from the interface IP address), but it can be set to any value.add&amp;nbsp;address/prefixlenAdd an&amp;nbsp;IPv6&amp;nbsp;address to an interface.del&amp;nbsp;address/prefixlenRemove an IPv6 address from an interface.tunnel&amp;nbsp;aa.bb.cc.ddCreate a new SIT (IPv6-in-IPv4) device,&amp;nbsp;tunnelling&amp;nbsp;to the given destination.irq&amp;nbsp;addressSet the&amp;nbsp;interrupt&amp;nbsp;line used by this device. Not all devices can dynamically change their&amp;nbsp;IRQ&amp;nbsp;setting.io_addr&amp;nbsp;addressSet the start address in&amp;nbsp;I/O&amp;nbsp;space for this device.mem_start&amp;nbsp;addressSet the start address for shared memory used by this device. Only a few devices need this.media&amp;nbsp;typeSet the physical port or medium type to be used by the device. Not all devices can change this setting, and those that can vary in what values they support. Typical values for&amp;nbsp;type&amp;nbsp;are&amp;nbsp;10base2&amp;nbsp;(thin Ethernet),10baseT&amp;nbsp;(twisted-pair&amp;nbsp;10Mbps Ethernet),&amp;nbsp;AUI&amp;nbsp;(external transceiver) and so on. The special medium type of&amp;nbsp;auto&amp;nbsp;can be used to tell the driver to auto-sense the media. Again, not all drivers can do this.[-]broadcast&amp;nbsp;[address]If the address argument is given, this will set the protocol broadcast address for this interface. Otherwise, it will set (or clear, if the &quot;-&quot; prefix is used) the&amp;nbsp;IFF_BROADCAST&amp;nbsp;flag for the interface.[-]pointopoint&amp;nbsp;[address]This keyword enables the&amp;nbsp;point-to-point&amp;nbsp;mode of an interface, meaning that it is a direct link between two machines with nobody else listening on it. If the address argument is also given, set the protocol address of the other side of the link, just like the obsolete dstaddr keyword does. Otherwise, set or clear the&amp;nbsp;IFF_POINTOPOINT&amp;nbsp;flag for the interface.hw class&amp;nbsp;addressSet the hardware address of this interface, if the device driver supports this operation. The keyword must be followed by the name of the hardware class and the printable&amp;nbsp;ASCII&amp;nbsp;equivalent of the hardware address. Hardware classes currently supported include&amp;nbsp;ether&amp;nbsp;(Ethernet),ax25&amp;nbsp;(AMPR AX.25),&amp;nbsp;ARCnet&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;netrom&amp;nbsp;(AMPR NET/ROM).multicastSet the&amp;nbsp;multicast&amp;nbsp;flag on the interface. This should not normally be needed as the drivers set the flag correctly themselves.addressThe IP address to be assigned to this interface.txqueuelen&amp;nbsp;lengthSet the length of the transmit&amp;nbsp;queue&amp;nbsp;of the device. It is useful to set this to small values for slower devices with a high&amp;nbsp;latency&amp;nbsp;(such as a connection over a&amp;nbsp;modem, or over&amp;nbsp;ISDN) to prevent fast bulk transfers from disturbing interactive traffic like&amp;nbsp;telnet&amp;nbsp;too much.ifconfig examplesifconfigRunning&amp;nbsp;ifconfig&amp;nbsp;with no options will display the configuration of all active interfaces.ifconfig -aDisplays the configuration of all interfaces, both active and inactive.ifconfig eth0View the network settings on the interface&amp;nbsp;eth0, which (under Linux) is the first Ethernet adapter installed in the system.ifconfig eth1 upActivate the network interface&amp;nbsp;eth1.ifconfig wlan0 downDeactivate the network interface&amp;nbsp;wlan0.ifconfig wlan1 122.140.201.66Configure the network interface&amp;nbsp;wlan1&amp;nbsp;to use the static IP address&amp;nbsp;122.140.201.66.ifconfig wlan0 netmask 255.255.255.0Configure the network interface&amp;nbsp;wlan0&amp;nbsp;to use the network mask&amp;nbsp;255.255.255.0.ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.102 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255Configure&amp;nbsp;eth0&amp;nbsp;to use the static IP address&amp;nbsp;192.168.1.102&amp;nbsp;using the network mask255.255.255.0, and the broadcast address&amp;nbsp;192.168.1.255.Related commandsarp&amp;nbsp;— Manipulate the system ARP cache.dhclient&amp;nbsp;— Communicate with a DHCP server to obtain a dynamic IP address.ifdown&amp;nbsp;— Disable a network interface.ifquery&amp;nbsp;— Parse information about a network interface.ifup&amp;nbsp;— Enable a network interface.ip&amp;nbsp;— Display and manipulate information about routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels.iwconfig&amp;nbsp;— Configure a wireless network interface.ping&amp;nbsp;— Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts.netstat&amp;nbsp;— Print information about network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships.route&amp;nbsp;— Display and manipulate the IP routing table.</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738926</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:30:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738926</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>HACKS.EXE</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738930</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Dont open the hacks.exe folder</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:30:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738930</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>vision hacks</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738967</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:30:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738967</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Get free wifi if you fake your MAC ADRESS </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738975</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>HACKING</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:31:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115738975</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Please donate csgo skins</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739005</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>please<br><br><br><br><br>Also 32p on PayPal</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:31:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739005</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Ddos atacks are a big problem dont get ddossed</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739018</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:32:00 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739018</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>seb is WW3</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739022</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:32:11 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739022</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Network troubleshooting&amp;nbsp;is the collective measures and processes used to identify, diagnose and resolve problems and issues within a computer&amp;nbsp;network. It is a systematic process that aims to resolve problems and restore normal&amp;nbsp;network&amp;nbsp;operations within the&amp;nbsp;network.</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739024</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:32:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739024</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>jake is in the friendzone with jemima</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739030</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-06-30 10:32:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/alisonhannah/obueomqcyvo5/wish/115739030</guid>
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